Breast Neoplasms ; chemistry ; pathology ; Cytodiagnosis ; methods ; Cytological Techniques ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Receptors, Estrogen ; analysis ; Receptors, Progesterone ; analysis

Objective To analyse the clinical characteristics,therapeutic modalities and prognosis of pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma(LCNEC). Methods The clinical data of 14 patients with pulmonary LCNEC confirmed by surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Results No case was correctely diagnosed before surgery.The immunohistochemical amalysis of the specimens revealed the characters of endocrine carcinoma.Twelve cases received adjuvant chemotherapy of platinum agents,but recurrence or metastasis was found in 8 of them several months after surgery.The median survival time was 19 months.The 1-year,2-year and 3-year survival rate were 85.7%(12/14),21.4%(3/14) and not more than 14.3%(2/14),respectively.The statistical analysis showed that the stage,lymph node metastasis and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy may have impacts on the prognosis of pulmonary LCNEC. Conclusion Pulmonary LCNEC is a carcinoma with poor prognosis,high tendency of invasion and metastasis.The stage of disease,lymph node metastasis,and adjuvant chemotherapy may be related to the prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) on myocardial tissue pathology,oxidative stress and apoptosis in rat fed a high-fat diet,and to explore the possible mechanism of CIH induced cardiomyocyte injury.Methods A total of 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8 each).The control group was fed common rat forage,the high-fat group was fed high-fat forage,and the high-fat plus intermittent hypoxia group was fed high-fat forage combined with a 7h/d intermittent hypoxia treatment.The changes of myocardial tissue pathology and ultrastructure of cardiomyocyte,and the activities of apoptosis regulating factor cysteine-containing aspartate-specific proteases-3 (caspase-3) and oxidative stress marker myeloperoxidase (MPO) were observed in the 3 groups after 4 weeks of treatment.Results There were significant differences in the activities of caspase-3 and MPO among the three group (F=89.94,71.24,both P＝0.001).The activities of caspase-3 and MPO were lower in the control group than in the high-fat group and in high fat plus intermittent hypoxia group [(0.21±0.06) vs.(0.80±0.11),(1.15±0.21),(3.20±0.58) vs.(10.87±1.96),(13.17±2.22),P＜0.01].The activities of caspase-3 and MPO were higher in the high-fat plus intermittent hypoxia group than in the high fat group[(1.15±0.21) vs.(0.80±0.11),(13.17±2.22) vs.(10.87±1.96),P＜0.01].No abnormal findings in the structure of cardiomyocyte were observed in the control group,while multiple pathologic damages in cardiomyocyte were detected in the high-fat group,and more obvious injuries in the high-fat plus intermittent hypoxia group.Conclusions The pathologic damages to cardiomyocyte are more serious in high fat and intermittent hypoxia group than in the high-fat group.Apoptosis induced by oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of these injuries.

Objective To establish the model of glioma by hypodermic of C6 cells line into the nude mice and observe the growth characteristics. Methods The C6 gliocyte suspension was injected into the left subaxillary hypoderma of nude mice. The diameter and the volume of the tumor were measured and calculated, and the volume-time growth curve was plotted. The cells of tumor were observed under the HE and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immono-histochemistry staining. Results The tumor appeared in inoculation area 7 d after injection, and presented nearly exponential development after about 20 d. The survival time of the nude mice is 22～48 d. The tumors were with sharp border, affluent blood vessel, and a great number of GFAP-positive cells. Conclusion The model of glioma can be well induced by hypodermic of the cultured C6 gliocyte into nude mouse.

BACKGROUNDHigh uric acid (UA) levels and metabolic syndrome (MS) are risk factors for atherosclerotic diseases. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a valid and reproducible measurement by which to assess arterial stiffness and a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis. However, little is known about the relationship between them, especially in elderly Chinese with MS components who are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases.

METHODSOne thousand and twenty Chinese subjects (159 women) older than 60 years of age (mean age (70.6 ± 5.7) years) with at least one MS component underwent routine laboratory tests, and baPWV measurements were analyzed.

RESULTSParticipants were divided into four groups by MS components. The mean age did not significantly differ among the MS component groups. We found that not only the diagnostic factors (blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), lipids, glucose) of MS but also baPWV, UA, insulin, homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistence index (HOMAIR) levels increased, and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-C decreased with an increased number of MS components (test for trend P < 0.05). The association between UA and baPWV was observed after adjustment for gender, age, blood pressure, BMI, serum creatinine and high density lipoprotein, and insulin resistance (r = 0.186, P < 0.0001). There were increases in the odds ratios for the association between the number of components of MS, UA and baPWV, even after adjustment for traditional risk factors. However, after adjustment for insulin or HOMA-IR, there were no significant differences in the multivariate odds ratios among the number of MS components for UA.

CONCLUSIONSThe UA level is positively associated with baPWV and MS, but the association between UA and MS is dependent on insulin resistance. Furthermore, baPWV is independently associated with MS in our study population.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Body Mass Index ; Brachial Artery ; physiopathology ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; physiopathology ; Middle Aged ; Uric Acid ; blood ; Vascular Stiffness ; physiology

Objective To study the effects of health management on blood pressure and lifestyle of hypertensive outpatients.Methods A total of 319 hypertensive outpatients were randomly assigned to the control group (n =160) or the health management group (n =159).Pharmacologic therapy was given to the control group,while in the health management group,intensive health management combined with pharmacologic therapy was conducted.Blood pressure,height,body weight (BW),total cholesterol (TC),and fasting blood glucose (FBG) of the participants were measured and compared at baseline and 12 months.Results There were no significant differences of clinical characteristics between two groups at baseline.After 12 months' intervention,more significant decrease of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure was found in the health management group (t values were 2.701 and 2.306,respectively;both P ＜ 0.05).There were statistically significant differences of body mass index (BMI) and serum TC levels between the control and the health management group (t values were 2.111 and 2.227,respectively ;P ＜ 0.05).After the intervention,two groups showed no significant difference in current cigarette smoking (x2=2.787,P ＞ 0.05).The participants in the health management group showed improved physical exercises,diet,and adherence to treatment at the end of the observation (x2 values were 59.459,52.018,6.321 and 5.392,respectively; all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with pharmacologic therapy,health management combined with pharmacologic therapy could significantly improve clinical parameters and life style of hypertensive patients.

Objective To retrospectively summarize the normal reference range of trachea wall thickness,lumen diameter,wall area and wall area ratio[WA%=mean wall area/(mean wall area+lumen area)]of Chinese healthy adults,and its related factors. Also,to observe the difference of inner diameter between superior and inferior bronchus.Methods Based on computer measurement techniques of bronchus,a CT quantitative analysis was carried out in 701 cases of normal healthy people who had negative results in lung cancer screening of health examination at our hospital.Results The value of trachea wall thickness,lumen diameter,wall area and wall area ratio was(1.322 mm,18.024 mm,78.93 mm2 ,0.27)respectively.In different gender,the trachea wall thickness,lumen diameter,wall area and wall area ratio had statistical significance (P<0.05).Also,they had good consistency with gender (r=-0.512,-0.472,-0.559,0.315).In different gender and age,the difference of inner diameter between the superior bronchus and inferior bronchus was always a positive value.Conclusion The CT quantitative analysis method has advantages of convenience,direct-vie-wing and accuracy.It is good for quantitative detection and research of bronchus structure.Bronchial wall thickness,lumen diameter, wall area and wall area ratio have significant difference because of gender.The inner diameter of superior bronchus is always greater than that of the inferior bronchus.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of using comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in estimating if standard dose treatment is fit for the elderly patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma.Methods.Comprehensive geriatric assessments including three assessments of activity of daily living,instrumental activity of daily living and comorbidity scoring according to Cumulative Illness Rating Score for Geriatrics were adopted to assess if standard dose treatment is fit for the elderly patients in our prospective study.Thirty seven patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma,aged ＞70 years were enrolled in the study,and grouped into fit,unfit and frail groups according to comprehensive geriatric assessment scoring and their age.The treatment protocolswere not determined by comprehensive geriatric assessment scores,but by clinical judgments made by clinicians based on their clinical experience and disease features.The clinically effective response and overall survival (OS) were analyzed in the three groups.Results According to CGA scores,patients were grouped into fit [21 cases (56.8％)],unfit [7 (18.9％)] and frail [9 (24.3％)].37 cases received 213 courses of treatment at average 5.76 courses per case.The overall response (complete / partial remission) rates were [85.7％(18/21) vs.28.6％ (2/7) vs.44.4％ (4/9),x2=9.69,P=0.008] and median survival times were (44 months vs.10 months vs.9 months;x2 =7.03,P=0.03) among fit,unfit and frail groups with statistically significant differences.Total effective rate (achieving all clinical targets) in fit group of 21 cases were 100 ％ (12/12)with receiving standard dose therapy,and 66.7％ of(6/9)with low dose therapy(P=0.06).Overall response rate(total/partial remission) [85.7％(18/21) vs.28.6％(2/7) vs.44.4％(4/9),x2=9.69,P=0.008] and median survival (44 months vs.10 months vs.9 months;x2 =7.03,P=0.03) amongfit,unfit and frail groups.In fit group,the two-year overall survival was higher in patients receiving standard dose treatment than receivingpalliativetreatment,with statistical significance [83.3 ％ (10/12) vs.33.3 ％ (3/9),P =0.032],without significant hematologic toxicity observed between the subgroups.Conclusions Comprehensive geriatric assessment can identify if elderly patients diffuse large B cell lymphoma can acquire a satisfactory curative effect from a standard dose treatment ofimmunochemotherapy.

The high molecular weight genomic DNA of yeast was extracted using three methods.Products were separated on agarose gel electrophoresis,quantified by spectrophotometer ND-1000 and restricted by EcoRⅠand MesⅠ.The result was shown that the genomic DNA extracted by modified benzyl chloride method was the best.The products of wild isolates supported it,too.This method was suitable for restriction of genomic DNA from yeast.

Objective To study the relationship between the intervals of Mitomycin C treatment and cytotoxicity, apoptosis and drug resistance for bladder cancer cells.Methods The bladder transitional cell cancer line BIU-87 was treated for two hours every time for five times with intervals of 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours respectively.Cytotoxicity was measured by MTT.p53,bcl-2,Bax and p170 expression were analyzed by Western blot.Results The IC_(50)(?g/ml)were 4.41,0.71,2.83,4.51and 6.16 with treatment intervals of 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours respectively, p53 and bcl-2 were significantly down-regulated and bcl-2/Bax was re- duced at 24 hour treatment interval but not changed at 48,72 and 96 hour intervals,p170 was not detected at 24 hour treatment interval but increasingly expressed at 48,72 and 96 hours intervals.Conclusion The in- terval of Mitomycin C treatment is closely related with cytotoxieity and apoptosis and drug resistance of blad- der cancer cells.The intervals of intravesical instillations may play an important role in the effect of chemotherapy.