Background Flickering light is different from the normal light environment.Animal experiment proved that flickering light can induce myopia.But its mechanism remains unclear.Objective This study was to investigate the expression of c-fos gene in retina of myopic C57BL/6J mice induced by flickering light and monocular form deprivation.Methods Ninety clean C57BL/6J mice aged 28-day-old with the similar refraction in both eyes were randomly assigned to five groups.Fifteen mice in the control group were exposed to continuous white light environment.The white flickering light with the frequency of 10,5,2 Hz were used to irradiate the mice respectively in high frequency flickering group (15 mice),moderate frequency flickering group (15 mice) and low frequency flickering group (15 mice),respectively.The right eyes of other 30 mice were monocularly occluded with a semitransparent hemispherical thin plastic shell to establish the form deprivation models and then were exposed to white light environment.The diopter and ocular axial length were measured by murine-specific eccentric infrared photorefraction and A-scan ultrasonography before experiment and two weeks after the treatments.At the end of experiment,the mice were sacrificed by neck dislocation.Mice eyes were enucleated and retinal samples were prepared for the detect of c-fos protein and its mRNA by immunohistochemistry,Western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),respectively.Results Immunohistochemistry showed that the expressing rate ofc-fos protein in retina was (68.000±10.368)％,(51.000±6.519)％,(46.000±6.519)％,(31.000±7.416)％ and (25.000 ± 7.071)％ in the control group,high frequency flickering group,moderate frequency flickering group,low frequency flickering group and form deprivation group respectively 2 weeks after experiment.The expression rates of c-fos protein in retina in different frequencies of flickering light groups and form deprivation group were significantly lower than that in the control group (t =3.104,4.017,6.490,7.661,all P＜0.05),with the lowest rate in the form deprivation group (P＜0.05).The expression of c-fos detected by Western blot assay exhibited that the relative values of c-fos protein in retina (c-fos/GAPDH) was 0.804±0.050,0.687±0.047,0.667±0.036,0.558±0.036 and 0.532 ±0.056,respectively in the control group,high frequency flickering group,moderate frequency flickering group,low frequency flickering group and form deprivation group,illustrating significantly lowing in different frequencies of flickering light groups and form deprivation group compared with control group (t =2.961,3.184,6.971,6.276,all P＜0.05),whereas the c-fos in the low frequency group and form deprivation group,c-fos protein was less expressed in comparison with the higher frequency flicking group (P＜0.05).The expression level of c-fos mRNA (c-fos mRNA/GAPDH mRNA) in retina was 0.820±0.056,0.663±0.061,0.627±0.034,0.521±0.041 and 0.474 ±0.045 in the control group,high frequency flickering group,moderate frequency flickering group,low frequency flickering group and form deprivation group,respectively.These results demonstrated a significant decline in the expression of c-fos mRNA in different frequencies of flickering group and form deprivation group compared with the control group(t=3.262,5.070,7.173,8.305,all P＜0.05),and the inhibition ability of low frequency of flickering group and form deprivation group was much stronger.Conclusions The c-fos gene level in the retina has a negative relationship with the severity of myopia induced by flickering light and form deprivation.

Object To study the factors causing the dormancy of seed and to broaden the scope in the choice of explant for the tissue culture of the rare and near extinct plant Elaeagnus mollis Diels.Methods Dormant buds from one-year old branch collected each month from Autumn to next Spring, and seed of the very year were selected and cultured on basic media with the addition of 6-BA, NAA and GA 3 Results The germination rate of dormant bud follows the regular order of the months when it was taken. Those taken in Autumn declined every month until next Spring, and the nrevived monthly with those taken in March showing the most prosperous germination.The dormant bud can germinate into shoots. When seed was cultured, there are several factors leading to its dormancy: hardness of the mesocarp, keratinization of periderm, refractory to water permeation and the presence of certain inhibitory subtances. Seed kernal is rich in nutrition, but susceptible to bacterial infection leading to its decay. But the germination rate was well over 70% which can be cultured to give bacteria free shoots. Conclusion Both dormant buds obtained in March and bacteria free shoots germinated from naked kernal can be used as new sources for the tissue culture of E mollis .

AIM:To investigate the effect of Haikun Shenxi Capsule(fucoidan)on disorder of lipid metabolism on the patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).METHODS:98 patients with CKD 3、4 stage were divided into 2 groups at random:control group were given routine therapy and therapy group were given routine therapy plus Haikun Shenxi Capsule.The changes of the levels of TCH,TG,HDL-Ch,LDL-Ch,VLDL-Ch,ApoA-1,ApoB in 2 groups were observed.RESULTS:The level of TCH,TG decreased significantly(P 0.05).CONCLUSION:Haikun Shenxi Capsule has a positive effect on disorder of lipid metabolism on the patients with CKD.

Bacteremia ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Pseudomonas Infections ; pathology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Objective To investigate the indications to use a temporary pacemaker for bifascicular block in perioperative period.Methods The treatment for 40 patients with heart bifascicular block and a special case were retrospectively studied.All cases,according to their disease history,clinical symptoms,physical ability and atrio-ventricular conduction ability,were divided into two groups:P group(prophylactic insertion of a temporary pacemaker) and N group(without inserting a pacemaker).During operation,we observed whether atrio-ventricular block occurs,the performance of pacemaker and atropine's therapeutic efficacy to bradycardia.Results Anesthesia was postponed in one case because of acute left bundle branch block(LBBB) and the patient died with severe myocardium damage soon after failed resuscitation.All other cases went through anesthesia and operation smoothly.Bradycardia and hypotension could be relieved somewhat by medication in operation,and no complete atrio-ventricular block developed.Conclusion There is no need inserting a temporary pacemaker for chronic bifascicular block if asymptomatic and no atrio-ventricular block.Transesophageal atrial pacing is an easy way to evaluate in quantification atrio-ventricular conduction ability.

BACKGROUND:Alcohol has become pathogenic factors of avascular necrosis, and the alcohol induced
abnormal lipid metabolism in bone marrow may be the important reason for the onset of avascular necrosis, but the mechanism is not clear yet.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the changes of structure and function of fat cel s under the action of alcohol, in order to analyze the pathogenesis of alcoholic femoral head necrosis.
METHODS:Primary adipocytes in vitro culture technique was used to obtain rabbit femoral head intramedul ary adipose tissue, and then the fat cel s were separated, and the phenotype was identified with oil red O staining. The passaged stable intramedul ary fat cel s were col ected. Coverslip was cut into 1 cm × 1 cm in size, and placed in the 24-wel culture plate before planting. The cel s were randomly divided into alcohol group and control group, 24 holes (each hole for a sample) in each group. The control group was without alcohol, while the alcohol group was added with 0.15 mol/L alcohol. At 4, 6, 8 and 10 days, the culture medium was replaced. Medium was changed and no longer adding alcohol, and then cultured for 10 days. When the culture terminated, the coverslip was removed for oil red O staining. Final y, the morphology and the number of the fat cel s were observed under light
microscope.
RESUTLS AND CONCLUSION:With time prolonging, the number of fat cel s in the alcohol group was significantly more than that in the control group (P<0.001). The lipid droplets in the two groups were gradual y increased and enlarged, but more significant in the alcohol group. The number of intramedul ary fat cel s in the alcohol group after cultured for 4, 6, 8 and 10 days was respectively (200.90±24.60), (1 102.30±76.73), (1 160.30±28.37) and (1 199.70±44.74)/cm2;the
number of intramedul ary fat cel s in the control group was respectively (99.80±10.82), (0.40±94.71), (1 000.20± 41.85) and (1 059.80±26.79)/cm2, the number of fat cel s increased with the time of alcohol influence. Alcohol can promote the intramedul ary fat cel s to increase and enlarge, and this may be the main reason for femoral head necrosis, as long-term alcoholism can lead to bone marrow fat tissue increasing, intraosseous pressure increasing and perfusion reducing, thus resulting ischemia.

Aged ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Heparinases,a kind of polysaccharide lyases,can degrade heparin and heparin sulfate to low molecular weight polysaccharides.It has been noted that many bacteria have heparinases although only few of them have been purified and characterized.Heparinases I,II and III from Flavobacterium heparinum have been extensively studied for many years and been commercialized recently.Heparinases have some important applications in the industry and clinic as well as in the determination of heparin structure,which is a very important anticoagulant drug used world-widely.The recent progresses in isolation of heparinase-producing bacteria,genome mapping of heparinase homologs in sequenced bacteria and archaea genomes,purification of heparinases and the study of their biochemistry and regulation were reviewed.The recombinant expression of these enzymes as well as important applications of heparinases and their potential applications in the future will also be highlighted.

Objective: To investigate the effect of muscone on infarction volume and neuronal glutamate transporter EAAC1 mRNA expression in rats. Methods: Rats were divided randomly, focal ischemic models of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were achieved by inserting nylon surgical thread through the internal carotid artery(ICA) into the anterior cerebral artery(ACA). The rats were sacrificed, the brain was stained by TTC and the area of infarcton was measured. The expression of EAACl mRNA in the hippocampal regions was assessed by RT PCR. Results: Muscone could remarkably reduce tbe infarction volume and expression of EAAC1 mRNA. Conclusion: Muscone plays a significant role in against local cerebral ischemia, the mechanism may be related to reducing EEACl mRNA expression.

This paper introduces a kind of vacuumizing system for X-ray machine head.The system function,structural composition and operation principle are expounded.It has such advantages as small empty volume,high vacuumizing speed,simple and convenient structure,etc.It shows high military,social and economic benefit because of its good maneuverability in timely and efficient maintenance on the spot.According to the feedback from maintenance department of field and local medical equipment,it is stable and reliable in working,easy to be operated and worthy of being popularized.