AIM: To evaluate the alterations of maternal hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes and antioxidative function in tobacco-induced intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). METHODS:Pregnant rats were assigned to control group and tobacco group. IUGR model was produced by smoking from gestational days (GD) 9 to GD 20. Fetuses were removed by laparotomy on GD 21. The fetal development parameters such as fetal body weights, litter size and placental weights were recorded. Subcelluar fractions of liver were prepared by differential centrifugation. Activities of drug-metabolizing and antioxidative enzymes were monitored. RESULTS:In the tobacco exposure group, fetal body weights, litter size and placental weights were significantly reduced (P

OBJECTIVE:To determine the plasma concentration of Phencynonate hydrochloride(PCH)in dogs,and to calcu-late pharmacokinetic parameters. METHODS:6 Beagle dogs were given PCH tablets(2 mg and 4 mg)intragastrically. The blood samples were collected 5 min before medication and 0.17,0.25,0.5,0.75,1.0,1.25,1.5,2,3,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18, 24 and 36 h after medication,2 ml each time. Using penehyclidine hydrochloride as internal standard,HPLC-MS/MS method was adopted to determine the plasma concentration of PCH. The medication plans were interchanged 2 weeks later. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS 2.0 software. RESULTS:The linear range of PCH was 0.1-15 ng/ml(r=0.999 6);the low-est limit of quantification was 0.1 ng/ml;the methodology recovery were 97.30%-103.20%;the extraction recovery were 52.30%-60.11%(RSD<11%,n=5). The main pharmacokinetic parameters of low and high doses were as follows as t1/2α of (0.678±0.525)and(0.405±0.465)h,tmax of(1.042±0.401)and(0.900±0.418)h,cmax of(14.063±6.29)and(31.580±9.673) mg/L,AUC0-36 h of(48.186±14.776)and(79.269±34.649)mg·h/L. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,sensitive and speci-fic,and can be used for pharmacokinetic study of PCH in dogs.

AIM:To establish a simple and accurate HPLC method for quality evaluation and determination of 8 active constituents, i.e. Danshensu, Protocatechualdehyde,rosmarinic acid,Salvianolic acid B, Dihydrotanshinone, Cryptotanshinone, Tanshinone Ⅰand Tanshinone ⅡA in Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, at the same time, in order to study the correlations of the contents of the 8 constituents. METHODS: Detected at 286 nm, analytes were separated on a ODS C_ 18 column(150 mm?4.6 mm, 10 ?m) eluted gradually with methanol and 1% tetrafuran in 1% formic acid water solution(3∶97)on the increasement of methanol from 3% to 70% in the whole analysis. After determination, SPSS 13.0 software was used to calculate the correlation between the 8 constituents. RESULTS: Under the above conditions, HPLC method was constructed to quantify 8 constituents,and their correlation coefficients were calculated. CONCLUSION: The result shows that the contents of the 8 constituents in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. vary greatly from different origins; and there are significant correlations between the contents of hydrophilic constituents such as Salvianolic acid B,Danshensu,rosmarinic acid, so do hydrophobic constituents like Cryptotanshinone,Tanshinone Ⅰ,Tanshinone ⅡA,but there is no correlation between the hydrophilic constituents and hydrophobic constituents.

Objective To measure middle cerebral artery (MCA) hemodynamic parameters of chronic cerebral ischemia in middle aged and elderly people with phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PCMRI),and to explore cerebral blood flow dynamic pattern in different degrees of chronic cerebral ischemia patients.Methods Middle aged and elderly people underwent conventional MRI scan,and were divided into 12 cases of the normal group,16 cases of mild cerebral ischemia group and 13 cases of obvious cerebral ischemia group.All groups underwent bilateral MCA PCMRI.Bilateral MCA hemodynamic parameters and phase-velocity curve in a heartbeat cycle were obtained by QFLOW analysis software on the workstation for post-processing.Bilateral MCA vascular area,peak velocity (PV),mean velocity (MV) and mean flow (MF) were recorded.The differences of bilateral MCA hemodynamic parameters among the three groups were compared by SPSS17.0 software.Results Bilateral MCA vascular area,MV,MF and right MCA PV among three groups were statistically significant by one-Way ANOVA (P＜0.05).Compared with normal group,systolic peak of bilateral MCA phase-velocity curve was low,dull,widen,and the connection between the diastolic peak and systolic peak became flattened in chronic cerebral ischemia patients.Conclusion PCMRI can reflect the differences of the cerebral blood flow dynamic change pattern between different degrees of chronic cerebral ischemia.

Objective To investigate the advantage of detaining peripherally inserted central catheter through the veins of lower extremity in neonatal intensive care unit.Methods 165 cases of infants were randomized into veins of lower extremity group (first saphenous veins,then popliteal vein) and veins of upper extremity group (first basilic vein,then median cubital vein,cephalic veins) from January to December 2012.We observed the success rate of detaining,catheter tip location,and complications such as phlebitis in the two groups.Results The success rate of detaining of lower extremity group was higher than that of upper extremity group,and ectopic rate of lower extremity group was lower than that of upper extremity group.There was no significant difference in complications such as phlebitis between two groups.Conclusions Peripherally inserted central catheter through the veins of lower extremity has more advantage over through the veins of upper extremity group.

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of acupoint sticking therapy with Mian Tan Gao (facial paralysis paste) plus electroacupuncture (EA) for treating peripheral facial paralysis and its influence on patients' facial nerve functions, facial disability index and clinical symptoms and signs. Methods: A total of 96 peripheral facial paralysis patients were allocated into an observation group, a medicine group and an EA group by simple randomization, with 32 cases in each group. Patients in the medicine group were treated with oral mecobalamine and prednisone acetate; patients in the EA group were treated with EA on the basis of the medicine treatment; while patients in the observation group were treated with acupoint sticking therapy with Mian Tan Gao (facial paralysis paste) plus EA. After 4-week treatment, the clinical efficacy, the adverse events, and the scores of House-Brackmann (H-B) facial nerve function grading scale, visual analog scale (VAS), clinical symptoms and signs, and facial disability index (FDI) were compared. Results: After 4-week treatment, the total effective rate was 96.9％ in the observation group, higher than 68.7％ in the medicine group and 75.0％ in the EA group (both P<0.05). After 4-week treatment, the scores of H-B grading scale, VAS and clinical symptoms and signs in the three groups dropped significantly compared with those before treatment, and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the medicine group and EA group (all P<0.05). After 4-week treatment, the facial disability index-physical function (FDIP) in the FDI in the three groups increased significantly, with a higher value in the observation group compared with that in the medicine group and EA group (both P<0.05). The facial disability index-social function (FDIS) in the FDI dropped significantly, with a lower score in the observation group compared with that in the medicine group and EA group (both P<0.05). However, the comparisons of the items above between the medicine group and the EA group showed no statistical significance (all P>0.05). The between-group comparison of the adverse event across the three groups showed no statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion: Acupoint sticking therapy with Mian Tan Gao (facial paralysis paste) plus EA can decrease H-B grade, reduce pain severity and improve clinical symptoms and signs as well as the facial disability condition in peripheral facial paralysis patients. This method produced more significant efficacy compared with oral medicine and medicine plus EA.

Objective To discuss the active role of health education on control of diabetes mdlitus and prevention of its complications.Methods 96 cases of hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 48 patients in each group from June 2009 to June 2010.The control group received conventional diabetes treatment and distribution of health education brochures,based on this,the observation group was given health education,including cognitive,nutrition,behavioral intervention.The general prevention condition of diabetes and its complications as well as the education effect were compared before the education and six months after education.Results The fasting blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,body mass index and incidence of complications were greatly improved in the observation group than those of the control group.Conclusions Strengthening health education can improve self-care ability of patients,effectively improve the overall control level of diabetes,reduce acute and chronic complications,disability,death rate.

Objective To evaluate the anti-oxidative effect and chemical constituents of stems and leaves of Salvia miltiorrhiza (SMSL) collected in July and December, water extracts and alcohol extracts of SMSL collected in July and December were taken as the subject, therefore provide scientific basis for the comprehensive development and utilization of SMSL. Methods The chemical constituents in the extracts were identified and determined by Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography combined with triple quadrupole electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-TQ/MS), then confirmed the main salvianolic acids (danshensu, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, and salvianolic acid B) as the material basis of anti-oxidant activity of SMSL. Moreover, based on the anti-oxidant activity evaluation index: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline- 6-sulphonate) (ABTS) free radical scavenging and iron reduction/anti-oxidant capacity (FRAP), anti-oxidant activity of SMSL was evaluated. Meanwhile Salvia Miltiorrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (SM) from market was used to be control. Results It showed that the water extracts of SMSL in July possessed strong anti-oxidant activities, and the total salvianolic acids with the content of 75.663 mg/g was the highest; Followed by the alcohol extracts of SMSL in July, anti-oxidant activity and total phenolic acid contents of SM extracts were all lower than that of SMSL in July. Danshensu, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, and salvianolic acid B showed obvious anti-oxidative activities and significant dose-dependent effect in scavenging free radicals. Conclusion It revealed that SMSL possessed strong in vitro anti-oxidant activity. Additonally, it is shown that SMSL was rich in salvianolic acids, in which danshensu, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, and salvianolic acid B also had obvious anti-oxidant activity.

Objective: To study and establish the UPLC of Salvia miltiorrhiza stems and leaves (SMSL) and analyze the specific peaks composition by ESI-QTOF/MS, and provide scientific basis for the comprehensive development and utilization of resources SMSL. Methods: The fingerprint of SMSL was established by UPLC, the samples were conducted by Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) and eluted with acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid at the flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 280 nm and column temperature was 35℃. Negative ion mode was chosen for qualitative analysis. The capillary voltage was set at 3.0 kV. The nebulization gas was set to 800 L/h at 400℃, and the source temperature was 120℃. The similarity evaluation, cluster analysis (CA), and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to deal with the experimental data, in order to find out the similarities and differences among the 12 batches of SMSL from five different areas. Results: The specific chromatogram of SMSL was obtained, and 13 common peaks were identified by ESI-QTOF/MS. Similarities of the 12 batches of samples were 0.823-0.997, the results of CA and PCA were consistent with similarity evaluation. Conclusion: The establishment of UPLC fingerprint of SMSL and the application of chemical pattern recognition can provide a more comprehensive reference for the quality control of SMSL and the utilization value of non-medicinal parts of S. miltiorrhiza.

Objective:To investigate the value of autoantibodies and serum levels of IgG4 and CA19-9 in the diagnosis of IgG4 associated cholangitis (IgG4-SC).Methods:Detect the serum IgG4 and CA19-9 of 41 clinical cases of IgG4-SC patients,162 clinical cases of non IgG4-SC patients and 40 healthy human serum samples by immunoassay and direct chemiluminescence methods, also detect the antinuclear antibodies (ANA),anti neutrophil antibody (ANCA),anti smooth muscle antibody (SMA) and anti mitochondrial antibody (AMA) of the above serum samples by indirect immunofluorescence and analyze the detection results.Results:①The positive rates of ANA,ANCA,SMA and AMA in patients with IgG4-SC were 41.46%,7.32%,0 and 2.44%.Among them,the positive rate of ANA was significantly different from that of the normal control group(P<0.01),and the positive rate of SMA and AMA was significantly different from that of non IgG4-SC group(P<0.01),and so as the positive rate of ANCA do with that of PSC group.②The number of serum IgG4 and CA19-9 increased samples were significantly compared with the normal control group (P<0.01);the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.979 and 0.646,respectively,and P<0.05.Conclusion:The high level of serum IgG4 and CA19-9 and autoantibody detection are of great accuracy and important clinical value in the differential diagnosis of IgG4-SC.