Objective To investigate changes in plasma levels of D-dimer in patients with prostate hyperplasia(BPH)complicat-ed with acute urinary retention(AUR),and to explore its clinical significance.Methods 102 cases of patients with prostate hyper-plasia complicated with acute urinary retention,treated in this hospital from July 2013 to December 2014,were selected and divided into the simple BPH group(56 cases)and BPH complicated with AUR(BPH+AUR)group.The plasma levels of D-dimer of these patients were detected and comparatively analysed.Results Compared with the simple BPH group,the plasma levels of D-dimer of patients in the BPH+AUR group was increased,had statistically significant difference.(P <0.01).Conclusion The plasma levels of D-dimer in patients with BPH complicated with AUR increase significantly,which indicates that patients are with secondary in-creased fibrinolytic activity.Measures should be taken to relieve urinary retention as soon as possible,so as to protect the vascular endothelial function of patients and reduce the incidence of complications.

To establish a method for the determination of cucurbitacin in plasma samples, in order to study the in vivo pharmacokinetic characteristics of cucurbitacin in rats. Rats were intravenously injected with cucurbitacin. With diphenhydramine as the internal standard (IS), the plasma concentrations of cucurbitacin in rat plasma at different time points were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). With electrospray ionization source, the positive ion detection in the multiple reaction monitoring mode was conducted to determine the ion-pairs for target compound and IS were m/z 503.2/113.1 and m/z 256.0/167.2, respectively. Agilent ZOBAX SB-C18 column (2.1 mm x 50 mm, 1.8 microm) was adopted and eluted with methanol and 0.1% formic acid (55:45), and the flow rate was 0.2 mL x min(-1). DAS 2.0 software was applied to fit the blood concentration and calculate corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters. The rats were intravenously injected with cucurbitacin at the concentration of 3.0 mg x kg(-1). The target blood quality concentration show good linear relations within the range of 10.5-3 150 microg x L(-1) (R2 = 0.996), the lower limit of the standard curve was 10.5 microg x L(-1), and the signal to noise ratio S/N = 12. Intra- and inter-day precisions RSD was less than 6.9% and 14%, respectively; The accuracy RE ranged between 0.20% and 3.7%; The extraction recoveries ranged between 92.7% and 97.1%. Regarding the pharmacokinetic parameters of tail intravenous injection of cucurbitacin, AUC (0-t) was (811.615 +/- 111.578) microg x h x L(-1), (t1/2) was (1.285 +/- 1.390) h, CL was (3.627 +/- 0.487) L x h x kg(-1), and V(d) was (6.721 +/- 7.429) L x kg(-1). In this study, researchers established a simple, accurate, sensitive and highly specific method for determining the blood concentration of cucurbitacin, and reported the in vivo pharmacokinetic characteristics of cucurbitacin in rats for the first time.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Cucurbitaceae ; chemistry ; Cucurbitacins ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

To compare the pharmacokinetics of syringin, eleutheroside E and isofraxidin after intravenous administration of each monomer and Ciwujia injection. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups and intravenously administrated with syringin, eleutheroside E, isofraxidin, and Ciwujia injection, respectively. The concentrations of the three components in rat plasma were determined by LC-MS/MS. DAS 2.0 software was applied to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters while the SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Significant difference (P < 0.05) was found between each monomer and the injection on the main pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC, CL and t1,/2. Compared with the injection, the group treated with the syringin has obvious decrease in AUC, and increase in CL while the group treated with eleutheroside E has obvious increase in AUC, and decrease in CL The t1/2 of isofraxidin was prolonged in Ciwujia injection. Pharmacokinetic characters of the ingredients in the injection varied greatly from the monomer. Other constituents in the injection may have an impact on the pharmacokinetic profiles of these three components.
Administration, Intravenous ; Animals ; Coumarins ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Lignans ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Phenylpropionates ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVE: To explore the methods to assess the function disorder of patients with mild psychiatric impairment due to road traffic accidents. METHODS: In contrast to that of the patient with physical impairment, the function disorder of the patient with mild psychiatric impairment was assessed by the standard assessment instruments, such as the Barthel index of ADL (BI), Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS), Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL), Physical Self-maintenance Scale (PSMS), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL). RESULTS: Except BI, the each total score of FAQ, SDSS, ADL, PSMS, and IADL correlated well with the rank of psychiatric impairment. The difference of each total score of rating scales among different physical impairment rank was not statistically significant. At the impairment rank of level 10, the difference of each total score of FAQ and ADL was not significant between the two groups; each total score of BI, SDSS, and IADL in psychiatric impairment was higher than that of physical impairment, while the total score of PSMS in psychiatric impairment was lower than that of physical impairment. At the level 9, except PSMS, the each total score of BI, FAQ, SDSS, IADL and ADL in psychiatric impairment was higher than that of physical impairment. At the level 8, except BI and PSMS, the each total score of FAQ, SDSS, IADL and ADL in psychiatric impairment was higher than that of physical impairment. CONCLUSION The different criteria for assessment of mild psychiatric and physical impairment may exist, and appropriate indexes for assessment between physical and psychiatric impairment need to be further elucidated.
Accidents, Traffic ; Activities of Daily Living ; Cognition Disorders/etiology* ; Disabled Persons/psychology* ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/etiology* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE: To explore the main performance of personality change in people with mild psychiatric impairments which due to the brain trauma caused by traffic accidents and its value in assessment of psychiatric impairment. METHODS: The condition of personality change of patients with traumatic brain injury caused by traffic accident was evaluated by the Scale of Personality Change Post-traumatic Brain Injury (SPCPTBI). Furthermore, the correlation between the personality change and the degrees of traumatic brain injury and psychiatric impairment were explored. Results In 271 samples, 239 (88.2%) with personality changes. Among these 239 samples, 178 (65.7%), 46 (17.0%), 15 (5.5%) with mild, moderate and severe personality changes, respectively. The ratio based on the extent of personality changes to the degree of brain trauma was not significant (P > 0.05), but the total score difference between the groups was significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistical significance between the medium and high severity brain trauma groups. The higher degree of personality changes, the higher rank of mental disabilities. The total score difference of the scale of personality change among the different mild psychiatric impairment group was significant (P<0.05). The difference between other psychiatric impairment levels had statistical significance (P < 0.05) except level 7 and 8. CONCLUSION The occurrence of personality change due to traumatic brain injury caused by traffic accident was high. Correlations exist between the personality change and the degree of psychiatric impairment. Personality change due to brain trauma caused by traffic accident can be assessed effectively by means of SPCPTBI, and the correlation between the total score and the extent of traumatic brain injury can be found.
Accidents, Traffic ; Brain Injuries/physiopathology* ; Humans ; Personality

Cordyceps militaris is a parasitic fungus in a variety of lepidopteran pupae and larvae. It was reported that Cordyceps militaris has strong activity on the immuregulation, tumor, virus, infecction. This review will focus on the advances its constituents and pharmacological effect.
Animals ; Cordyceps ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans

Objective To explore the effect of neonatal exposure to different doses of Bisphenol A (BPA)on the hypothalamic -pituitary -testis axis in toddler and adolescent male rats.Methods Neonatal male Sprague -Daw-ley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups through random digital table method:control group,vehicle group,low -dose BPA [25 μg/(kg · d)]group,medium -dose BPA [50 μg/(kg · d)]group and high -dose BPA [250μg/(kg·d)]group.The rats were subcutaneously injected with respective agents on postnatal days 1 -7 (PND 1 -7).Pups were sacrificed on PND 22 and PND 50.The hypothalamus and testis were taken and weighed.The hypotha-lamic Kiss -1 mRNA and the testis androgen receptor (AR)mRNA were tested by using real -time fluorescence quan-titative and the levels of serum luteinizing hormone (LH),follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),testosterone (T)were tested by using radio immunity method,and inhibin B was measured by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results Compared with the controls,the level of serum FSH [(1 .610 0 ±0.693 2)IU /L,(1 .574 3 ±0.675 0)IU /L vs (2.362 9 ±0.580 3)IU /L](F =3.314,P =0.026),LH [(3.876 3 ±0.908 0)IU /L,(3.603 8 ±1 .350 2)IU /L vs (5.302 5 ±0.768 4)IU /L](F =3.1 39,P =0.027)and T [(0.383 8 ±0.1 77 8)μg/L,(0.442 5 ±0.21 4 1 )μg/L vs (0.782 5 ±0.282 1 )μg/L](F =5.1 06,P <0.01 )of medium and high -dose BPA groups,were decreased in PND 22,and the organ coefficient of testis [(0.952 90 ±0.049 1 5)%,(0.969 20 ±0.045 82)% vs (1 .022 80 ± 0.01 1 08)%](F =1 0.326,P <0.01 )and serum T [(1 .758 6 ±0.369 6)μg/L,(1 .71 8 8 ±0.395 7)μg/L vs (3.357 5 ±0.749 8)μg/L](F =1 3.799,P =0.01 2)were significantly decreased in PND 50.In high -dose BPA group of PND 22,the expression of hypothalamic Kiss -1 mRNA (0.068 80 ±0.01 1 79)was increased compared with the other groups (F =272.1 25,P <0.01 ),while in PND 50,compared with control group,the Kiss -1 mRNA (0.002 00 ±0.000 25,0.001 90 ±0.000 48 vs 0.001 40 ±0.000 1 7)of medium -and high -dose BPA groups was decreased(F =1 91 .826,P <0.01 ).Conclusions Neonatal exposure to the medium and high -dose BPA may impair the function of testis in toddler and adolescent male rats,and affect the hypothalamus -pituitary -testis axis.Neonatal exposure to the low -dose BPA does not have a significant influence on the hypothalamus -pituitary -testis axis.

Objective To evaluate the CT findings of pancreatic carcinoid tumors.Methods The CT imaging data of five patients with pancreatic carcinoid tumors confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed.Results The tumors ranged in maximum diameter from 2.0 to 11.0 cm with a mean of 6.4 cm. On unenhanced CT,the tumors were slightly hypodense relative to the pancreatic parenchyma,homogenous in 2 cases,and heterogenous in 3 cases.One tumor showed calcification.After contrast material injection, the solid component of the tumor showed marked heterogenous enhancement on the arterial phase scanning in 3 cases,and mild heterogenous enhancement in 2 cases.The degree of tumor enhancement was less intense than the surrounding pancreatic parenchyma due to necrosis of various degree,which led to the cystic appearance of the tumor in 1 ease.On the portal phase scanning,all tumors showed marked enhancement similar to that of the pancreatic parenchyma.On the delayed phase scanning,the degree of enhancement was more intense than the surrounding pancreatic parenchyma in 1 case.Liver metastases with retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy and peripancreatic vessels invasion were seen in 1 case.No dilatation of the biliary tract or pancreatic duct was present.Conclusion The CT features of pancreatic carcinoid tumors included infrequent dilatation of the biliary tract or pancreatic duct and unusual vascular involvement,calcification within the mass,marked enhancement similar to that of the surrounding pancreatic parenchyma during the portal phase scanning and more intense during the delayed phase scanning.

Objective To identify the differential proteomic expressions between the liver tissues of male and female mice, and investigate the mechanisms underlying gender differences in liver diseases. Methods Two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry ( MALDI-TOF-MS) were used to identify the differentially expressed proteins in the liver tissues of male and female C57BL/6J mice. The differentially expressed proteins were validated by Western blot and further analyzed by bioinformatics, including Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Results Among the auto-detected 1767 protein spots by 2D-DIGE, 325 protein spots were differentially expressed (|ratio|≥1. 5, P< 0. 05) between the liver tissues of male and female mice, in which 78 spots were randomly selected for MALDI-TOF-MS identification and finally 48 distinct proteins were obtained. Compared with females, 14 and 34 proteins were up-or down-regulated in males, respectively. Among them, 6 differentially expressed proteins were validated by Western blot which confirmed the reliability of 2D-DIGE results. GO analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins in the liver tissues of male and female mice are associated to various cellular component, molecular function and biological process. 6 pathways were significantly different between the liver tissues of males and females depending on KEGG analysis. Conclusions The proteomic data and related analysis of the liver tissues of C57BL/6J mice offer crucial clues for elucidating the underlying mechanisms of different gender effects on liver diseases.

Objective:To investigate the value of autoantibodies and serum levels of IgG4 and CA19-9 in the diagnosis of IgG4 associated cholangitis (IgG4-SC).Methods:Detect the serum IgG4 and CA19-9 of 41 clinical cases of IgG4-SC patients,162 clinical cases of non IgG4-SC patients and 40 healthy human serum samples by immunoassay and direct chemiluminescence methods, also detect the antinuclear antibodies (ANA),anti neutrophil antibody (ANCA),anti smooth muscle antibody (SMA) and anti mitochondrial antibody (AMA) of the above serum samples by indirect immunofluorescence and analyze the detection results.Results:①The positive rates of ANA,ANCA,SMA and AMA in patients with IgG4-SC were 41.46%,7.32%,0 and 2.44%.Among them,the positive rate of ANA was significantly different from that of the normal control group(P<0.01),and the positive rate of SMA and AMA was significantly different from that of non IgG4-SC group(P<0.01),and so as the positive rate of ANCA do with that of PSC group.②The number of serum IgG4 and CA19-9 increased samples were significantly compared with the normal control group (P<0.01);the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.979 and 0.646,respectively,and P<0.05.Conclusion:The high level of serum IgG4 and CA19-9 and autoantibody detection are of great accuracy and important clinical value in the differential diagnosis of IgG4-SC.