Accidents, Traffic ; mortality ; prevention & control ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Survival Rate

To observe the clinical efficacy of Artisan iris-clip intraocular lens ( lOL) implantation on cataract with a wide range of lens dislocation.
●METHODS: Twenty-four hospital patients (28 eyes) of cataract with lens subluxation by trauma (20 patients, 20 eyes) and Marfan's syndrome (4 patients, 8 eyes) during May 2007 to December 2011 were selected. All of them underwent phacoemulsification or an anterior vitrectomy and Artisan iris - clip lOL implantation at stage Ⅰ. Postoperative visual acuity, corneal endothelial cell count, intraocular lens position and postoperative complications were observed. Follow-up time was 6mo.
●RESULTS: Compared with the preoperative, postoperative best corrected visual acuity improved to varying degrees, visual acuity of 0. 1-0. 5 was in 20 eyes, 0. 5-1. 0 in 8 eyes. After followed up 1-6mo, no artificial lens shift, iris inflammation, iris atrophy and corneal decompensation and other complications were observed.
●CONCLUSlON: Cataract surgery with a wide range of lens dislocation is difficult, but as long as surgeons who have a wealth of clinical experience and superb skills, still can carry out phacoemulsification surgery or anterior vitrectomy and Artisan iris - clip lOL implantation and obtain a better outcome.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of the CHCl3 and EtOAc extracts from Artemisia frigida.Methods The chemical constituents in A.frigida.were isolated with silica gel and LH-20 chromatography and their structures were identified by means of spectra,in same cases by direct comparison with authentic samples.Results Thirteen compounds were obtained and identified as quercetin(Ⅰ),luteolin(Ⅱ),5,7,3'-triterhydroxy-4'-methoxy flavone(Ⅲ),5,7,3'-triterhydroxy-6,4'-dimethoxy flavone(Ⅳ),5,3'-dihydroxy-6,7,4'-tritermethoxy flavone(Ⅴ),5,3'-dihydroxy-3,6,7,4'-tetramethoxy flavone(Ⅵ),methyl phenol(Ⅶ),7-hydroxy coumarin(Ⅷ),7-methoxy coumarin(Ⅸ),caffeic acid(Ⅹ),?-sitosterol(Ⅺ),6,7-dihydroxy coumarin(ⅩⅡ),and 7-hydroxy-5,6-dimethoxy coumarin(ⅩⅢ).Conclusion All these compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Memantine ; therapeutic use ; Platelet Activating Factor ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the early-pathologic changes in children′s antrum infected with different types of Hp and study the Hp isolate′s pathogenic.Methods The serum types of CagA and VacA from Hp were determined by Westen-Blot in 70 patients with Hp positive and 36 patients with Hp negative.The standard of gastritis pathologic classification was accordance with that of international made in Sydney. The pathogenic of Hp affecting was evaluated by the degree of inflammation, severity of active gastritis,lymph follicles and atrophy.Results The detection rate of type Ⅰwith high virulence in Hp isolates was 68.1%,mid-type isolates was 27.7% and type Ⅱ with low virulence isolates was 4.2%.To observe the pathologic distinction in 49 patients with type Ⅰisolate,20 patients with mid-type isolate and 3 patients with type Ⅱ isolate,the type Ⅰ and mid-type isolates had significant difference in inflammation and their activity in either antrum or duodenal ampulla.Three patients with type Ⅱ isolate have not active gastritis.Type Ⅰand mid-type isolates had significant difference in lymph follicles,and the lymph follicles caused by type Ⅰwere significant higher than those caused by mid-type.But there were no significant differences in intestinal metaplasia and atrophy.Conclusions TypeⅠisolate with high virulence is the main detection isolate of children infected by Hp in our district.There is inflammation occurrence in antrum specimens in childhood who infected with Hp.

Traditional herbal medicines, Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium and Panax notoginseng, attract our attention for their extensive and powerful pharmacological activities. Ginsenosides are the main active constituents of these medicinal herbs. The related glycosyltransferases involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis are the key enzymes which catalyze the last important step. Modification of ginsenoside aglycones by glycosyltransferases produces the complexity and diversity of ginsenosides, which have more extensive pharmacological activity. At present, ginsenoside aglycones and compound K have been obtained by synthetic biology. As the last step of ginsenoside biosynthesis, glycosylation of ginsenoside aglycones has been studied intensively in recent years. This review summarizes the basic strategies and research advances in studies on glycosyltransferases involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis, which is expected to lay the theoretical foundation for the in-depth research of biosynthetic pathway of ginsenosides and their production by synthetic biology.
Biosynthetic Pathways ; Ginsenosides ; biosynthesis ; Glycosyltransferases ; metabolism ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Synthetic Biology

Pichia pastoris is one of the most important systems used in the field of molecular biology for the expression of recombinant proteins. The system has advantages of high expression, high stability, high secretion, easy high-density fermentation and low cost. Many factors affect the expression of recombinant protein, such as gene copy number, codon usage preference, type of promoter, molecular chaperones, glycosylation, signal peptide and fermentation process. In this review, research advances of the above aspects are summarized, which lay a foundation for improving the expression of recombinant proteins in P. pastoris.
Fermentation ; Gene Dosage ; Glycosylation ; Molecular Chaperones ; Pichia ; metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Sorting Signals ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis

Lanosterol synthase is encoded by the erg7 gene and catalyzes the cyclization of 2, 3-oxidosqualene, which is a rate-limiting step of the inherent mevalonate (MVA)/ergosterol metabolic pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The intermediate 2, 3-oxidosqualene is also the precursor of triterpenoids. Therefore, the cyclization of 2, 3-oxidosqualene is the key branch point of ergosterol and triterpenoids biosynthesis. Down-regulation of 2, 3-oxidosqualene metabolic flux to ergosterol in S. cerevisiae may redirect the metabolic flux toward the triterpenoid synthetic pathway reconstructed by the synthetic biology approach. To construct erg7 knockout cassette harboring the loxP-Marker-loxP element, long primers were designed, which were homologous to the sequences of both erg7 ORF and plasmid pUG66. The cassette was transformed into diploid wild strain INVSc1 by LiAc/SS Carrier DNA/PEG method and then erg7 gene haploid deficient mutant was obtained by homologous recombination. The results of semiquantitative PCR and real-time quantitative PCR revealed that erg7 expression level in erg7 gene haploid deficient mutant is one time lower than that in wild strain. The results of TLC and HPLC showed that the ergosterol content in deficient mutant decreased to 42% of that in wild strain.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; DNA Primers ; Down-Regulation ; Ergosterol ; metabolism ; Haploidy ; Intramolecular Transferases ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; genetics ; Squalene ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the efficacy of Xiaoyao Powder (XYP) combined with interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) in treating HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and the effect on their quality of life (QOL).

METHODSTotally 193 patients with HBeAg-positive CHB confirmed by liver biopsy were randomly assigned to 2 groups, Group A (94 cases) and Group B (99 cases). IFN-alpha1b was subcutaneously injected to patients in Group A at the dose of 50 microg, thrice per week. Those in Group B additionally took XYP. The therapeutic course for all was 24 weeks. Clinical efficacy was observed by assessing ALT restoration rate, HBeAg negative rate, HBeAg conversion rate, HBV DNA negative rate, complete response rate, partial response rate, and symptoms integral. The evaluation of QOL was performed by using chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ) score. Adverse reaction occurrence rate was observed in the two groups.

RESULTSBetter effects were obtained in Group A on ALT restoration rate, HBeAg negative rate, HBV DNA negative rate, complete response rate, partial response rate, TCM symptoms integral, the total effective rate of TCM sysmptoms, CLDQ score, and adverse reaction rates, showing statistical difference when compared with Group B (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONXYP could elevate the efficacy of TCM symptoms of HBeAg-positive CHB patients and anti-viral effect, improve their QOL, and reduce adverse reaction of IFN-alpha.

Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Quality of Life ; Treatment Outcome

AIM:To investigate the safety and effect of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery with Cionni modified capsular tension ring (MCTR) implantation in the management of traumatic lens subluxation.METHODS: Totally 11 patients (11 eyes) with traumatic lens subluxation were divided into three groups according to the severity of lens dislocation, ranging from 90° to 120° (4 eyes), 120° to 180° (5 eyes) and 180° to 270° (2 eyes).The contact LenSx femtosecond laser cataract surgery platform was applied to create the capsulotomy, prepare nuclear fragmentation and make corneal wound creation.Anterior vitrectomy was performed in some patients during the surgery.After capsular retractors insertion and phacoemulsification, the MCTR was inserted to the capsular bag and fixed to the sclera.Finally, the IOL was implanted into the capsular bag.Postoperative visual acuity, intra-and post-operative complications, anterior capsular opening, IOL and MCTR position and intraocular pressure (IOP) were assessed.RESULTS:The duration of follow-up was 2mo.All the operations were completed successfully.Five eyes underwent cataract surgery combined with anterior vitrectomy.Four eyes had been inserted with 2-eyelet MCTR and seven eyes with 1-eyelet MCTR.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after operation was better than 0.5 in 4 eyes, between 0.3 and 0.5 in 3 eyes, between 0.1 and 0.3 in 3 eyes, and less than 0.1 in 1 eye.Compared with preoperative BCVA, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).All the IOLs were stably centered and the eyelet of MCTR was fixated steadily between the iris and the anterior capsule.The common intra-and post-operative complications were subconjunctival hemorrhage, incomplete capsulotomy, residual cortex, secondary glaucoma and posterior capsular opacification.CONCLUSION:Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery can improve the success rate of capsulorhexis, and reduce the difficulty of nuclear fragmentation.Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with MCTR implantation is an ideal surgical method for traumatic lens subluxation.