Objective T o analyse the m etabolic changes in urine of rats w ith brodifacoum intoxication, and to reveal the m olecular m echanism of brodifacoum-induced toxicity on rats. Methods B y establish-ing a brodifacoum poisoning rats m odel, the urine m etabolic profiling data of rats w ere acquired using high performance liquid chromatography-timeofflightmassspectrometry (HPLC-TOF-M S).The orthogo-nal partial least squares analysis-discrim ination analysis (O PLS-D A ) w as applied for the m ultivariate statistics and the discovery of differential m etabolites closely related to toxicity of brodifacoum . Results O PLS-D A score plot show ed that the urinary m etabolic at different tim e points before and after drug adm inistration had good sim ilarity w ithin tim e period and presented clustering phenom enon. C om paring the urine sam ples of rats before drug adm inistration w ith w hich after drug adm inistration, tw enty-tw o m etabolites related to brodifacoum-induced toxicity w ere selected. Conclusion T he toxic effect of brodi-facoum w orked by disturbing the m etabolic pathw ays in rats such as tricarboxylic cycle, glycolysis, sphin-golipid m etabolism and tryptophan m etabolism , and the toxicity of brodifacoum is characterized of accu-m ulation effect. The m etabonom ic m ethod based on urine H PLC-TO F-M S can provide a novel insight into the study on m olecular m echanism of brodifacoum-induced toxicity.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; Dust ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Industry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Transients and Migrants ; psychology ; Young Adult

China ; Dust ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Manufactured Materials ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; statistics & numerical data ; Occupational Health

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; statistics & numerical data ; Pesticides ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Sampling Studies ; Young Adult

A sensitive LC-MS/MS method to determine cocaine and its major metabolite benzoylecgonine in guinea pig's hair has been established. About 20 mg of decontaminated hair sample was hydrolyzed with 0.1 mol·L-1 HCl at 50 ℃ overnight, in the presence of cocaine-d3 and benzoylecgonine-d8 used as internal standards, and then extracted with dichlormethane. The analysis was performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Positive electrospray ionization (ESI+) and multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) mode were used. The limit of detection (LOD) for cocaine and benzoylecgonine was 1 pg·mg-1. The calibration curves of extracted standards were linear over the range from 5 pg·mg-1 to 250 pg·mg-1 (r2≥0.999 7). The method was validated and applied to the analysis of guinea pig's hair after a single dose administration of cocaine hydrochloride. Cocaine and benzoylecgonine were not only detected, but also quantified in guinea pigs hair.

OBJECTIVETo establish the quality standard of Entadae Semen, and provide scientific basis for its quality control.

METHODTLC and HPLC were used for qualitative identification and quantitative analysis of phaseoloidin and entadamide A-O-β-D-glucopyranoside in Entadae Semen. The test of water content, ash and ethanol-soluble extractives of Entadae Semen was carried out according to the methods recorded in appendix of Chinese Pharmacopeia (2010 edition).

RESULTThe TLC was well separated with clear spots. The linear range of phaseoloidin was between 0.014 to 2.747 g x L(-1) (r = 0.999 6, n = 9) with an average recovery rate of 101.06% (RSD 0.90%, n = 6); the linear range of entadamide A-O-β-D-glucopyranoside was between 0.002 to 0.452 g x L(-1) (r = 0.999 7, n = 9) withan average recovery rate of 101.52% (RSD 1.09%, n = 6). The content of phaseoloidin in sample is between 5.12% to 9.24%, entadamide A-O-β-D-glucopyranoside is between 0.55% to 2.17%, alcohol-soluble extracts is between 30.9% to 45.2%, water is between 6.6% to 8.6%, and total ash is between 2.4% to 2.9%.

CONCLUSIONThe established standard is acceptable for quality control of Entadae Semen.

China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Fabaceae ; chemistry ; Quality Control

This study is to determine six chlorogenic acids (chlorogenic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid) by quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single marker (QAMS). Chlorogeinc acid was used as internal reference to calculate the relative correction factors (RCF) of five compounds. Then the ruggedness of relative correction factors was tested on different instruments and columns. Meanwhile, a total of 4 batches of Lonicerae Flos and 20 batches of Lonicerae Flos extract with five different processing procedures were analyzed by external standard method (ESM) and QAMS, respectively. The ruggedness of relative correction factors was good. And the analytical results calculated by ESM and QAMS showed no difference. The quantitative method established was suitable for the quality evaluation of Lonicerae Flos extract.
Biomarkers ; analysis ; Chlorogenic Acid ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Lonicera ; chemistry

0.37).Meanwhile a good correlation (Y=0.99X-0.18,r=0.987) was obtained. Though Westergren method correlated preferably with MICROTEST 1 (Y=0.86X+1.27,r=0.906),there was a markedly different (t=3.174,P=0.001).At last different references values were collected, according to sex and age.Male,32.5 mm/1 h(60 years old);Female, 34.03 mm/1 h(50 years old).Conclusions MICROTEST 1 correlated preferably with Westergren method.The examination by MICROTEST 1 needs small quantity of sample and fewer time.Furthermore,it has good repeatability and stability.The factors such as temperature and Hct have little influence on the results.The result suggested that it is suitable to apply MICROTEST 1 to large- scale clinical laboratory or other labs.But the reference value of ESR was influenced by age,which should be considered in clinical usage.

The construction of teaching team is a very important part of quality project of higher education in China. The objective of team construction is to renew the teaching content, to develop the teaching resource, to facilitate the study on methodology and exchange of experience, to strengthen echelon construc- tion and to improve on teaching quality. The Microbiology Curricula Team of Wuhan University is one of the first authorized teaching teams of Hubei Province in 2007. It became one of the first national-level teaching teams in the field of microbiology in 2008. This paper focuses on the feature and the train of thought of the construction and development of the team.

There are several special advantages of the application of standardized patients ( SPs) in the assessments of clinical skills examination of medical practitioners .However , this application in China is restricted by some limit factors, such as the shortage of SP trainers and SPs , the huge funds needed and the imbalance of regional develop-ment.The suggestion to overcome those limitation and to promote SPs be applied to the clinical skills examination of medical practitioners are as follow: the preparatory of regional university union of SPs , the introduction of social capital to participate in and the adoption of the mode of scale operation .