Objective To study the chemical constituents in the immature fruits of Momordica charantia. Methods Isolation and purification were carried out by macroporous absorption resin and silica gel, and compounds were identified and elucidated by spectral and chemical methods. Results Ten compounds were obtained from alcohol extract and five of them were determined as germanicyl acetate (Ⅰ), aglycone of momordicoside Ⅰ (Ⅱ), aglycone of momordicoside L (Ⅲ), charantin (Ⅳ), and ?-sitosterol (Ⅴ). Conclusion For all the first time, compound Ⅰ is found in the plants of Momordica L., compound Ⅱ is found as novel natural product in this plant, and compound Ⅲ is found in China.

Objective To study the chemical constituents in Momordica charantia.Methods The alcohol extract was isolated by macroporous adsorption resin and silica gel,and the compound structures were identified by spectral methods.Results Two couple isomers were isolated,the structure of one couple was identified as 19R-5?,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3?,19-diol(Ⅰa)and 19S-5?,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3?,19-diol(Ⅰb);the structure of the other couple was identified as 3-O-glucopyranoside of 5?,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3-ol(Ⅱa),and 3-O-allopyranoside of 5?,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23,25-trien-3-ol(Ⅱb).Conclusion New compounds Ⅰa,Ⅰb,Ⅱa,and Ⅱb are isolated from M.charantia for the first time.

OBJECTIVETo determine the recognition of healthy medical students on deqi after acupuncture, reveal the qualitative and quantitative rules of deqi and understand whether these rules are the factors of the clinical application of acupuncture therapy.

METHODSThe class questionnaires were used for the investigation study on the understanding of deqi after acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) or Zusanli (ST 36) in 86 healthy students in the clinical medicine class.

RESULTS(1) Deqi was a kind of complicated compound feelings, with many sensation qualities such as distending pain, distension and pain. (2) Deqi was a kind of mild and moderate sensations. In 10-score credit sys tem of Massachusetts General Hospital acupuncture sensation scale (MASS), the scores of distending pain (4.69 +/- 2.83), distension (4.39 +/- 2.91) and soreness and distension (3.93 +/- 2.93) were around 5 (moderate degree), the scores of stabbing pain (1.89 +/- 2.02) were around 2 (mild degree). (3) The differences in the quantitative scores were significant for stabbing pain, distending pain, distention, soreness and distention and the others before and after treatment (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONDeqi of acupuncture is the mild and moderate complicated sensations manifested as distension, soreness, pain and numbness. As the invasive therapy, the filiform needle puncture will bring a certain psychological impacts on the receptors. The subjective sensation is possibly the factor for the patients' selection of acupuncture treatment.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Needles ; Qi ; Schools, Medical ; Sensation ; Young Adult

Thyroid hormone is an important hormone for regulating cell differentiation,growth and metabolism.Many studies have shown that thyroid hormone can induce turmor angiogenesis after binding with the integrin ανβ3 receptor at cell surface.Tetraiodothyroacetic acid is the analogue of thyroid hormone,and can inhibit tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting the binding of thyroid hormone with integrin ανβ3.Studying the role of thyroid hormone in promoting tumor angiogenesis may provide a new approach for molecular targeted therapy of tumor.

Objective To establish a military disease prevention and control website to achieve dissemination of disease control information , resource sharing , business communication in the whole army , and popularize relevant knowledge of disease prevention and control promotion among the troops .Methods Based on the content management system and meta-data repository platform,B/S system architecture, JSP,MySQL and other programming techniques and tools were used to complete the system development .Results The military disease prevention and control website we designed has been for-mally launched ,which was able to implement a set of functions such as content distribution , full-text retrieval ,classification and aggregation of knowledge , online consultation .Conclusion This website plays a positive role in enhancing military prevention and control ,popularizing relevant laws and regulations ,meeting the health needs of the army soldiers and impro-ving the ability of disease prevention in grass-roots units.

Objective Carry out the reform of the online learning mode of prehospital training for refresher doctors , and evaluate the effect of reform in Peking Union Medical College Hospital .Methods An exploration was carried out on the refresher doctors prehospital training mode from traditional classroom teaching to online learning , Estab-lished the online learning system .Evaluated the effect of online learning by the way of questionnaire investigation andreexaminationamong289refresherdoctors.Results 289refresherdoctorshavecompletedthestructuredon-line courses of prehospital training , and the average pass rate of the first test was 42.2%.The questionnaire and retest was conducted , A total of 262 doctors completed the work , The recovery rate was 90.7%, and the average pass rate of retest was 74.9%, showing improvement by 32.7%.Conclusions Online learning mode is an effec-tive tool for knowledge dissemination , and has a better learning effect .

Objective To establish the model of glioma by hypodermic of C6 cells line into the nude mice and observe the growth characteristics. Methods The C6 gliocyte suspension was injected into the left subaxillary hypoderma of nude mice. The diameter and the volume of the tumor were measured and calculated, and the volume-time growth curve was plotted. The cells of tumor were observed under the HE and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immono-histochemistry staining. Results The tumor appeared in inoculation area 7 d after injection, and presented nearly exponential development after about 20 d. The survival time of the nude mice is 22～48 d. The tumors were with sharp border, affluent blood vessel, and a great number of GFAP-positive cells. Conclusion The model of glioma can be well induced by hypodermic of the cultured C6 gliocyte into nude mouse.

Objective To construct a cell line with long time secreting endostatin. Methods Human endostatin cDNA containing interleukin-2 (IL-2) secreting peptide was cloned into eukaryotic expression plasmid pSNA2.0 to construct recombinant plasmid pSNA2.0/Endostatin. The plasmid pSNA2.0/Endostatin was transfected into HEK293 cells by cationic liposome. The positive cell clones were selected by G418 and named hED/293. The expression of endostatin protein was analyzed by Western-blot. Results Endostatin could be determined in the supernatant of hED/293 cells. Conclusion The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector is correctly constructed. The human endostatin protein can be expressed and secreted.

Objective To establish a method for isolation of cynomolgus monkey umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.Methods Fresh cynomolgus monkey umbilical cord was directly minced into pasty fine pieces, and the pieces were cultured in tissue flask with DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum.The morphological characteristics of the resulting cells were examined, and their expression of mesenchymal cell surface markers were analyzed by flow cytometry.The multidifferentiation potential was examined in vitro, too.Results The fibroblast-like cells were successfully isolated from the fresh umbilical cord by an adherent culture procedure.These adherent cells expressed mesenchymal markers including CD29, CD44, and CD90, and also could be induced to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes.Conclusion Mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from fresh cynomolgus monkey umbilical cord by using an adherent culture procedure.

Purpose Dual-energy coronary artery CT angiography (CTA) is a very promising one-stop examine, but the radiation dose is too high to hinder the development of the technology. The aim of this article is to explore the feasibility of low tube current combined with sonogram-affirmed iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE) technology in dual energy coronary artery CTA scan. Materials and Methods One hundred and twenty patients were randomly divided into four groups according to the tube current of A ball:conventional group (180 mAs) and low-dose groups (150 mAs, 120 mAs, 90 mAs). The SAFIRE 3 reconstruction method was used in the low-dose groups. The differences of mean CT values, image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), image quality score and effective dose (ED) of the four groups were compared. Results The coronary artery segment display and the mean CT value of the four groups showed no statistic difference (P>0.05), while the image quality score, noise, SNR, and CNR showed statistic difference (P<0.05). The image quality score, SNR, and CNR was highest in the 150 mAs group, but noise was the lowest. There were no statistic difference of the image quality score, SNR, and CNR between the 180 mAs group and 90 mAs group (P>0.05). The ED was (5.50±1.47) mSv, (4.55±1.16) mSv, (3.41±0.77) mSv and (2.44±0.67) mSv, respectively for the four groups, and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). ED of 90 mAs group decreased 55.62% than that of 180 mAs group. Conclusion Coronary artery CTA using 90 mAs combined with SAFIRE can significantly reduce the radiation dose without losing image quality, thus it has a good prospect of clinical application.