A method of observation, examination and record was introduced in this paper, which was applicable for microorganism materials (example : bacteria, yeast moulds), animal and plant materials (example: animal tissue, flowers), bio-masromolecule (example: starch), industrial crystals, metallograph tests and general physics tests, through the hyphae, spores, spore sacs, expanding hyphae in fermentation and riboflavin crystals of E. ashbyii T30 (a riboflavin high-yield strain) had been observed.

Animals ; Arthritis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of laminin and laminin-receptor in pulmonary carcinoma and cancer metastasis as well as prognosis.Methods Techniques of immune histochemistry were used.Results The higher the pathological grade of pulmonary carcinoma was, the higher the level of expression of laminin was. There were significant differences betweenⅠgrade group andⅡgrade group and Ⅲ grade group and Ⅳ grade group. The expression of laminin was also related to lymph node metastasis (P

Calcium Pyrophosphate ; metabolism ; Cartilage, Articular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chondrocalcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gout ; pathology ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; metabolism ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis ; etiology ; pathology ; Radiography

Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; methods ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; Survival Rate ; Tamoxifen ; therapeutic use

Objective To research the expression and clinical significance of SALL 4 gene in cervical cancer .Methods The ex-pression of SALL4 in 56 samples of cervical cancer and 35 samples of normal cervical tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR ,and its relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics of cervical cancer was analyzed .Results The expres-sion of SALL4 mRNA was 2 .56 ± 0 .22 in cervical cancer tissues ,which was significantly higher than 0 .38 ± 0 .03 in the normal cer-vical tissues .the difference between them had statistical significance(t=58 .1 ,P<0 .01);the positive expression rate of SALL4 pro-tein was 80 .4% (45/56) in cervical cancer ,which was significantly higher than 11 .4% (4/35) in the normal cervical tissues (χ2 =41 .177 ,P<0 .01) .The positive expression of SALL4 in the cervical cancer tissues was correlated with the differentiation status of tumor ,which in the middle and high differentiation groups was lower than that in the low differentiation group (χ2 =4 .226 ,P=0 .039) ,but had no correlation with age ,International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage ,tumor size ,pathologi-cal type and lymph node metastasis(P>0 .05) .Conclusion SALL4 is highly expressed in the cervical cancer tissues and correlated with the tumor differentiation ,which might play an important role in the occurrence and development of cervical cancer .

Objective To measure the temperature sensation threshold of trunk skin in healthy adults. Methods The threshold of cold sensation, warm sensation, cold pain sensation and heat pain sensation of trunk skin key points (T3, T7 and T11) were measured with Thermal Sensory Analyzer in 123 healthy adults. Results The thresholds of cold, warm, cold pain and heat pain sensations were obtained. The standard deviation of cold and warm threshold was less than that of heat pain. The range of cold sensation threshold was the largest. The heat pain sensation threshold increased with segmental declining and the sensation threshold increased with age. Conclusion Normal reference value should be established variously with the segment and age. The threshold of cold, warm varies less, while the threshold of cold pain and heat pain varies too much.

To understand the impact of salvianolate injection treatment of liver and kidney function using different from the hospital information system nationwide 18 large three hospitals (hospital information system, HIS) to extract using salvianolate age 18-80 years-old patient, a total of 10 470 cases, depending on the treatment used to have two times before and after treatment 7 d aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase patients (ALT), serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) measurement indicators grouped according salvianolate continuous use different treatment patients were divided into two groups, continuous medication time > 14 d were defined as the observation group, ≤ 14 d were defined as the control group, continuous medication longer than 31 d were not included in the analysis. Each index number of the observation group and the control group were: ALT (268/1 465), AST (270/1 585), Cr (278/1 582), BUN (278/1 611). After using propensity score methods to balance two groups of covariates, based on unweighted logistic regression logistic regression propensity score weighting combined with propensity score weighting to adjust for covariates logistic regression of liver and kidney function in the two groups were analyzed. The results showed: three logistic regression analysis showed no likelihood of ALT, AST, Cr targets two groups of patients with abnormal statistically significant difference, continuous medication time > 14 d may increase the risk of abnormal BUN indicators, comprehensive analysis still can not explain use different treatment of patients salvianolate cause liver and kidney toxicity damage, still large prospective randomized controlled trials further study.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; metabolism ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Creatinine ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Injections ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult

Adolescent ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Bone Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chondrosarcoma, Mesenchymal ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hemangiopericytoma ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Sarcoma, Synovial ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To examine an in vivo method for the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into thymic epithelial cells (TECs) in mice. Methods Green fluorescent protein-expressing iPS cells, derived from C57BL/6 mice, were injected into blastocysts from ICR mice. Chimeric blastocysts were then transferred into uteri of E2.5 pseudopregnant mice. Chimeric mouse could be identified by coat color 10 days after birth. The chimeric thymus was transplanted under the renal capsule of BALB/c nude mice. The spleen was cut out from the thymus-transplanted nude mice and the cells were dispersed and analyzed by a flow cytometer 4 weeks after transplantation. Results Chimeras were born 17 days after embryo transfer and 13 live-born chimeras were obtained. The contribution of iPSC-derived cells in the chimeras ranged from 5% to at most 90%. Typical thymic epithelium structure consisted of green fluorescent protein-expressing cells in chimera. The iPSCs-derived thymic epithelial cells could support the generation of new T cells. Conclusion The results indicate that mouse iPS cells can differentiate in vivo towards normally functioning TECs.