Objective To investigate the effect of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on the disruption of tight junctions in rat glomerular endothelial cells (rGEnCs) and the role of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in this pathological procedure.Methods Primary cultured rGEnCs were incubated with AGEs at concentrations of 20 mg/L,40 mg/L and 80 mg/L,for 6 h,12 h and 24 h respectively.The cells were treated with captopril (1 mmol/L) or valsartan (10 μ mol/L)to block RAS.The endothelial permeability was investigated by transendothelial electrical resistance and the flux of fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated bovine serum albumin.The expression of AGEs receptor (RAGE),tight junction proteins [occludin,claudin-5,junctional adhesion molecules A (JAM-A) and zona occludens-1 (ZO-1)]and RAS components [angiotensinogen,renin and angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor (AT1)]were detected by Western blotting.Immunofluorescence was used to demonstrate the disruptions of the tight junction proteins.The activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) was evaluated by UV spectrophotometry.Angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ ) was measured by enzyme immunoassay.Results The monolayer permeability,the expression of RAGE,the activity of ACE,the concentration of Ang Ⅱ and the expression of AT1 of rGEnCs were increased after induced by AGEs.Meanwhile,AGEs decreased the expression of occludin,claudin5 and JAM-A and induced disruption of tight junction proteins.Pretreatment with anti-RAGE antibody (100 mg/L),captopril or valsartan could attenuate the detrimental effect of AGEs.Conclusion The changes of permeability induced by AGEs in glomerular endothelial cells are partly mediated by RAS through RAGE.

Objective To explore the effect of high glucose on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in rat glomerular endothelial cells and its probable mechanism.Methods Rat glomerular endothelial cells were stimulated by culture medium containing 5 mmol/L or 30 mmol/L glucose (with or without pre-treatment of captopril and chymostatin) for 12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h.ELISA,real-time PCR,Western blotting and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy were employed to examine the follows:the angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ ) concentration in cell lysate and the culture medium; the mRNA levels of angiotensinogen and renin; the protein levels of angiotensin Ⅱtype 1 receptor (AT1R),angiotensin Ⅱ type 2 receptor (AT2R),renin and angiotensinogen in cell lysate; localization of intracellular AT1R,AT2R and renin.Results Exposure to high glucose for only 12 h or 72 h resulted in a significant increase of Ang Ⅱ levels in the culture medium compared with control cells (P＜0.05),but only exposure to high glucose for 72 h resulted in a significant increase of Ang Ⅱ levels in the cell lysate compared with control cells (P＜0.05).However,exposure to high glucose for 24 h or 48 h had no effects on Ang Ⅱ levels in the cell lysate or culture medium.The captopril and chymostatin were able to antagonize high glucose induced Ang Ⅱ generation when exposure time was 72 h but not 12 h.Exposure to high glucoseincreased the mRNA level of angiotensinogen,but reduced the level of renin mRNA,meanwhile angiotensinogen protein increased,and AT1 protein reduced,but protein levels of AT2R and renin were unchanged.However,the transformation of AT2R from the cell nucleus to cytoplasm was observed.Conclusions High glucose can activate the local renin-angiotensin system in rat glomerular endothelial cells,and the probable mechanism may contribute to ACE and non-ACE pathways.The effects of high glucose on glomerular endothelial cells may also involve in the substrate and receptors of Ang Ⅱ.

Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of different intracranial stents assisted coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms and to discuss the selection of different stent assisted embolization of intracranial aneurysm.Methods From 2007 April to 2012 April,118 cases (a total of 128 wide-neck aneurysms) with intracranial aneurysms were analyzed retrospectively.This included the use of 70 neuroform,38 Enterprise,and 20 Solitaire AB stents forthe treatment of intracranial aneurysms.The successful use,aneurysm occlusion at the immediate post-operation,and early period of peri-operative complications were recorded from those clinical data in order to assess the effectiveness and safety of the different intracranial stents,which assisted coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms.Rank sum test and x2 test were used for statistics.Results Three aneurysms assisted with Neuroform stent were planted unsuccessfully,and the Enterprise and Solitaire stents were placed successfully.The embolism results of three stents after immediate postoperative angiography aneurysm: Neuroform stent occlusion rate was 40.0％ (28/ 70),the tumor residual rate was 38.6 ％ (27/70),and the partial embolization rate was 21.4 ％ (15/70) ; The Enterprise stent occlusion rate was 42.1％ (16/38),the tumor residual rate was 36.8 ％ (14/38),and the partial embolization rate was 21.1％ (8/38).The Solitaire AB stent occlusion rate was 40.0 ％ (8/20),the tumor residual rate was 35.0 ％ (7/20),and the partial embolization rate was 25.0 ％ (5/20).There were not significant differences in aneurismal occlusion (H =0.12,P ＞ 0.05).Early peri-operative complications results were: Neuroform stent occurred in 7,Enterprise frame in 4,and Solitaire AB stent occurred in 2.There were no significant differences in the incidence of complications in the early period after coiling (x2 =0,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Three kinds of intracranial stents assisted embolization of intracranial aneurysms are applied safely and effectively.The stent may be chosen according to morphology of parent artery and stent biological character.

Objective To evaluate the predictability of MSCT perfusion in the restorability of renal function of hydronephrotie kidneys with unilateral partial ureteric obstructed rabbit model as to explore a method to predict the restorability of renal function of hydronephrotic kidneys and to investigate the changes of MSCT perfusion parameters during the course of the restore of renal function.Methods Establish a unilateral partial ureteric obstructed rabbits hydronephrotie model.Hydronephrotie rabbits were grouped as control,2,4 and 8 week(G_2w,G_4w and G_8w)after obstruction and the later 3 groups of rabbits were reared for further 4 weeks after the obstruction was released.MSCT perfusion scanning was performed and the specimen was made into histological slices with HE staining.Results BF and BV value of renal cortex and medulla of G_2w after obstruction [(864?32)ml?100 g~(-1)?min~(-1),(19.5?0.9)ml/100 g (cortex ); (182.1?7.5)ml?100g~(-1)?min~(-1),(8.37?0.51)ml/100g(medulla)]was released restored in substance and approached that of control[(899?63)ml?100g~(-1)?min~(-1),(21.6 + 1.4)ml/100 g (cortex);(193.5?16.5 )ml?100g~(-1)?min~(-1),(8.50?0.54 )ml/100 g (medulla)]while there was no significant restore in that of G_4w and G_8w after obstruction[(525?15)ml?100g~(-1)?min~(-1),(12.8? 0.6)ml/100g (G_4 w);(512?10)ml?100g~(-1)?min~(-1),(9.4?1.0)ml/100 g (G_8w)] was released. Histologically,there was a positive correlation between the duration of obstruction and the seriousness of pathologic changes.Conclusion MSCT perfusion can provide information not only morphologically but also about renal perfusion of hydronephrotic kidneys.

A biosurfactant-producing strain(S_6)was isolated from oil-containing wastewater in oxidation ditch and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on physiological and biochemical experiments and 16S rDNA sequence analysis.Infrared spectrum analysis revealed that S_6 produced glucolipid in the process of metabolism.It was observed that S_6 decreased the surface tension of water from 72 mN/m to 33.9 mN/m with the critical micelle concentration(CMC)of 50mg/L.The measurement of oil displacement and surface tension demonstrated that the fermented liquid had stable surface activity at varying range of salinity,pH,amount of dissolved oxygen.The optimal culture condition was obtained through orthogonal experiment:glucose 10g/L,urea 5g/L,KH_2PO_4 1g/L,liquor of microelement 2mL,pH 8.0,water 1000mL;and the biosurfactant production under optimal culture condition was 0.173g/L.

Objective To explore the effects of different exercise modes of ball-holding on preventing peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) related thrombus, so as to provide a basis for formulating scientific nursing intervention. Methods From June to November 2017, this study selected 86 cancer patients with chemotherapy through PICC of Oncology Department in First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital by purposive sampling. All of the patients from two wards of Oncology Department were divided into the experimental group and the control group by tossing a coin. Patients of the experimental group carried out ball-holding 25 times to 30 times after 3 meals each day with clenching for 10 seconds, loosening 10 seconds and grip strength according to that the ball was compressed to one half. Patients of the control group accepted conventional nursing that ball-holding was implemented 3 times, a total of 500 times. Color Doppler ultrasound was used to dynamically observe the blood flow velocity, incidence, formation position, formation time and classification of thrombus as well as other complications after indwelling catheter. The SAS 9.4 was used to statistical analysis. Results This study involved 42 patients in the experimental group and 41 patients in the control group after removing missing patients. The maximum velocity of axillary vein of patients in experimental group before and 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 days after indwelling catheter was (16.12±3.62), (15.83±3.07), (15.69±3.01), (15.05±2.49), (14.46±3.85), (15.47±2.95) and (14.75±2.91) cm/s respectively. There was no significant difference in blood flow velocity before indwelling catheter between two groups (t=-0.54, P=0.594 5). But, there were significant differences in blood flow velocity 21 and 28 days after indwelling catheter between two groups (t=-5.00,-4.69; P<0.000 1). The difference of the maximum velocity in interaction between groups and different time points was significant (F=22.23, P<0.000 1). The average velocity per unit time of axillary vein of experimental group before indwelling catheter and 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 days after indwelling catheter was (9.97±3.01), (9.69±2.61), (9.72±2.49), (8.88±1.47), (8.55±2.20), (9.48±2.71), (9.26±2.73) cm/s respectively. There was no significant difference in average velocity before indwelling catheter between two groups (t=0.07, P=0.945 9). After indwelling catheter, there were significant differences in average velocity 21 and 28 days after indwelling catheter between two groups (t=-4.60,-4.48; P<0.000 1). There was also a significant difference in average velocity per unit time of axillary vein among the interaction between groups and different points (F=9.84, P<0.000 1). The flow velocity of axillary vein of two groups declined over time 14 days before indwelling catheter. The flow velocity of experimental group gradually rose over time 14 days after indwelling catheter and was with a fall after rise 21 days after reaching peak value; the flow velocity of control group remarkably slowed over time. A significant difference was found in incidence of catheter related thrombus between two groups (P<0.05). The incidence of thrombus of control group constantly rose over time (χ2=6.158, P=0.013). There was also significant difference in incidence of other catheter related thrombus complications between two groups (χ2=5.760,P=0.016) . Conclusions The modes of ball-holding of experimental group can make the flow velocity of axillary vein in a high level and be propitious to prevent blood stagnation, reduce the incidences of thrombus and other catheter related thrombus complications. It is worth to be used in clinical application.

Objective To investigate the effect of Tenascin-C on remodeling of ventricle in mice with chronic autoimmune myocarditis.Methods Seventy-five specific pathogen-free BALB/c mice were divided into experimental group(n=45)and control group(n=30).Animals in experimental group were immunized with an emulsion of polypeptides(myhc-? 614-629)and complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA)on day 1 and day 8,while those in control group with equal volume of mixture of phosphate buffer solution(PBS)and CFA.Groups of mice were sacrificed respectively on day 21,day 75 and day 120 after the first immunization.Hematoxylin and eosin(H-E)staining was used to identify the areas of inflammation,and Masson staining was used to identify the areas of fibrosis.The Tenascin-C protein expression in myocardium was detected by Western blotting.The content of serum procollagen type-Ⅲ amino-terminal propeptide(PⅢNP)was measured by radioimmunoassay.The correlation between Tenascin-C protein expression and content of serum PⅢNP was analyzed.Results On day 21,inflammatory infiltration in the myocardium was remarkable,with slight deposition of collagen in the interstitial tissue.On day 75 and day 120,inflammatory infiltration in myocardium was markedly reduced,but with more marked deposition of collagen.The Tenascin-C protein expression in myocardium and the content of serum PⅢNP were significantly higher in experimental group than in control group(P

OBJECTIVETo study effects of different interval year on Panax notoginseng plant soils middle and micro element content.

METHODThe dynamic change of Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, B from Mabai, Matang, Gumu and Panlong were determined under different planting patterns (new soil, interval 5 years soil and continuous cropping soil).

RESULTAll the micro elements (except Ca, Mg) of interval 5 years soil and continuous cropping soil were significantly higher than those of new soil. All the middle and micro elements (except B) of interval 5 years soil were significantly higher than those of the continuous cropping soil. Planting patterns had remarkable influence on the content of Mn, Cu, B, but not Zn Ca, Mg. Cu, Ca under the 3 planting patterns, and Zn under the continuous cropping pattern did not show significant quarter changes. B content increased with the elongation of implantation time. Zn in new soil and interval 5 years also increased with prolonging of planted time. Mg, Mn and Cu content reached to peak value on April next year, and reached to minimum on the end of this experiment. Compared with new soil, the proportion of Mn, Cu in total elements increased by 29%, 114%, Mg, B decreased by 18%, 38%, Zn and Ca changed slightly of interval 5 years soils; In continuous cropping soil, Mn, Cu and B increased by 50%, 120%, 22%, respectively, but Zn, Ca, Mg had no significant change.

CONCLUSIONContinuous cropping pattern could not induce the deficient of soil middle and micro elements, and thereafter might not result in continuous cropping obstacles. But the imbalance proportional of soil middle and micro elements in P. notoginseng plant soils may be one of the main reasons for continuous cropping obstacles.

China ; Kinetics ; Panax notoginseng ; growth & development ; Soil ; chemistry ; Time Factors ; Trace Elements ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study effects of different interval year on Panax notoginseng plant soils macro element content.

METHODThe dynamic change of total N, P, K and available N, P, K in soil from Mabai, Matang, Gumu and Panlong was determined under different planting patterns (new soil, interval 5 years soil and continuous cropping soil).

RESULTContents order of soil total N, P and available N, P were interval 5 years soil > continuous cropping soil > new soil. No significant quarter change on soil total N was found, but the other three showed inverted "v" curve, and the peak value appeared on April 2010. Content of soil total K did not change significantly, but the available K content order was new soil > continuous cropping soil > interval 5 years soil, the quarter change was similar as soil available N or P. The soil total N, P, K and available N, P, K were different of the 4 monitoring sites under the 3 interval planting modes. There was a significant correlation between soil total P and available P under all these 3 interval planting modes, but N and K. The propitiation of N-P-K of new soil, interval 5 years soil and continuous cropping soil were 1: 0.4: 2.4, 1: 0.4:1.4, 1:0. 4:2.0, respectively.

CONCLUSIONContinuous cropping pattern induce the accumulation of P, but deficient of K. The imbalance proportion of N, P and K was one of the incentives of continuous cropping induced obstacles. Strengthen the research of optimum proportion of soil N, P and K, and then eliminate continuous cropping obstacles by means of formulated fertilization is the future research direction.

Agriculture ; methods ; Breeding ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Fertilizers ; analysis ; Nitrogen ; analysis ; metabolism ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Phosphorus ; analysis ; metabolism ; Potassium ; analysis ; metabolism ; Quality Control ; Soil ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of three different spinal rotation manipulations for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.

METHODSFrom September 2011 to April 2013,180 patients diagnosed as lumbar disc herniation were randomly divided into seat fixed rotation group (A), lateral position rotation group (B) and supine position rotation group (C) by using a digital table. Finally 10 patients were excluded and dropped, 170 patients were included in the study. There were 57 patients in group A, 57 patients in group B and 56 patients in group C. Baseline demographic characteristics of patients, clinical findings and indexes of health status had no statistically differences among three groups (P > 0.05). The manipulation was performed every other day, and the treatment duration for all patients was 3 weeks. Body pain (BP), Physical function (PF) in SF-36, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and adverse reactions were observed statistically 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, one year and two years after finishing treatment.

RESULTSBP, PF scores in 3 groups were significantly improved and ODI scores were significantly lower than those before treatment and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05); However, there was no significant difference among three groups in the BP, PF and ODI scores (P > 0.05). There were no obvious and serious adverse reactions among these groups.

CONCLUSIONBased on the theory of dislocation of bone joints in TCM, three kinds of spinal rotation manipulations can be used safely for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, and the efficacy was similar.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Male ; Manipulation, Spinal ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Rotation ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult