Effect of organic acids on the synthesis of 1,3 propanediol was studied.The adsorption of organic acids from glycerol fermentation liquor by ion-exchange resins was investigated.The results showed that organic acid and 1,3 propanediol production was in negative relationship.The static adsorption showed that ion-exchange resin 005 had the best adsorption abilities of the organic acids in the glycerol fermentation liquor.It was showed that the yield of 1,3propanediol increased by 166% after the extraction of organic acids from glycerol fermentation liquor and the convertion rate increased by 34%.

Aim To investigate the effects of metformin on phospho-signal transducers and activators of transcription 3(p-STAT3) expression in the spinal dorsal horn in rats with bone cancer pain(BCP).Methods Healthy female SD rats weighing 200~220 g were randomly divided into four groups(n=12 each): Sham+NS, Sham+Metformin, BCP+NS, BCP+Metformin groups.Normal saline or metformin(200 mg·kg-1) was given intraperitoneally once a day at 7~14 day after surgery in four groups.Mechanical withdrawal threshold(MWT) was measured on-1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 14 day after BCP.The L4-6 segments of spinal cords were used to detect the expression of p-STAT3 by Western blot and immunohistochemical staining technique after the behavioral test was completed on day 14.Results Intraperitoneal injection of metformin reversed hyperalgesia and suppressed the expression of p-STAT3 in BCP rats.Conclusion Metformin can attenuate BCP by inhibiting the expression of p-STAT3 in the spinal dorsal horn.

OBJECTIVETo estimate the feasibility of 16-multidetector spiral computed tomography (16-MDCT) on detecting coronary plaques in comparison with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).

METHODSSixty-eight patients suspected of coronary heart diseases were examined by 16-MDCT, quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and IVUS. Coronary stenosis was defined as lumen diameter reduction (DS) >or= 50%. Hounsfield units (HU) were used to determine different types of plaques: soft plaque (or= 120 HU).

RESULTSCompared to QCA, the sensitivity and the specificity for patients with DS >or= 50% were 91.8% (112/122) and 97.8% (556/568) respectively, the positive and negative predictive value were 90.3% (112/124) and 98.2% (556/566) respectively. In 96 plaques evaluated both by 16-MDCT and IVUS, 20 and 21 soft plaques, 37 and 36 fibrous plaques, 39 and 38 calcified plaques were identified by 16-MDCT and IVUS respectively. HU value of soft (11 +/- 36), fibrous (83 +/- 20), and calcified (292 +/- 80) plaques were significantly different (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSNoninvasive 16-MDCT could correctly estimate coronary stenosis and coronary plaques compositions.

Aged ; Atherosclerosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Coronary Angiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods ; Ultrasonography, Interventional

OBJECTIVETo establish osteoblast model, primary cilla model was removed by chloral hyrate, observe effects of osteoblast primary cilla moved on enhancing ALP staining and calcified nodules staining in electromagnetic field.

METHODSThree 3-day-old male SD rats weighed between 6 and 9 g were killed, cranial osteoblast was drawed and adherencing cultured respectively. Cells were subcultured and randomly divided into 4 groups until reach to fusion states. The four groups included chloral hydrate non-involved group (control group), 2 mM, 4 mM and 8 mM chloral hydrate group, and cultured in 37 °C, 5% CO2 incubator for 72 h. Morphology of primary cilla was observed by laser confocal scanning microscope, and incidence of osteoblast primary cilia was analyzed by Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software. Cells in the correct concentration group which can removed cillia most effectively were selected and divided into 3 groups, including control group (C), Electromagnetic fields group (EMFs), and EMFs with 4 mM chloral hydrate group. DMEM nutrient solution contained 10%FBS were added into three groups and cultured for 9 days and formation of ALP were observed by histochemical staining of alkaline phosphatase. After 12 days' cultivation, formation of mineralization nodes was observed by alizarin red staining.

RESULTSCompared with control group and 2mM chloral hydrate group,4 mM chloral hydrate group could effectively remove osteoblast primary cilla (P<0.01). Removal of osteoblast primary cilla could weaken the formation of ALP and mineralization nodes in osteoblast in EMFS. Compared with EMFs group, the area of ALP and mineralization nodes in EMFs with 4 mM chloral hydrate group were decreased obviously (P<0.01).

CONCLUSION4mM chloral hydrate could effectively remove osteoblast primary cilia. Primary cilla participate in EMFs promoting formation of ALP and mineralization nodes in osteoblast and provide new ideas for exploring mechanism of EMFs promoting osteoblast maturation and mineralization.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Chloral Hydrate ; pharmacology ; Cilia ; drug effects ; enzymology ; physiology ; Male ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; enzymology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To study the clinical significance of fecal smear examination on diagnosing intestinal flora imbalance in infantile diarrhea.Methods A sterile cotton swab was used to spread a layer of fresh feces quantum satis from a sterile container on a clean slide;the smear was fixed and stained with Gram′s methods after it was air-dried,then the specimen was observed with a microscopy(field lens 100 ? eye lens 10) and recorded.Results In the acute diarrhea group(40 cases),the distribution feature of 3 floras on the fecal smears:≥50% Gram-negative bacilli in 6 cases(15%),≥50% Gram-positive cocci in 30 cases(75%) and ≥68% Gram-positive bacilli in 4 cases(10%).In the delayed and chronic diarrhea group(62 cases),the distribution feature of 3 floras on the fecal smears:≥50% Gram-negative bacilli in 7 cases(11.29%),≥50% Gram-positive cocci in 44 cases(70.97%) and ≥68% Gram-positive bacilli in 6 cases(9.68%).In the normal control group(32 cases),the distribution feature of 3 floras on the fecal smears:≥50% Gram-negative bacilli in 1 case(3.13%),≥50% Gram-positive cocci in 1 case(3.13%),and ≥68% Gram-positive bacilli in 17 cases(53.13%).For the distribution of 3 floras in the 3 groups,chi-squared test was performed,and the results showed that the difference was significant in Gram-positive cocci(?~2=47.76 P0.05).Conclusions Acute,delayed or chronic diarrhea can lead to flora imbalance.In order to timely and rapidly know the flora imbalance in children with diarrhea,clinically the simple,easily operated and practical smear staining method shall be widely applied.

OBJECTIVETo compare the ability of osthole (OST) and genistein (GEN) in enhancing bone peak bone mass of rats to prevent osteoporosis.

METHODSThirty-six female one-month-old SD rats of (125 +/- 3) g body weight were randomly divided into three groups, 12 rats in each group, one group was orally administered osthole at 9 mg x kg(-1) d(-1), one group was given genistein at 10 mg x kg(-1) d(-1) and another was given equal quantity of distilled water as the control. The body weight was monitored weekly and the bone mineral density (BMD) of total body was measured every month. All rats were sacrificed after three months, the femoral bone mineral density, the serum levels of osteocalcin (OC) and anti-tartaric acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP 5b) were measured by Elisa. The bone microarchitectures were analyzed with micro-CT and the bone biomechanics properties were tested with universal material machine.

RESULTSNo significant differences were observed between O-treated or GEN group and the control for the food-intake and body weight during three months. However, the rats treated with OST had significant higher BMD for both total body and femur than the control and GEN group. The O-treated rats also had higher level of serum OC and lower level of TRACP 5b. Besides, they owned bigger bone volume/tissue volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular number but smaller trabecular spacing. In the three point bending tests of femurs,they were found to have larger maximum load, the young's modulus and structural model index (SMI).

CONCLUSIONOrally administered osthole could efficiently increase the peak bone mass of rats,which provide new ideas for preventing osteoporosis.

Acid Phosphatase ; blood ; Animals ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Bone Density ; drug effects ; Coumarins ; pharmacology ; Female ; Femur ; diagnostic imaging ; drug effects ; pathology ; Genistein ; pharmacology ; Isoenzymes ; blood ; Osteocalcin ; blood ; Radiography ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bacterial Infections ; drug therapy ; Bone Diseases ; drug therapy ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Iodophors ; administration & dosage ; Joint Diseases ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Suppuration ; drug therapy ; Therapeutic Irrigation

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of the introplasmic interferon-γ level in circulating T cell of patients with aplastic anemia (AA) and its clinical significance. The interferon-γ level before and after immuno-suppressive therapy was monitored by flow cytometry. The results indicated that the higher interferon-γ level was detected in 28 out of 50 AA patients, detected rate was 56%. The effective rate of immunosuppressive therapy for AA patients with higher interferon-γ level was up to 85.7% (24/28). The decrease of interferon-γ level in these patients positively correlated with hemogram recovery to normal level and obviously earlier than hematologic remission. It is concluded that the immunosuppressive therapy shows better efficacy for AA patients with high interferon-γ level, moreover the change of interferon-γ level is earlier than hematologic change, that is important for predicting the therapeutic efficacy and relapse of disease.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anemia, Aplastic ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Interferon-gamma ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; T-Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism of STAT3 antisense oligonucleotide (STAT3 AS-ON) in combination with DDP in the treatment of laryngeal cancer.

METHODSSTAT3 AS-ON, DDP, or STAT3 AS-ON + DDP was added into culture media. The expression and phosphorylation levels of STAT3 protein in Hep-2 cells were measured by Western Blot. The expression of Cyclin D1 and Bcl-xL was also detected by Western Blot. The cell proliferation was assayed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT). Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle and apoptosis.

RESULTSSTAT3 was highly expressed and phosphorylated in Hep-2 cells. Transfection of STAT3 AS-ON suppressed the expression and phosphorylation levels of STAT3 protein. Forty-eight hours after transfection, the proliferation of Hep-2 cells was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibitory effects appeared at 24 h after transfection of STAT3 AS-ON, and became more obvious after 36 h. Seventy-two hours after transfection, the rate of apoptosis in STAT3 AS-ON + DDP group, DDP group, STAT3 AS-ON group, STAT3 S-ON group, lipidosome group and control group was 32.9%, 13.5%, 28.1%, 3.2%, 2.4%, 1.8% respectively. After the treatment of Hep-2 cells with STAT3 AS-ON and DDP for 72 h, the ratio of G1 phase was up-regulated from 55.7% to 74.9%, while that of S phase was own-regulate from 33.6% to 6.9%.

CONCLUSIONSSTAT3 AS-ON and DDP could suppress the growth of laryngeal cancer cells and induce significant apoptosis of laryngeal cancer cells. Combined use of them had a synergic effect, obviously inhibiting the activation of STAT3 signaling transduction pathway of laryngeal cancer cells. Selective inhibition of specific signaling pathway may provide a new therapeutic approach for treating laryngeal cancers.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; pharmacology ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; Transfection

The physiological effects of Panax notoginseng seedlings under simulated drought stress by PEG 6000 on antioxidant enzymes, osmotic substances and root activities were studied. The results showed that the activity of POD and APX in roots and leaves kept rising with increasing processing concentration and time. However, on the one hand, at the same processing time, SOD in roots and leaves firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of processing concentration. On the other hand, at the same processing concentration, SOD kept rising with the extension of processing time. In addition, the activity of CAT in roots and leaves tended to increase with the increasing concentration at the same processing time, while it increased at first and then decreased with the extension of time at the same concentration. The activity of SOD and APX in stem did not change obviously, whereas CAT activity in stem increased with the increasing processing time and concentration. With the increase of processing concentration and the extension of processing time, the MDA, soluble protein, proline content and root activity in leaves and roots apparently rose. Moreover, fluorescence signal of H2O2 and NO in root tip enhanced as the processing concentration increased after treated for 1 d. In summary, P. notoginseng seedlings could deal with drought stress by means of adjusting the system of antioxidant enzyme, permeating stress substances and impeded stress signal substances. Thus, when the concentration of PEG 6000 was more than 5%, it would have harm on P. notoginseng seedlings.
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Droughts ; Panax notoginseng ; drug effects ; physiology ; Polyethylene Glycols ; pharmacology ; Seedlings ; drug effects ; physiology ; Stress, Physiological ; physiology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism