Objective To investigate and discuss the limb salvage strategies of malignant bone tumors in region S2 of shoulder girdle.Methods The data of 17 patients(13 males and 4 females)were retrospectivelv analyzed.All of them had malignant scapular tumor at least in region S2,and underwent limb salvage between January 2005 and January 2009.They aged from 14 to 55 years old(mean,32.6 years).The histologic types of them were chondrosarcoma in 6 patients,osteosarcoma in 4,fibrosareoma in 1,myeloma in 1,Ewing's sarcoma in 1,rhabdomyosarcoma in 1,non-Hodgkin lymphoma in 1,malignant giant cell tumor of bone in 1 and recurrent chondrosarcoma in 1.The tumors were staged according to Enneking surgical staging system:IB in 4 and IIB in 13.According to the MSTS classification system,the region S2 and lateral 1/3 of region S1 were effected in 11 cases,the region S2 and large part of region S1 were effected in 6 cases.The rotator cuff was involved to some extent in all patients,and the articular capsule were involved in 8 cases.Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy was given to 14 patients.The surgical strategies were depended on the range of tumor and preservation of articular capsule.The scapular prosthetic replacement was done in 8 cases with a relatively large range of tumor or resection of articular capsule,otherwise the scapular allograft replacement was done.Among the 11 cases with region S2 and lateral 1/3 of region S1 effected,the scapular allograft replacement was done in 9 cases with articular capsule preserved and the prosthetic replacement was done in 2 cases with articular capsule resected.And the prosthetic replacement was done in the other 6 cases.The articular capsule and partial rotator cuff were preserved and reconstructed preferentially.Results All patients were followed up 16-62 months (mean,35.1 months).Postoperative complications were noted in 9 patients, including mild allograft rejection and mild allograft resorption in 1 patient,allograft rejection in 1,prosthetic acromion exposure in 3,allograft resorption in 4.Local recurrence were noted in 1 patients.Three patients were dead because of extensive metastasis.The average function scores were 74.1%(range,53.3%-93.3%).Conclusion During the limb salvage surgery.it's very important to guarantee the en bloc resection of the tumor.In the meanwhile,the en bloc resection and functional reconstruction should be well balanced.

To review the clinical data of 13 patients with benign stenosis in deep small intestine treated by balloon-assisted enteroscopy from September 2017 to December 2019, and to evaluate the stenosis characteristics, endoscopic treatment effects and its safety in different lesions. The results showed that there were 6 cases of Crohn disease (CD), 4 cases of cryptogenic multifocal ulcerative stenosing enteritis (CMUSE) and 3 cases of small bowel stenosis with unknown etiology. A total of 38 stenoses were found after 17 enteroscopic treatments, including 35 web-like stenoses and 3 columnar stenoses. Thirteen stenoses were found in 6 patients with CD, including 4 single stenosis, 1 case of 3 stenoses and 1 case of 6 stenoses. Twenty-one stenoses were found in 4 patients with CMUSE and they were all web-like stenosis. A total of 18 times of balloon dilatation and 10 times of IT knife incision were performed. The technical success rate was 88.2% (15/17), and the clinical effective rate was 76.9% (10/13). The follow-up time was 3-28 months, and one patient underwent surgical treatment. There was 1 case of delayed hemorrhage and 3 cases of delayed perforation after operation. They were all improved by medical treatment. These results indicated that treatment of benign stenosis in deep small intestine by enteroscopy is technically feasible and can improve the symptoms of patients in a short time.

Objective To understand the dietary nutrients among rural stranded children.Methods 2551 children aged 2 to 7, including 1278 stranded children in the rural areas and another 1273 children served as controls were selected, using multistage stratified cluster random sampling. Dietary survey was performed with three-day weighing dietary method and questionnaire on food intake. Data on diet were analyzed and evaluated by the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) recommend by Chinese Nutrition Society, to evaluate the levels on energy and nutrient intake among stranded children in the rural areas. Results The dietary pattern among rural stranded children mainly consisted of grains and vegetables, but the intakes of animal products, fruits, and snacks were significantly less than in the control group. The intakes of three major energy-producing nutrients were below the recommend nutrient intake. Minerals as calcium, zinc, selenium, kalium and vitamins as vitamin A, B1, B2were insufficient.Most of the rural stranded children took nutrients insufficiently, with 50% lack of adequate energy and 80% of protein, 90% of minerals (calcium, zinc etc.) and vitamins (vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 etc.).Sources from high quality protein was insufficient, only consisting 35% of the total protein, but overabundant (over 64 % ) from the plants. The intake of plant-sourced iron was overabundant, accounted for 87%. Conclusion The dietary pattern was unsatisfactory with insufficient intake of energy-sourced proteins and some nutrients. The sources of energy, protein, and iron were mostly obtained from underbalaneed foods. It is necessary to improve the dietary nutrients status among rural stranded children aged 2-7 years.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Collagen Type IV ; blood ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; blood ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Laminin ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore the potential molecular mechanisms for Bushen Tiaojing Recipe (BTR) improving the endocrine function of ovarian granular cells by observing the effect of BTR containing serum on follicle stimulating hormone/cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A (FSH/ cAMP-PKA) pathway in in vitro cultured human ovarian granular cells.

METHODSThe primary ovarian granular cells collected from in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer patients were cultured for 24 h. The human and rat serum containing different concentrations of BTR (low, medium, high dose), and their normal serums were co-incubated with ovarian granular cells for 48 h respectively, and then they were divided into the low, medium, high dose BTR groups and the control group. The levels of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the culture medium were measured by radioimmunoassay. The protein expression of FSHR in ovarian granular cells was detected by Western Blot. The mRNA expression of follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and P450 aromatase (P450arom) in ovarian granular cells were detected by Real-time PCR.

RESULTSIn human BTR containing serum groups: Compared with control group, the levels of E2 and cAMP in the culture medium were higher (both P < 0.05) in the medium and high dose BTR groups; the levels of P in the culture medium decreased in the medium dose BTR group (P < 0.01). The protein and mRNA expression of FSHR in ovarian granular cells increased (all P < 0.01), the mRNA expressions of P450arom in ovarian granular cells were higher (P < 0.05, P< 0.01) in the medium and high dose BTR groups. In rat BTR containing serum groups: Compared with the control group, the levels of E2 in the culture medium were higher (all P < 0.01), cAMP in the culture medium were higher (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in the medium and high dose BTR group; the levels of P in the culture medium decreased in the medium dose BTR group (P < 0.01). The protein and mRNA expression of FSHR in ovarian granular cells were higher (all P < 0.01), the mRNA expression of P450arom in ovarian granular cells increased in the medium and high dose BTR groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONBTR could possibly improve the endocrine function of ovarian granular cells by regulating main effector molecules FSHR, cAMP, P450arom, and E2 in FSH/cAMP-PKA pathway of ovarian granular cells.

Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type I ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; metabolism ; Granulosa Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Serum ; chemistry ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of JAK/STAT signaling pathway activation on the transdifferentiation and secretion of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) induced by high glucose in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells.

METHODSHuman kidney cells (HKC) were cultured and then divided into four groups: low glucose (LG) group, high glucose (HG) group, high mannitol (LG + M) group, and HG + AG490 group. Immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis were used to determine the expression of tryosine phosphorylated Janus kinase 2 ( p-JAK2). The protein expressions of STAT1, STAT3, p-STAT1, and p-STAT3 and the expressions of alpha-SMA and E-Cadherin were observed by Western blot. The contents of TGF-B1, fibronectin and type I collagen in the supernatants of the cultured HKC were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of TGF-beta1 mRNA was measured by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSCompared with LG group, the expressions of JAK2, p-STAT1, p-STAT3, and TGF-beta1, mRNA were significantly increased in HG group from 6 to 72 hours. Meanwhile, the contents of TGF-beta1 and collagen I in the supernatants and the expression of alpha-SMA increased and the expression of E-Cadherin decreased. The expressions of JAK2, p-STAT1, p-STAT3, and TGF-beta mRNA as well as the levels of TGF-beta1 and collagen I in the supernatant s in HG + AG490 group were significantly lower than in the HG group. The expressions of alpha-SMA and E-Cadherin were also decreased in HG + AG490 group.

CONCLUSIONActivation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway may be involved in the high glucose-induced transdifferentiation and overproduction of TGF-beta1, and ECM proteins in HKCs.

Cell Line ; Cell Transdifferentiation ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Glucose ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Janus Kinases ; physiology ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal ; cytology ; metabolism ; STAT Transcription Factors ; physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; biosynthesis ; secretion ; Urothelium ; cytology ; metabolism

To investigate the optimal reaction conditions of clonal rearrangements of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with consensus primers and the feasibility of detecting this gene using SYBR green I real-time quantitative PCR with consensus primers, the systemic experiments were performed, which included annealing temperature, concentration of primer, the amount of Taq enzyme, concentration of dNTP and Mg(2+), number of PCR cycles. Detection of this gene on SYBR green I real-time quantitative PCR with consensus primers was carried out under the optimal reaction parameters obtained from previous study, and the sensitivity of IgH rearrangements gene was examined by using SYBR green I real-time quantitative PCR. The results indicated that the optimal annealing temperature was 60 degrees C, the optimal concentration of primers was 0.8 micromol/L, the satisfactory Taq enzyme amount was 0.5 U, the optimal concentration of dNTP was 100 micromol/L, the optimal concentration of Mg(2+) was 3.0 mmol/L, the suitable number of cycle was 40 cycles. Amplification of IgH rearrangement gene and detection of desired gene fluorescence signal on SYBR green I real-time PCR were performed. The sensitivity of IgH gene using this quantitative PCR was 10(4)/ml. It is concluded that the optimal reaction parameters for amplification of clonal IgH rearrangements gene by using PCR technique was determined, and stable and specific amplification of desired gene with consensus primers was performed. Basically, IgH rearrangement gene was successfully detected by SYBR green I real-time PCR.
Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain ; genetics ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; genetics ; Organic Chemicals ; chemistry ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Reproducibility of Results

OBJECTIVETo analyze the early clinical and radiographic outcomes of Hoffa fractures treated by a standard protocol of open reduction and internal fixation using headless compression screws combined with back buttress plate in a consecutive series of 8 Chinese patients.

METHODSOpen reduction and internal fixation was performed on all patients. The fractures were anatomically reduced and held temporarily by K-wire. If the ends of fractures were atrophic, autologous bone graft from the ipsilateral iliac crest was packed between the ends. Then the fracture fragments were fixed with AO 6.5 mm headless compression cannulated screws. At least two screws were used to provide rotational stability. One pre-contoured reconstruction plate was placed on the nonarticular surface posteromedially or posterolaterally as back buttress plate.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up for at least 12 months (range 12-25 months). All fractures achieved anatomical reduction and healed clinically and radiographically. At recent follow-up, the mean flexion degree was 120.6° (range 110°-135°) and the mean extension degree was 2.5° (range 0°-5°). The average visual analogue scale score was 1.6 points (range 0-3). Six patients were assessed as excellent and 2 as good according to the hospital for special surgery knee score system. There were no superficial or deep infections, or hardware breakages. No patient had giving way or locking of the knee, though some had intermittent pain and swelling after strenuous exercise. Injury mechanism had significant influence on the functional outcome (P=0.046).

CONCLUSIONHeadless compression screws combined with back buttress plate and/or autologous bone grafting to treat old Hoffa fracture is one of effective measures. It would be conducive to not only fracture healing but also early exercise and functional recovery.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo identify the frequency and interferon (IFN)-alpha-producing ability of circulating type 2 pre-dendritic cells (pDC2) and evaluate its role in liver cirrhotic patients with chronic HBV infection.

METHODS27 liver cirrhotic patients were included in our study and 25 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 25 healthy individuals were enrolled as controls. The numbers of circulating pDC2 and lymphocytes including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, NK cells as well as B cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The IFN-alpha-producing function of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) representing the circulating pDC2 was determined by ELISA assay after stimulated by ultraviolet-inactivated herpes simplex virus-1 (UV-HSV-1).

RESULTSThe number of pDC2 were (7.21+/-2.38)*10(6)/L, (4.49+/-3.08) *10(6)/L and (2.89+/-1.17) *10(6)/L for healthy control, chronic hepatitis B and cirrhotic patients respectively. Both the number and IFN-alpha-producing function of circulating pDC2 in liver cirrhotic patients significantly lower than that in healthy subjects. There was a correlated simultaneous decrease numbers of circulating CD8+ T cells, NK cells in HBV-infected cirrhotic patients. Furthermore, cirrhotic patients with opportunistic infections have lower numbers of pDC2, CD8+ T cells and NK cells compared to those without opportunistic infections.

CONCLUSIONSLiver cirrhotic patients with chronic HBV infection have a significant decrease of circulating pDC2 level and IFN-alpha-producing function. The decreased number and function of pDC2, together with the lower number of CD8+ T cells and NK cells may result in the decline of host immune response, which may partially contribute to the disease progression of HBV infection and opportunistic infections.

Cell Count ; Dendritic Cells ; physiology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; immunology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; biosynthesis ; Liver Cirrhosis ; immunology ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology

AIMTo investigate the effect of puerarin on expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in the kidney of diabetic rats.

METHODSUninephrectomized male Wistar rats were used to induce diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (65 mg x kg(-1)). Puerarin was given daily by intraperitoneal injection from the third day of induction of diabetes for 16 weeks. Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to detect MMP-2, TIMP-2 mRNA expressions and MMP-2, TIMP-2, collagen IV and Laminin expressions in diabetic kidneys with image analysis system, Flow cytometry was used to detect the expressions of TGFbeta1, MMP-2 and TIMP-2.

RESULTSCompared with those in kidneys of control group, expressions of MMP-2 mRNA and proteins were lower, while the expressions of both TGFbeta1 and TIMP-2 were higher in the diabetic kidney (P < 0.05). The level of MMP-2 expression was advanced, while expression of TIMP-2 was reduced by puerarin treatment (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPuerarin showed some renal protective effect on diabetic nephropathy, partly through inhibition of excessive deposition of glomeruli extracellular matrix by up-regulating MMP-2 and down-regulating TIMP-2 expressions besides reducing the blood glucose.

Animals ; Collagen Type IV ; metabolism ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Isoflavones ; pharmacology ; Kidney ; enzymology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Laminin ; metabolism ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Peptide Fragments ; metabolism ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Streptozocin ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1