Adult ; Colonic Neoplasms ; genetics ; DNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Instability ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Rectal Neoplasms ; genetics

To optimize the immunization strategy against HIV-1, a DNA vaccine was combined with a recombinant vaccinia virus (rTV) vaccine and a protein vaccine. Immune responses against HIV-1 were detected in 30 female guinea pigs divided into six groups. Three groups of guinea pigs were primed with HIV-1 DNA vaccine three times, boosted with rTV at week 14, and then boosted with gp140 protein at intervals of 4, 8 or 12 weeks. Simultaneously, the other three groups of animals were primed with rTV vaccine once, and then boosted with gp140 after 4, 8 or 12 weeks. The HIV-1 specific binding antibody and neutralizing antibody, in addition to the relative affinity of these antibodies, were detected at different time points after the final administration of vaccine in each group. The DNA-rTV-gp140 immune regimen induced higher titers and affinity levels of HIV-1 gp120/gp140 antibodies and stronger V1V2-gp70 antibodies than the rTV-gp140 regimen. In the guinea pigs that underwent the DNA-rTV-gp140 regimen, the highest V1V2-gp70 antibody was induced in the 12-week-interval group. However, the avidity of antibodies was improved in the 4-week-interval group. Using the rTV-gp140 immunization strategy, guinea pigs boosted at 8 or 12 weeks after rTV priming elicited stronger humoral responses than those boosted at 4 weeks after priming. In conclusion, this study shows that the immunization strategy of HIV-1 DNA vaccine priming, followed by rTV and protein vaccine boosting, could strengthen the humoral response against HIV-1. Longer intervals were better to induce V1V2-gp70-specific antibodies, while shorter intervals were more beneficial to enhance the avidity of antibodies.
AIDS Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology ; Animals ; DNA, Viral ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; HIV Infections ; immunology ; prevention & control ; virology ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunization ; methods ; Vaccines, DNA ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology ; Vaccinia virus ; genetics ; immunology ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology

This review introduced the anti-tumor effects of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and summarized their possible molecular mechanisms according to recent abroad literatures and our research results. Some evidence showed that the anti-tumor mechanisms of NSAIDs were different in various tumors.NSAIDs decreased the biosynthesis of PGE_2 and regulated the expressions of downstream correlated genes and proteins through restraining abnormal expression of COX-2 in certain neoplasms,which resulted in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and proliferation as well as induced apoptosis. But in other cancer cells, NSAIDs, as activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?), induced COX-2 expression, promoted the biosynthesis of cyclopentenone prostaglandins (cyPGs). cyPGs further induced tumor cell apoptosis with PPAR? dependently or PPAR? independently. Since their special mechanisms of anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis, NSAIDs revealed significant synergistic effects with other anti-tumor treatments.

To investigate the upregulated genes associated with cold acclimation, a cold acclimation model was established based on Balb/C mouse. mRNA of muscle and liver were isolated, and the upregulated genes of these tissues were studied by representational differential analysis (RDA). The upregulated genes then were sequenced and searched by Blast software in GenBank database. The results showed that some genes were upregulated and possibly associated with cold acclimation. Three of these genes, transferrin, fibrinogen B-beta-chains and a new gene fragment (Genbank ID: AF454762), were confirmed to be upregulated by RNA slot-blot analysis. The finding of these genes might contribute to further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cold acclimation.
Acclimatization ; genetics ; Animals ; Cold Temperature ; Gene Expression ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; Transcriptome ; Up-Regulation

Na+/H+ antiporter plays an important role in mechanisms of the plant salt tolerance, it extrudes Na+ from cell energized by the proton gradient generated by the plasm membrane H(+)-ATPase and/or compartmentalizes Na+ in vacuole energized by the proton gradient generated by the vacuolar membrane H(+)-ATPase and H(+)-PPiase. This review mainly discusses the latest progress in the study of Na+/H+ antiporter in plant and yeast at molecular level.
Phylogeny ; Plants ; metabolism ; Salts ; metabolism ; Sodium ; metabolism ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers ; classification ; metabolism ; Vacuoles ; physiology

Objective The purpose of this study was to establish and evaluate a mouse model of sepsis for studying the mechanism of sepsis and development of anti-inflammatory drugs.Methods The sepsis in mice was induced by cecal ligation and puncture ( CLP) .The survival rates, microbial load, liver and kidney damages, cytokines and pathological changes were detected to evaluate the mouse models.Results The death of mice was closely related with the ligated sites. The mice with 50%cecal ligation displayed about 40% of 12-day survival rate, however, all the mice with 75% cecum ligation died within 4 days (P<0.01).Compared with the sham surgery group, the mice with 50% cecal ligation had a high microbial load in the blood and abdominal cavity.Leukopenia was also emerged (P<0.001).CLP mice demonstra-ted elevated levels of serum ALT, AST and BUN (P<0.01).The levels of IL1α, IL6, IL10, MIP1α, MIP1β, and TNFαwere increased a lot.The liver and lung showed obvious pathological injury at 48 h post CLP.Conclusions The established mouse model of CLP shows typical characteristics of sepsis and is an ideal tool for further study of anti-inflam-matory drugs.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein ; analysis ; Hippocampus ; blood supply ; chemistry ; pathology ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; physiopathology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; physiopathology ; Time Factors

AIM To observe the effects of Zuogui Pills and Yougui Pills on the proliferation of BMSCs and the expression of apoptosis after osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation in ovariectomized rats.METHODS Of sixty female SD rats,forty rats followed by bilateral ovariectomy were randomly divided into ovariectomy group (1.0 g/kg distilled water),Zuogui Pills group (9.45 g/kg Zuogui Pills) and Yougui Pills group (10.26 g/kg Yougui Pills) and Bujiale group (0.09 mg/kg estradiol valerate),another ten rats as control group (1.0 g/kg distilled water),ten rats bilateral excision of a small amount of fat around the ovary was treated as sham operation group (1.0 g/kg distilled water).After 12 weeks of administration,the rats were killed,BMSCs were cultured in vitro.Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay.Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2.RE-SULTS MTT assay showed that the proliferation of BMSCs were promoted in Zuogui and Yougui Pills groups,and the proliferation effect in Zuogui Pills group was better than that in Yougui Pills group.After osteogenic differentiation,as compared with the control group,the Caspase-3 expression of ovariectomy group was up-regulated (P ＜0.05) and the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated (P ＜0.01).As compared with ovariectomy group,the expression of Caspase-3 was decreased and the expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated in Zuogui Pills group and Yougui Pills group.After adipogenic differentiation,as compared with the control group,the expressions of Caspase-3 were significantly up-regulated and Bcl-2 were down-regulated in the ovariectomy group,Zuogui Pills group and Yougui Pills group (P ＜ 0.05).After osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation Zuogui Pills group and Yougui Pills group were significant different (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION Zuogui Pills and Yougui Pills both can inhibit the apoptosis of BMSCs after osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation in ovariectomized rats.Zuogui Pills can promote BMSCs osteogenesis differentiation while Yougui Pills can promote adipogenic differentiation.

The establishment of high specificity and sensitivity method of small molecule monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay has a great importance in the study of small molecule compounds in Chinese medicine, wherein synthesis of small molecule artificial antigen is a critical step in the preparation of small molecule antibodies. Oxidation method using sodium iodide was used to synthesize immunogenic antigen (FRn-BSA) and coating antigen (FRn-OVA) of forsythin. UV spectroscopy and thin layer chromatography showed that forsythin was successfully conjugated with BSA and OVA. After immuned FRn-BSA, the mice could specifically produce anti-forsythin antibodies with titer up to 1:8 000, and the linear range was from 1 mg x L(-1) to 100 mg x L(-1). In this paper, the artificial antigen of forsythin was successfully synthesized, which can be applied for preparation of monoclonal antibodies and establishment of appropriate immune method.
Animals ; Antibodies ; immunology ; Antigens ; chemistry ; immunology ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; chemistry ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Furans ; chemistry ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C

Objective:To establish a method for preserving viral nucleic acids in plasma using a blood collection card based on the dry spot method,to predict the duration of nucleic acid preservation by establishing the Arrhenius equation,and to demonstrate the feasibility of this preservation method for the re-testing of nucleic acids in blood samples retained by blood banks.Methods:Plasma samples positive for HBV,HCV,and HIV nucleic acids were prepared into preservation cards in the form of dry plasma spots for storage.The prepared preservation cards were placed under accelerated storage conditions at 37,45,50,and 55 ℃.The preservation cards were periodically retrieved from each temperature condition for nucleic acid extraction,and the nucleic acid samples were purified for subsequent PCR testing,with the recorded CT values.An Arrhenius equation model was established between the expiration time and the storage temperature,thereby predicting the validity period of nucleic acid preservation in blood collection cards under specified storage temperature conditions.Results:For the plasma samples positive for HBV,HCV,and HIV nucleic acids preserved using the dry spot method,the regression equations for the duration with temperature were as follows:y=-11546x+31.74 for HBV,y=-12949x+36.88 for HCV,and y=-12204x+34.48 for HIV,with the correlation coefficient r greater than 0.98 for all.It was predicted that at a storage temperature of 4 ℃,the preservation periods for HBV,HCV,and HIV viral nucleic acids using the dry spot method would be 20792 days,19289 days,and 14285 days,respectively.At a storage temperature of 20 ℃,the preservation periods would be 2135 days 1502 days,and 1289 days,respectively.Conclusion:The nucleic acids of the three common viral pathogens in blood samples,when preserved using the dry spot method,conform to a first-order reaction pattern in the accelerated degradation experiment.The relationship between the rate of nucleic acid degradation and the absolute temperature of storage is consistent with the Arrhenius equation.Based on the calculations using this equation,the stability and validity period of plasma nucleic acid samples preserved using the dry spot method can reach a minimum of 3 .5 years under storage conditions not exceeding 20 ℃,which essentially meets the requirements for the preservation period of blood samples retained by blood banks.