Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant human augmenter of liver regeneration (rhALR) on renal inflammation in acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by renal ischemia reperfusion (IR). Methods SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group,IR group,rhALR1 group (100 μg/kg) and rhALR2 group (200 μg/kg).Both renal pedicles of rats were identified and occluded with microvascular clamps for 60 min to induce acute kidney injury (AKI).Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels were evaluated using a Hitachi 747 automatic analyzer. For histological examination, sections were stained with HE. The activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was detected by spectrophotometer.Expression of TNF-α,ICAM-1,MCP-1 was determined by Western blotting. Results Blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine levels and the injury of kidney were improved significantly in rhALR group as compared with IR group (all P＜ 0.05).They were improved more significantly in rhALR2 group as compared to in rhALR1 group (all P＜0.05).The protein levels of TNF-α,ICAM-1,MCP-1 and the activity of MPO in kidneys from the sham-operated rats were low,and increased significantly after renal ischemia reperfusion injury (all P＜0.05).After treated with rhALR,the expression of TNF-α,ICAM-1,MCP-1 and the activity of MPO were decreased significantly in kidneys as compared to those in IR group (all P＜0.05),which decreased more significantly in rhALR2 group than those in rhALR1 group (all P＜ 0.05). Conclusions nhALR can protect kidneys from ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.The mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of renal inflammatory cells infiltration and down-regulated expressions of YNF-α,ICAM-1 and MCP-1 in the kidney.

The current study to separate and identify constituents from Millettia nitida var. hirsutissima. The compounds from Millettia nitida var. hirsutissima were isolated by means of various chromatographic techniques such as column chromatography over ODS and Sephadex LH-20, preparative HPLC, and the structures of these isolated compounds were identified through spectroscopic analyses. Nine isoflavonoids and two flavans were isolated and identified as 5-O-methy genistein (1), 7-hydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavone (2), ononin (3), catechin (4), formononetin (5), genistein (6), calycosin (7), (-)-gallocatechin (8), sissotrin (9), wistin (10), daidzin (11). Compounds 1, 2, 9 are obtained from the genus Millettia for the first time,and compounds 4, 8 are isolated from this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Mass Spectrometry ; Millettia ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure

AIM: To investigate the effect of Qingrehuayuziyin Fang on lymphocyte apoptosis and expression of Fas and FasL in peripheral blood in the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).METHODS: Eighty patients with SLE were selected and divided randomly into two groups,40 in the therapy group and 40 in control group respectively.Patients were get the treatment of Qingrehuayuziyin Fang combined hormone(prednisone) as therapy group and get hormone treating only as control group.After treating three months,lymphocyte were collected to be detected the rate of apoptosis by flow cytometer.Meanwhile,the expression of Fas and FasL were analyzed by RT-PCR.RESULTS: After three months treating,the rate of lymphocyte apoptosis was decreased significantly in therapy group compared with that in control group(P

Death domain-associated protein (DAXX) as a multifunctional nuclear protein widely resides in nucleolus, nucleoplasm, chromatin, promyelocytic leukaemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) and cytoplasm. It plays significant roles in transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, cell cycle and other biological activities. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is required for SUMOylation which is a highly conserved post-translational modification in a wide variety of cellular processes. Numerous studies demonstrated that SUMOylation has a great effect on the subcellular localization and functional regulation of DAXX. This review will provide a summary for SUMOylation of DAXX.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Nuclear Proteins ; physiology ; Sumoylation

OBJECTIVE: To explore the variations of early-phase insulin secretion in Type 2 diabetic patients in different stages. METHODS: L-arginine stimulative test, fast blood glucose and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated in 40 nomal controls (NC) and 101 Type 2 diabetic patients. The diabetic patients were divided into three groups: newly diagnosed group (n = 35), effectively treated by sulfonylureas group (n = 32) , and secondary failure of sulfonylureas group (n = 34). The indexs of insulin resistance of homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), beta-cell insulin secretion of homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IS), and the acute insulin response (AIRARG) index were calculated. Some statistical comparisons were done among the 4 groups. RESULTS: The indexs of HOMA-IR in each group of Type 2 diabetic patients were all higher than those in NC group (P < 0.01). The AIRARG indexs were obviously lower in Type 2 diabetic patients in different stages than those in NC group (P < 0.01), and the subsequence from the highest to the lowest among the groups of diabetic patients was: the newly diagnosed group, the effectively treated by sulfonylureas group, and the secondary failure of sulfonylureas group (P < 0.01). But there was no significant difference in indexs of HOMA-IS between the newly diagnosed group and the effectively treated by sulfonylureas group. CONCLUSION There is severe insulin resistance in Type 2 diabetic patients in each stage. The variations of early-phase insulin secretion manifest a vary procedure of obvious deterioration by degrees from the newly diagnosed group to the secondary failure of sulfonylureas group in Type 2 diabetic patients.
Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin Secretion ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sulfonylurea Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Time Factors

Background: During cup implantation,vertical height of the cup center(V-HCC)should be precisely controlled to achieve sufficient bone-cup coverage(BCC).Our study aimed to investigate the acetabular bone stock and the quantitative relationship between V-HCC and BCC in Crowe types Ⅰ to Ⅲ hips.Methods: From November 2013 to March 2016,pelvic models of 51 patients(61 hips)with hip dysplasia were retrospectively reconstructed using a computer software.Acetabular height and doom thickness were measured on the mid-acetabular coronal cross section.V-HCC was defined as the vertical distance of cup rotational center to the interteardrop line(ITL).In the cup implantation simulation,the cup was placed at the initial preset position,with a V-HCC of 15 mm,and moved proximally by 3-mm increments.At each level,the BCC was automatically calculated by computer.Analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the differences between groups.Results: There were no significant between-group differences in maximum thickness of the acetabular doom; however,peak bone stock values were obtained at heights of 41.63±5.14 mm(Crowe type Ⅰ),47.58 ± 4.10 mm(Crowe type Ⅱ),and 55.78 ± 3.64 mm(Crowe type Ⅲ)above the ITL.At 15 mm of V-HCC,median BCC was 78％(75-83％)(Crowe type Ⅰ),74％(66-71％)(Crowe typeⅡ),and 61％(57-68％)(Crowe type Ⅲ).To achieve 80％of the BCC,the median V-HCC was 16.27(15.00-16.93)mm,18.19(15.01-21.53)mm,and 24.13(21.02-28.70)mm for Crowe types Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ hips,respectively.Conclusion: During acetabular reconstruction,slightly superior placement with V-HCC ＜25 mm retained sufficient bone coverage in Crowe Ⅰ to Ⅲ hips.

According to the current situations and development of (TCMIs), the author of the article reveals the scientific connotation of TCMIs in theory, preparations and clinic application, and points out that TCMIs are an innovative and breakthrough of conventional dosage forms of traditional Chinese medicines, the combination of traditional theory and modern technology as well as a type of modern dosage form with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicines, which conforms to the principle of including the essence and excluding the wastes for traditional Chinese medicine preparations, meets the demands for quick-acting of traditional Chinese medicines and guides one of the development orientation of traditional Chinese medicines. In the meantime, an analysis was also made on key issues, such as adverse reactions of TCMIs, modern clinical application, special drug delivery route and diversity of components and ingredients.
Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Exanthema ; chemically induced ; Humans ; Injections ; adverse effects ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; methods ; trends ; Nausea ; chemically induced ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Vomiting ; chemically induced

OBJECTIVETo investigate the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma (GS).

METHODSThe morphological and immunological characteristics of 12 cases of GS were studied. FAB classification was made by peripheral blood, bone marrow picture and bone marrow biopsy assay.

RESULTSAll of the 12 cases presented with lymphadenopathy and soft tissue mass. Histologically, the tissue infiltration of GS was composed of blastic cells with round to oval nuclei showing an even, pale chromatin pattern. Some with cleaved or notched nuclei. There were prominent nucleoli and scant cytoplasm in the cells and mitosis was easily found. Immunohistochemically, CD(45) and lysozyme were positive in all of the cases, MPO in 11 (92%), CD(68) in 10 (83%), CD(34) in 5 (42%), and TdT in 2 cases (17%). CD(15) and Mac387 were mainly expressed in mature granulocytes. Examination of bone marrow sections and marrow aspirate smears showed that out of the 11 cases tested 8 were AML-M(2), 2 AML-M(1) and 1 AML-M(0). Only 1 case was nonleukemic, ie. solitary granulocytic sarcoma.

CONCLUSIONGranulocytic sarcomas are difficult to identify in routine paraffin-embedded tissue sections and usually misdiagnosed as non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Immunohistochemistry study with a panel of antibodies in combination with bone marrow and peripheral blood examination are helpful in identification of granulocytic sarcoma.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD34 ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the alteration of thymus matrix lymphocyte generator (TSLP) and change of the Th factor in the course of disease development, and to analyze the curative effect of inhalation of Vitamin A (VA) with corticosteroid for the treatment of asthmatic pneumonia.

METHODSAsthmatic pneumonia models were prepared by challenging rats with inhalation of ovalbumin for 4 weeks, and rested for 1 week. The treatment with VA and corticosteroid inhalation for 1 week was followed. The rat thymus and lung specimen were examen by histochemical and immunofluorescence staining.

RESULTSAfter 4 - 5 weeks of stimulation, there were more TSLP-positive cells and alveolar macrophages (AM) found in thymus and lung tissue of asthmatic group, the cell proliferation in spleen and thymus was obvious, and blood Th factors elevated. The inflammation within the lung tissue aggravated gradually. In VA group, the expression of TSLP and Th2 factors were all lowered at the 4th week. The TSLP expression slightly increased at the 5th week, and the cell proliferation within T-cell zone of spleen and thymus was strong at first and weakened later. Alveolar microphages (AM) increased significantly and the inflammation in the lung subsided gradually at the 5th week. In the hormone group, TSLP and Th2 factors expression in both thymus and lung were decreased at the 5th week, while the cell proliferation in thymus and lung was gradually increased. The quantity of AM was decreased, whereas the inflammation of the lung was increased gradually at the 5th week.

CONCLUSIONDuring asthmatic period elevated TSLP expression was accompanied by Th2 type responses while VA and corticosteroid both suppressed TSLP and Th2 factors expression. VA alone promoted T lymphocyte proliferation as well as the antigen elimination function by AM, after ceasing the usage, the lung inflammation abated gradually. In contrast, after ceasing the use of corticosteroid, inflammation aggravated.

Administration, Inhalation ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Asthma ; complications ; Beclomethasone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Pneumonia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vitamin A ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo investigate miR- 125b regulation mechanism by identifying miR-125b target genes and its function in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

METHODSThe bioinformatics software and database were applied to predict and analyze target genes of miR-125b. The vector contained the target gene 3'-UTR portion cloned into a luciferase reporter construct. A luciferase reporter assay was performed following co-transfection of small molecular miR-125b mimics and target gene wild-type or mutant plasmid into HEK-293T cells. Further in leukemia cell lines NB4 and HL-60, the protein level of target gene was measured by Western blot after overexpression miR-125b. Finally, the viabilities of NB4 and HL-60 cells were measured by CCK-8 assay at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h after electroporation.

RESULTSBcl-2-antagonist/killer 1 (Bak1), a pro-apoptotic gene, was a target gene of miR-125b by software predicts. Reporter vector containing the 3'-UTR Bak1 wild and mutation sites were co-transfected with small molecule analogues of miR-125b in HEK-293T cells. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay system showed that miR-125b significantly suppresses the reporter gene activity containing Bak1 3'-UTR by about 53.8% (P<0.05), but it didn't suppresses the reporter gene activity containing 3'-UTR Bak1 mutation. Western blot showed that miR-125b mimics significantly down-regulated the expression of Bak1 in human leukemia cell lines NB4 and HL-60. Meanwhile, the growth rate of cells treated with miR-125b obviously increased compared with that in control by CCK-8 test (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONOur findings strongly indicated that BAK1 was a downstream target gene of miR-125b, and miR-125b promoted proliferation in human AML cells at least partially by targeting Bak1, so we speculated that miR-125b as an oncogene could be a potential therapeutic target for treating AML.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Genetic Vectors ; HEK293 Cells ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Transfection ; bcl-2 Homologous Antagonist-Killer Protein ; genetics ; metabolism