Clinical data of 27 children with renal calculi (11 cases on the right side and 16 on left)who were treated with extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) using HB-ESWL-VG lithotripter from April 2006 to October 2008 were retrospectively reviewed.The size of stones ranged from 5 mm to 17 mm in diameter (mean 11 mm).In 22 out of 27 cases (82%) stones were crushed completely after the first course.Eleven of 27 ESWL cases were stone-free in 7 days,8 patients in a month after treatment;the stonefree rate was 96% when patients were followed up for 1 year.The results suggest that ESWL is a safe and effective method for treatment of renal calculi in children.

Objective To observe the morphologic changes of pancreatic islets in diabetic rats and the protective effects of rosiglitazone natrium (RSG) on the remnant islet.Methods 8 rats were randomly selected from 68 male Sprague-Dawley rats for normal control group (group A),the rest were administered with STZ,and those with FBG≥16.7mmol/L were served as diabetic models,then the rats were randomly assigned as RSG-treated group (group B,n=24).RSG were applied via intragastric administration at a dose of 5mg/(kg·d) in group B.72 hours after the administration of STZ and 1-,2-,4 and 7 week after the administration of RSG,4 rats were randomly selected respectively,pancreas specimens were obtained and preserved.The morphologie changes were observed under light microscopes and transmission electron microscope.Results The diabetic symptoms of the rats in groupe B lessened significantly,and the FBG levels were decreased gradually,the morphologic injuries of remnant islet were recovering. The amount of secretory granule in beta cells increased gradually.Conclusion Rosiglitazone natrium call attenuate morphologic injuries of the islets and protect the remnant islet in type 1 diabetes mellilus rats.

Objective To detect the plasma amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP) of children with congenital heart disease(CHD) prior to heart surgery,to analysize its sensitivity,specificity and Youden index by receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve,to explore the cut-off values of plasma NTProBNP for the diagnosis of congestive heart failure(CHF) in children under 5 years old before and after age stratification.Method The plasma NT-proBNP was detected for 100 children with CHD prior to heart surgery (experimental group) and 100 normal children(control group) between January 2011 to January 2013.Age stratification(0 ～ 1 year group,～3 years group and ～ 5 year group) was conducted in children with CHF younger than 5 years old to explore the cut-off values of plasma NT-ProBNP for the diagnosis of CHF.Results The NT-proBNP of 34 patients with CHF(n =100) was in accordance to Ross criteria The cut-off values were 502 ng/ L before age stratification,and they were 552 ng/L,449 ng/L,349 ng/L after age stratification for 0 ～ 1 year group,～ 3 years group and ～ 5 group.Conclusion The cut-off values of plasma NT-ProBNP for CHF were 552 ng/L、449 ng/L、349 ng/L for 0 ～ 1 year group,～ 3 years group and ～ 5 year group.

In 4 602 subjects for routine check-up,blood uric acid,total cholesterol,triglyceride,high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol were determined.Results showed that the overall prevalence of hyperuricemia in Nanning,Guangxi was 19.8％ (28.8％ in male,9.4％ in female).Blood uric acid and lipids in hyperuricemia group were higher than those in normal uric acid group(all P＜0.01).Serum uric acid had a positive correlation with total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,but it was negatively correlated with serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol.The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 30.8％,and that of hypertriglyceridemia was 22.2％.Logistic multi-factor regression analysis showed that men,high total cholesterol,triglyceride,and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol could be independent risk factors for hyperuricemia,and that high density lipoprotein-cholesterol was a protective factor.The prevalence of hyperuricemia in population of Nanning,Guangxi during health examination is high.Hyperuricemia is closely associated with dyslipidemia.Timely intervention of hyperuricemia can reduce the related diseases effectively.

Objective To systematically evaluate the health status and intervention measures in the US Armed Forces, and to provide reference for the development of health promotion strategies in our army.Methods The PubMed, Medline, Springer, Elservier, HighWire and CNKI Database were searched electronically, with assigned search strategy for American military health status and intervention measures published from Jan.1997 to Dec.2015.Results There were 25 of pieces literature about training injury, low back pain, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression and cardiovascular disease that were screened.Conclusion The main health problems facing the US Armed Forces and the focus of the intervention measures involved training injuries, low back pain, mental illness and cardiovascular disease.Protection of military health is shifting from the single disease prevention to diversified comprehensive maintenance in the new era.

Objective To determine the effect of deferoxamine administration on autophagy in a rat model of blast-induced brain injury.Methods Thirty-nine male SD rats were allotted to shamoperated group,injury group and deferoxamine group with 13 rats in each,according to the random number table.Feeney's method was applied to establish the model.Deferoxamine group received deferoxamine of 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally.Sham-operated and injury group were injected with saline intraperitoneally.All treatments were started two hours postinjury at 12 hour interval for up to 28 days.Hemoglobin,rectal temperature,blood glucose and mortality were detected at 1,3,7,14 and 28 days.Morris water maze was conducted.Rats were killed later for detecting the brain defect volume and level of Beclin 1 at the site of injury.Results There were no significant differences among the three groups with respect to hemoglobin,rectal temperature and blood glucose (P ＞ 0.05).Mortality in injury versus deferoxamine groups did not differ significantly (P ＞ 0.05).Volume of defected brain in deferoxamine group was (115.35 ± 13.70) mm3,smaller than (209.99 ± 16.70) mm3 in injury group (P ＜ 0.05).In Morris water maze test,the time spent in the searching the platform and latency to reach the platform were improved in deferoxamine group compared to those in injury group [(3.13 ± 0.35) vs (2.13 ± 0.64);(36.15 ± 26.63) s vs (110 ± 47.34) s respectively] (P ＜ 0.05).Both immunohistochemisty and western blot showed dramatically increased level of Beclin 1 after injury,but treatment with deferoxamine significantly reduced the Beclin 1 expression.Conclusion Level of Beclin 1 is significantly upregulated after blast-induced brain injury in rats,resulting in elevated autophagy postinjury,but the treatment with deferoxamine is neuroprotective possible by lessening autophagy damage.

Objective To compare the mutation sites in human immunodefieiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vpr gene via of HIV-1 infected individuals from different regions in China with the previous studies, and to provide information for the further study on the relationship between HIV-1 vpr gene mutations and clinical conditions of the patients. Methods Reverse transcription-polymerasc chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested PCR were used to amplify HIV-1 vpr gene of 398 HIV-1 infected individuals. The amino acid sequences were analyzed to determine polymorphisms, deviation rate and common mutation sites of HIV-1 vpr gene. Meanwhile, the viral load, subsets of lymphocytes and clinical course of patients infected with mutated HIV-1 were analyzed. Results One hundred and fifty three positive samples which were obtained from 398 HIV-1 infected individuals were available for further analysis. The amino acids sequence typing of HIV-1 Vpr were showed that CRF01 AE was 51.63%, subtype C 24.84%, subtype B 17.65%, CRF03_ AB 3.92% and CRF08 BC 1.31%. Eighty four point three percent of 77th amino acid of HIV Vpr sequence was glutamic acid which was significantly different from what overseas researches reported that the R77Q mutation was correlated with long-term non-progression (LTNP) of AIDS. The mutations of the, 63th, 70th, 85th, 86th, 89th and 94th amino acids of HIV Vpr were likely related to the clinical remission of HIV-1 infected individuals. Conclusions M group is the main type of HIV Vpr typing in China, and CRF01 AE is predominant. Some amino acid mutation sites of HIV-1 Vpr are possibly correlated with clinical manifestations of HIV-1 infected individuals.

Objective To explore the Oneomehnia distribution on electronic map based on gridding orientation pattern of marshlands in Changsha along Xiangjiang River,in order to manage snail information in a visual and digital way.Methods The data of geographic information and snail information were collected by global positioning system(GPS)and database was established using systematic sampling,and then an information management system of electronic map about the distribution of Oncomelania was designed.The degree of Oncomelania was expressed in different colors,the Oncomelania information in the database on the digital map wag reflected accurately using the geographic information system(GIS)technology.Results The electronic map of the distribution information of 20 marshlands in Changsha along Xiangjiang River were drawn.At the same time,the information could be grasped compreheusively.Digit map contains geographic information and database of snail information,such as the row and rnum,the density of alive and infectious snails,the area and geographic information et al.A method of managing and analyzing snail information with higher efficiency was offerred in this article.Conclusion Conventional methods of managing and analyzing Oncomelania information are reformed into digitalization and visualization.

Objective To investigate the effects of dizocilpine(MK801) on depressive-like behaviors and damaged hippocampus in rats with diabetes-related depression.MethodsThe animal models of diabetes-related depression were established and they were randomly divided into two groups based on random number table: model group and MK801 group,while 6 rats were included in each group.And another six health rats were regarded as control group.The Open-field test was used to detect the activities.The damage of hippocampus was valued by HE staining,Nissl staining,and Tunel staining.The protein expressions of Bax,Bcl-2 in hippocampus were detected by Western blot.ResultsThe number of activities was significant decreased in Open-field test in model group when compared with control.Hippocampal neurons vacuoles,Nissl bodies were decreased and apoptotic cells were increased in hippocampus in model group as well.Furthermore,the expression of Bax was significant up-regulated(94.57±7.97,P<0.01),while the Bcl-2 was declined(24.65±5.26,P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the animals in MK801 group exhibited increased activities(12.50±4.42,P<0.01),which accompany with an increased Nissl body(133.55±16.74,P<0.01) and a decreased apoptosis(22.50±6.35,P<0.01).Moreover,the expression of Bax was decreased and the Bcl-2 was increased in MK801 group when they were contrasted to model(33.00±4.57,P<0.01).Conclusion MK801 is a significant element to regulate the expression of apoptosis protein including Bax,Bcl-2,and to protecte the hippocampal neuron in rats with diabetes-related depression effectively.

Objective To investigate the effects of Zuogui Jiangtang Jieyu Prescription on neurotrophic effects of astrocytes in diabetes mellitus rats with depression. Methods The diabetes mellitus with depression rat models were established by composite method, and then were randomly divided into 5 groups: model group, positive group, Zuogui Jiangtang Jieyu Prescription high-, medium-, low-dose groups, with 12 rats in each group. 12 normal rats were set as control group. Each administration group was given relevenat medicine for gavage for continuous 4 weeks. Open-field test was used to evaluate the depression-like behavior. The expression of GFAP in astrocyte and MAP2 in neuron were tested by immunohistochemistry. The expression of protein and mRNA of BDNF, GDNF, and NGF were tested by Western blot and RT-PCR. Results Compared with the control group, the activities of rats in model group were significantly reduced. The expression of GFAP increased, while the expressions of MAP2, BDNF, GDNF and NGF decreased. Compared with the model group, the depression-like behavior of rats in model group were significantly improved. The expression of GFAP decreased, while the expressions of MAP2, BDNF, GDNF and NGF increased, and GFAP decrseaed significantly. Conclusion The secretion function of astrocyte can be improved by Zuogui Jiangtang Jieyu Prescription. Its anti-depression and neuron-protection function might be correlated with the enhancement of neurotrophic effects of astrocytes.