Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the use of feeding support and influencing factors of oral feeding among premature infants. Methods Totally 103 premature infants with oral feeding problems hospitalized during June to December 2014 were enrolled. The postmenstrual age and feeding support were observed at the time of initiation oral feeding and full oral feeding. Moreover, the progress and performance of oral feeding, the daily increase in weight, the time of body weight regain, the time of assisted ventilation and length of hospital stay and so on were calculated. Results There were 96 premature infants using feeding support at the time of initiation oral feeding and 58 premature infants at the time of full oral feeding. Logistic regression analysis showed that birth gestational age(OR=2.195, P<0.01), birth weight(OR=1.003, P<0.01), severity of illness(OR=0.121, P<0.01) and feeding tolerance(OR=0.007, P<0.01)were important factors of oral feeding among premature infants. Conclusions The premature infants with small gestational age at birth, low birth weight, severity of illness, and feeding intolerance are high risk populations of oral feeding. Nurses should take timely risk assessment and interventions to reduce the occurrence of stopping oral feeding.

Animals ; Hepatitis E ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis E virus ; immunology ; Humans ; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines

BACKGROUND:Corneal lymphangiogenesis is beneficial to the transport of corneal antigenic materials, and accelerates the process of antigen presentation, thereby playing an important role in corneal immunity. However, due to the paral el outgrowth of corneal blood and lymphatic vessels in transplanted corneas, it is often difficult to accurately evaluate the role of corneal lymphatic vessels in allograft rejection. OBJECTIVE:To explore the development of corneal lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis in transplanted rat corneas after the blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C). METHODS:130 rats used to establish corneal al ogenic transplantation models were equally randomized into two groups:the anti-VEGF-C group and the control group. VEGF-C was blocked in the anti-VEGF-C group by intraperitoneal injection of neutralizing monoclonal anti-VEGF-C antibody every other day for 2 consecutive weeks. Meanwhile, rats in control groups received intraperitoneal injections of saline. Corneal angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis were characterized using whole mount immunofluorescence, and the immune rejection of the grafts was evaluated by scoring the rejection index (RI). In addition, the expression of VEGF-C was examined by real-time PCR. The relationship of corneal lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis to RI in transplanted corneas was also characterized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:VEGF-C expression was markedly downregulated after VEGF-C blockade. Corneal lymphangiogenesis developed in parallel with corneal angiogenesis in the control group. While there was a mild reduction in blood vessel area (BVA) and a significant decrease in lymphatic vessel area (LVA) in the anti-VEGF-C group (P<0.05). In addition, RI was positively correlated with BVA (P<0.05) and LVA (P<0.05) in the control group. However, although RI was significantly correlated with BVA (P<0.05) in the anti-VEGF-C group, the correlation between RI and LVA was not statistically significant (P>0.05). the graft survival time in the anti-VEGF-C group was significantly increased compared with that in the control group (P<0.05). Our results show that the outgrowth of lymphatic vessels is separated from that of blood vessels in transplanted corneas by blocking VEGF-C. The blockade of VEGF-C has a significant role in preventing corneal lymphangiogenesis in corneal beds, which results in higher al ograft survival rates.

Photodynamic therapy ( PDT ) is a new technique to diagnose and treat diseases with photodynamic effect produced by photosensitizer and light, and is now a main method of treating exudative age - related macular degeneration ( AMD ) . ln recent years, with the development of science and technology, combinations of PDT have become a research hot spot. ln this paper, we reviewed the research status of treatments on exudative AMD with PDT combined anti-VEGF drugs.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of behavior training on the expression of NR2B around the infarcted focus and in the cortex of temporal lobe in rats with bilateral hippocampal infarction.Methods54 SD rats were randomized into pre-training, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d after training groups, pre-immobilization, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d immobilization groups and control group. Behavior training and immobilization were performed on the 3rd day after the infarction. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of NR2B around the infarcted focus and in the cortex of temporal lobe at different points of time.ResultsThe expression of NR2B was abundant in the normal hippocampus and cortex of temporal lobe of rats. The expression of NR2B decreased after infarction and increased after behavior training. However, the expression of NR2B had little increased in immobilization groups, and showed significant difference compared with that in behavior training groups (P<0.01).ConclusionBehavior training can accelerate the expression of NR2B around the infarcted focus and in the cortex of temporal lobe in rats with bilateral hippocampal infarction.

Objective To understand the current situation of iodine deficiency diserders(IDD) in Longyan City and to evaluate the effect of prevention and control measures of IDD in order to provide evidence for formulating prevention and control tactics. Methods During the year of 2006 and 2007, the 30 primary schools were screened by population proportion survey(PPS) from the 7 counties of Longyan City. Forty children aged 8-10 years in each school were randomly selected as a group to examine thyroid, and 7 children in each group were selected to measure the urine iodine and the salt iodine at the same time. The goiter rote, the median urinary iodine, the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt, the iodine salt coverage rate, the rate of qualified iodized salt and the non-iodized rate were detected. Results The goiter rate of children aged 8-10 years old in Longyan City was 0.94%(79/8438). The median urinary iodine was 259.12 μg/L. The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.86% (1462/1494). The iodine salt coverage rate was 99.46%(1486/1494). The rate of qualified iodized salt was 98.38 (1462/1486), and the non-iodized rate was 0.54% (8/1494). Conclusions All indicators have reached the national standard of eliminating IDD in Longyan City.

Objective To study the use of nursing outcome classification (NOC)in the specialized gerontology nursing, so as to make the basis for popularizing the NOC.Methods 293 elderly inpatients were taken care by the specialized gerontology nursing while the NOC was used to determine the nursing outcome, the nursing measures and aims were amended constantly according to the outcome and the doctors would be suggested to adjust their diagnosis and treat schemes.Results The adverse event of nursing in observation group was less than that of control group(2.5% vs 17.3%,χ2=17.86,P<0.01). the diagnosis, measures and their NOC knowledge of nursing and skills were improved significantly(P<0.01).Conclusions The application of NOC in gerontology nursing is helpful to use nursing procedures to promote the level of nursing qualities and their professional competency in specialized gerontology nursing.

OBJECTIVESuppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) have been shown to play an important role in regulating cytokines, such as intracellular interferon (IFN) and interleukin (IL), in the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway. At present, the association between SOCS and asthma is still under study. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with the intracellular IFN-'/IL-4 ratio in CD4+ T cells and specific IgE (sIgE) level in children with asthma.

METHODSBMCs were collected from 44 children with allergic asthma (4-14 years) and 30 healthy children. The intracellular IFN-'/IL-4 ratio in CD4+ T cells was measured by flow cytometry. Total RNAs were extracted from the PBMCs and SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 mRNA expression was measured by SYBR Green I quantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTSCompared with the healthy children, children with allergic asthma showed a lower level of intracellular IFN-' in peripheral blood [(15.7±2.0)% vs (19.1±2.7)%] and IFN-'/IL-4 ratio (3.4±1.5 vs 4.8±2.9) and higher SOCS-1 mRNA expression (-Ct, 11.1±1.9 vs 12.6±2.8). There was a negative relationship between SOCS-1 mRNA expression and the percentage of IFN-'-producing CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood in both asthmatic and healthy children (P<0.05). No correlation was found between SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 expression and sIgE level.

CONCLUSIONSChildren with allergic asthma have elevated levels of SOCS-1 mRNA in PBMCs, which is associated with Th2-skewed immune response.

Adolescent ; Asthma ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytokines ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; genetics ; Interleukin-4 ; genetics ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Signal Transduction ; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 Protein ; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein ; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins ; genetics ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo observe the temperature change of traditional silver needle in the human body during the burning of moxa ball.

METHODSThirty-six healthy volunteers were randomly divided into a single-needle group and a multi-needle group, 18 cases in each group. For both groups, one silver needle (18 cm in length, 1.1 mm in diameter), which was adopted in this research to measure the temperature change, was punctured in the insertion point of the volunteer (inside the top of the left buttock, 7 cm under the edge of the highest point of the iliac crest, 7 cm lateral to the dorsomedian line), then another four silver needles were punctured 2 cm respectively anterior, posterior and lateral to the insertion point in the multi-needle group, and all the silver needles were inserted with 6 cm depth. Afterigniting the 1.3 g moxa ball on the needle tail, the temperature of the measuring points that were 3 mm, 33 mm, and 63 mm above the silver needle tip were recorded separately by digital temperature measuring instrument.

RESULTSThe peak temperature of the three measuring points in the single-needle group was all around 41 degrees C, while those in the multi-needle group were around 43 degrees C, which had significant differences (all P < 0.05), but no significant differences among the highest temperature of the measuring points in the same group could be found (all P > 0.05). The highest temperature of moxa ball in the single needle group was (611.16 +/- 6.91) degrees C, while that of the central moxa ball in the multi-needle group was (628.94 +/- 8.99) degrees C, the difference of which was significant difference (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe temperature conductivity of the silver needle is very well, so the heat of the moxa ball could pass from the tail of needle to the tip during the warming treatment. The peak temperature on the body, tip of the silver needle in the multi-needle group is higher than those in the single needle group. Also, the peak temperature of multi-moxa ball is higher than that of single moxa ball.

Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; Adult ; Female ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Needles ; Young Adult