AIM: To investigate the preoperative binocular visual function of intermittent exotropia and the rebuilding and recovery of the postoperative binocular visual function, and analyze the effect of binocular visual function on orthophoria after surgery.
METHODS:From January 2011 to January 2014, 47 basic intermittent exotropia patients caming for treatment were collected in the clinical data. The changes in their near stereopsis, binocular visual function, binocular fusion and distance stereopsis after operations were recorded in the form of data. The preoperative binocular vision and the postoperative rebuilding were analyzed and contrasted with each other. In addition, the effect on the postoperative maintaining of orthophoria due to the existence, recovery and rebuilding of binocular visual function were observed.
RESULTS:Intermittent exotropia patients got damage in different levels on their binocular visual functions, especially on distance stereopsis, which was the heaviest and earliest. After the operation, all functions were obviously recovered and reconstructed and the improvements were statistically significant compared against those before the operation (P<0. 01). Patients having binocular visual function or part of it before the operation had a higher ratio of orthophoria compared against the patients who had lost binocular visual function before the operation and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 01). The recovery and reconstruction of the postoperative binocular visual function played an important role in maintaining the orthophoria.
CONCLUSION: The intermittent exotropia cause damage to the stereopsis which happened the earliest. Obvious recovery and reconstruction of binocular visual function can be observed after the surgery. A relatively good preoperative binocular visual function may lead to the increase in the ratio of orthophoria or cure the intermittent exotropia. Performing an operation when distance stereopsis is damaged can increase the success rate for the surgery and reduce the recurrence rate.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; virology ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; pathology ; virology ; Colposcopy ; Cytodiagnosis ; DNA Probes, HPV ; DNA, Viral ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Papillomaviridae ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; pathology ; virology ; Vaginal Smears ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo assess embryo implantation rate (IR) and pregnancy rate (PR) in women who received Bushen Wengong Decoction (BSWGD), a Chinese herbal formula, combined with low dose of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) prior to frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET).

METHODSA total of 262 subjects (674 transferred embryos) who received FET were analyzed retrospectively. In them, 122 women were under 30 years old, 106 between 30 - 35 years and 32 over 35 years. The 85 subjects with normal ovulation were assigned to Group A, the natural menstruation cycling group, on whom no pre-transfer treatment was applied. The other 177 subjects with abnormal ovulation were assigned to Group B, and subdivided, according to the pre-transfer treatment they received, into three groups, Group B1 (50 cases) received BSWGD, Group B2 (58 cases) received hMG and Group B3 (69 cases) received both BSWGD and low dose hMG. The IR and PR of FET in the four groups were compared, and the effect of the embryo cryotime on PR of FET were compared also. Besides, the influencing factors to FET were analyzed.

RESULTSIR and PR were significantly higher in all age sects of Group B3 than those in Group A, showing significant difference (P< 0.05). IR and PR in subjects in age sects of <30 years and > 35 years in group B3 were significantly higher than those in Group B1 ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was shown in the two parameters between Group B 2 and Group B3 (P>0.05). PR in the subjects who received embryos with cryo-time of > 200 days was significantly lower than that in those with cryo-time of < 100 days ( P<0.05). Embryo cryo-time, endometrial thickness, use of BSWGD and use of hMG were of significance in FET ( P 0.05).

CONCLUSIONA programmed cycle of BSWGD combined with low dose of hMG could improve the embryo IR and PR of FET. Embryo cryo-time, endometrial thickness, and the use of BSWGD and hMG are of significance for FET.

Adult ; Cryopreservation ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Humans ; Menotropins ; administration & dosage ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Retrospective Studies

The production of sperm is a very complicated and orderly process, which involves the proliferation and differentiation of cells. The in vitro culture of spermatogenic cells includes tissue culture and cell culture. This study focuses on the advances in the in vitro culture of spermatogenic cells, testicular tissue culture and their culture conditions, and sums up the advantages and disadvantages of various culture methods, in an attempt to find the best method for differentiating spermatogenic cells in vitro and make the culture of spermatogenic cells an important means of treating male infertility.
Animals ; Cell Count ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Germ Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Spermatozoa ; cytology ; Testis ; cytology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the influence of Tinglizi on collagen volume fraction (CVF) and perivascular collagen volume area (PVCA ) in left ventricle tissue of cardiac hypertrophy induced by abdominal aortic banding in rats.

METHODVentricular remodeling was induced by abdominal aortic banding (AAB) in rats. After 30 day treatment, the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP); heart rate (HR) were measured. The histological assay consisted of the HE stain for determining the myo-cardium cell cross section and collagen stain (Van Gieson' method) for determining collagen content, including collagen volume fracton (CVF) and perivascular collagen volume area (PVCA).

RESULTThe experimental data demonstrated that Tinglizi decreased SBP, DBP, HR and could significantly reduce the total collagen content (CVF, PVCA) and lessen the myocardium cell cross section (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTinglizi may decrease the total collagen content of ventricle and attenuate the ventricular remodeling induced by abdominal aortic banding.

Animals ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Cardiomegaly ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; Heart Ventricles ; drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ventricular Remodeling ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo report the results of clinical characteristics, enzyme activity determination and mutation analysis of GLB1 gene in a Chinese patient with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type IVB (Morquio B disease).

METHODA 14-year-old Chinese boy with MPS type IVB was firstly diagnosed by blood leucocytes galactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS) and β-galactosidase (GLB1) determination, who was characterized by short stature, multiplex skeletal abnormalities, difficulty in walking. PCR-sequencing analysis was applied to detect the mutations in GLB1 of the patient.

RESULTThe patient was characterized by dwarfism, pectus carinatum, kyphosis, normal intelligence, and no neurologic damage of spasms, linguistic capacity and so on. The patient had normal GALNS enzyme activity and very low GLB1 enzyme activity [5.03 nmol/(h·mg) vs. normal value 118 - 413 nmol/(h·mg) ] in leukocytes. A compound heterozygous missense mutations c.442C > T(p.R148C)/c.1454A > G(p.Y485C) in GLB1 gene were detected in this patient. The mutation p.Y485C is a novel variant. With the method of gene analysis of new variant, the mutation p.Y485C was considered to be a pathogenic mutation.

CONCLUSIONThe MPS IVB patient showed severe multiple skeletal deformities, normal intelligence, no neurologic damage and very low GLB1 enzyme activity, who carries compound heterozygous mutations p.R148C/p.Y485C. The mutation p.Y485C in GLB1 gene may be a novel pathologic mutation of MPS type IVB.

Adolescent ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Chondroitinsulfatases ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Humans ; Joints ; pathology ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mucopolysaccharidosis IV ; enzymology ; genetics ; pathology ; Mutation, Missense ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Radiography ; Spine ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; beta-Galactosidase ; genetics ; metabolism

500 pmol/L were greater than those in any group.Conclusion Serum MMP-2 can be involved in left ventricular remodeling of HF,and measuring its concentration is helpful to judge the severity and prognosis of HF.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the distribution of inflammatory cells and positive expression of P-se- lectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) in infant brainstem tissue from hand-foot-mouth disease related fatal brainstem encephalitis. METHODS: Twenty brainstem samples from infants suffered from brainstem en- cephalitis were collected as the experimental group. Ten brainstem samples from infants died of non- brain diseases and injuries were collected as the control group. The distribution of inflammatory cells and the expression of PSGL-1 in the two groups were examined by immunohistochemical method. The characteristics of the positive cells were observed. RESULTS: In brainstem tissue of the experimental group, there were sleeve infiltrations of inflammatory cells around the vessels and in the glial nodule. Microglia was the most and following was neutrophils around the vessels and in the glial nodule. There was a significant statistical difference among microglias, neutrophils and lymphocytes (P < 0.05). There was no sleeve infiltration in the control group. PSGL-1 protein was expressed widely in inflammatory cells in the experimental group, especially in the inflammatory cells around the vessels and in the glial nodule. But PSGL-1 positive staining could be observed significantly less in the control group comparing with the experimental group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Microglia is the main type of inflammatory cells involved in the progress of the fatal disease. Moreover, PSGL-1 could participate in the pathogenesis of hand-foot-mouth disease related fatal brainstem encephalitis.
Brain Stem/pathology* ; Encephalitis/pathology* ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/pathology* ; Humans ; Infant ; Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism* ; Microglia/pathology* ; Neutrophils/pathology*

Objective To investigate the effect of reducing blood lipid in three effective parts of Rheum palmatum L.based on variation coefficient weight.Methods First of all,the SD rat model of hyperlipidemia was given the water extract,the ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate extract of Rheum palmatum L.,then the content of total cholesterol (TC),high densitylipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),triglyceride (TG) in serum were determined and general survival of rats was analyzed.Then using fuzzy matter-element model on variation coefficient weight to evaluate the comprehensive reducing blood lipid effect of different extract parts of Rheum palmatum L..In the end,combining with the result of the value of Euclid approach degree,compared the effect of normal group (M1),the model group (M2),the positive control group (Xuezhikang,M3),the water extract group(M4),the ethanol extract group (M5),the ethyl acetate extract group (M6) of blood lipid.Results Compared with model group,the water extract part and the ethanol extract part of Rheum palmatum L.could reduce the congtents of TC,LDL-C,TG and rise HDL-C.Combining with the result of the value of Euclid approach degree,the water extract was 0.74,the ethanol extract was 0.54.Combining with the result of the value of Euclid approach degree,the order of its magniude is M3 ＞ M4 ＞ M1 ＞ M5 ＞ M6 ＞ M2.Conclusion The water extract part is the effective part of reducing blood lipid.The method and model can be used to objectively evaluate the comprehensive effect of reducing blood lipid of Rheum palmatum L.'s three extracted parts.

Objective To investigate the effect of constant temperature and humidity system (MR850humidification system) in airway humidification for patients with mechanical ventilation after tracheotomy.Methods 60 patients with mechanical ventilation after tracheotomy were randomly divided into two groups,each with 30 cases.The experimental group used MR850 humidification system,while the control group used the normal breathing circuit system.Sputum viscosity,sputum scab,bronchial spasm,irritating cough,ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and nursing workload including the dumping of condensed water,sputum suction time and pipeline nursing were compared between two groups.Results The incidence rate of VAP was 46.67％ in the control group and 16.67％ in the experimental group,with statistically significant difference (x2 =6.24,P ＜ 0.05).The sputum suction time was (7 ± 3) s per time in the control group and (5 ±2)s per time in the experimental group,with statistically significant difference (t =3.04,P＜0.01).The incidence rate of sputum viscosity,sputum scab,bronchial spasm and irritating cough,as well as nursing workload including dumping ondensed water,adding humidification water and pipeline nursing were all lower in the experimental group than in the control group,and the differences were statisticallysignificant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The constant temperature and humidity system is effective in airway humidification for patients with mechanical ventilation after tracheotomy,which can reduce the incidence of VAP and nursing workload,thus is worthy of popularization and application.