The rapid development of medical science and technology, which has greatly promoted the development of medicine and the improvement of diagnosis and treatment, has also brought about various negative impacts in clinical practice on the doctor-patient relationship. The paper attempts to analyze these impacts from such perspectives as medical treatment, society, ethics, and law and proposes some corresponding countermeasures in perspective of the present reality: (1)rationally controlling medical expenses; (2) effectively stepping up communication; (3)appropriately handling difficult ethical problems; (4) amplifying necessary health rules and regulations. The goal is to create a win-win situation for both progress in medical science and technology and improvement of the doctor-patient relationship.

OBLECTIVE:To promote a sustained and quick development of the high-tech medicine industry in our country.METHODS:The related literature was consulted and the current developmental status of the high-tech medicine in-dustry in our country was analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:The high-tech industry in our country can be pushed on only through rearrange industry mix at the right time,constructing a serial comprehensive development terrace,supporting es-pecially those medicine enterprises that with core technology and independent intellectual property rights,building a virtual strategic league together with the academy of higher learning and scientific research institutes.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the enterovirus 71 (EV 71) protective antibody level of health adults people in Beijing.

METHODSSerum samples and information of participants were collected from hospitals in Beijing. EV71 IgG was tested by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay (ELISA). EV 71 neutralization antibody was evaluated by micro-cytopathic effect neutralization test (MCPENT).

RESULTS486 participants were enrolled. Age range was 19-62 years old. The average EV 71 IgG positive rate was 40. 3% , there are no significant difference between the EV 71 IgG positive rate of male and female. The rate of EV 71 neutralization antibody which title high than 1:256 is 13.3%. The rate of EV 71 IgG and the titile of EV 71 neutralization antibody are decreasing by the age.

CONCLUSION40% of health adults of Beijing area have EV71 protective antibody. But the title higher than 1:256 is only 13.3%. EV 71 protective antibody decreases significantly with the age.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; blood ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; China ; Enterovirus A, Human ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged

Anastomosis, Surgical ; Anastomotic Leak ; Humans ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Rectum/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Suction ; Therapeutic Irrigation

OBJECTIVETo master the distribution of male and female soldiers' body composition with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method in order to provide data for building up the standards in comparison with those of ordinary residents.

METHODSA cluster stratified sample of 5968 graduated soldiers among different armed services colleges was measured by BIA. Five percent-95% distributions with in the upper and lower limits were established on basis of the above result. The crosswise comparison was also performed.

RESULTS(1) Five percent-95% reference ranges of people in the graduating class of armed services colleges were body fat percentage (BF%): 10.30%-20.70% (male) and 19.20%-30.10% (female), body mass index (BMI): 19.30-25.70 (male) and 18.00-23.99 (female), lean body mass percentage (LBM%): 79.27%-86.69% (male) and 69.89%-80.69% (female), muscle percentage (M%): 74.24%-83.96% (male) and 65.23%-75.27% (female), bone percentage (B%): 5.01% 5.77% (male) and 4.65%-5.51% (female). (2) Soldiers in the graduating class of armed services colleges have less BF%, more B% and M% than those of ordinary residents in the same age and the same sex.

CONCLUSION(1) Soldiers in the graduating class of armed services colleges have better body composition than that of ordinary residents in the same age and the same sex; (2) Standard of body composition for soldiers in the graduating class of armed services colleges should be different from that of ordinary residents, a new standard should be built up.

Body Composition ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel ; Young Adult

It is the objective of this study to develop dynamic predictive model for the extraction process of red Ginseng using NIR spectroscopy. NIR spectroscopy was collected online and PLSR models were developed for total quantity of ginsenosides. The performance of NIR prediction model achieved R, RMSEC, RMSEP of 0.996 09, 0.018 9, 0.016 8, respectively. A first order dynamic mass transfer model was combined with NIR prediction of the quality indicator to predict the trajectory of the extraction process based upon the initial 3 or 4 data points. The results showed good agreement with actual measurements indicating reasonable accuracy of the predictive model. It could potentially be used for advanced predictive control of the extraction process.
Chemical Fractionation ; methods ; Ginsenosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Models, Theoretical ; Panax ; chemistry ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared

Objective To evaluate the trend in prenatal diagnosis of single gene disorders (SGD) and role ofmultidisciplinary cooperative mode.Methods In January l,2012,amultidisciplinarycooperativemode for SGD diagnosis was established in the Peking University First Hospital,involving Departments of Obstetrics,Pediatrics,Neurology,Dermatology and Central Laboratory.For each pregnant woman with a family history of SGD for prenatal diagnosis,propositus should be diagnosed in the relevant departments,and then further diagnosed,managed and followed up by the Obstetrics Department.Up to December 31,2014,of 6 681 women for prenatal diagnosis,279 women had a family history of SGD:76 of them received chorionic villus sampling (CVS) at 11-14 gestational weeks,and 203 received amniocentesis (AC) at 16-22 gestational weeks.The trend in SGD diagnosis and the safety of CVS and AC were analyzed using Chi-square test.Results The proportion of SGD family history in AC group was 3.2％ (203/6 355),which stayed stable with 2.3％ (47/2 054) in 2012,3.9％ (78/2 023) in 2013 and 3.4％ (78/2 278) in 2014,and there was no significant difference between 2013 and 2014 (x2=0.571,P=0.463).In CVS group,the proportion of SGD family history was 23.3％ (76/326),showing an increasing trend with 18.2％ (8/44) in 2012,17.6％ (19/108) in 2013 and 28.2％ (49/174) in 2014,and there were significant differences between 2013 and 2014 (x2=4.067,P=0.046).The proportion of SGD family history in CVS group was higher than in AC group in year 2012,2013 and 2014 (x2＝42.626,44.531 and 201.400,all P=0.000).Among the 279 cases of SGD family history,no complications and adverse outcome were observed except an intra-uterine fetal death occurring 6 months after CVS in one woman,but 3 fetuses were found to have chromosome anomalies with one trisomy 18,one 45,X,and one mosaicism of 45,X/46,XY which was determined to be normal by AC.Conclusions SGD family history is one of the important indicators in prenatal diagnosis,and CVS is feasible for prenatal diagnosis of SGD family history as early as in the first trimester.Multidisciplinary cooperative mode is helpful in SGD family history diagnosis.

Objective To establish a method for isolation of cynomolgus monkey umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.Methods Fresh cynomolgus monkey umbilical cord was directly minced into pasty fine pieces, and the pieces were cultured in tissue flask with DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum.The morphological characteristics of the resulting cells were examined, and their expression of mesenchymal cell surface markers were analyzed by flow cytometry.The multidifferentiation potential was examined in vitro, too.Results The fibroblast-like cells were successfully isolated from the fresh umbilical cord by an adherent culture procedure.These adherent cells expressed mesenchymal markers including CD29, CD44, and CD90, and also could be induced to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes.Conclusion Mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from fresh cynomolgus monkey umbilical cord by using an adherent culture procedure.

OBJECTIVETo analyze and evaluate the reproductive effects of occupational exposure to mercury among female workers and to identify relative sensitive indicators.

METHODSDocuments on the relations of occupational exposure to mercury and reproductive effects on female workers were collected through computer and manually that were published in Chinese language during 1989-2006. After strict selection, homogeneity test and integrated analysis for the abstracted data of the eligible studies were conducted using Review Manager Statistic Software. Combined RR value was used as the index for total effect on each project for Meta-analysis.

RESULTSIn total, 14 original research papers were included (totally 2148 subjects and 2044 controls). When comparing to the controls, the occupational exposure to mercury was significantly associated with longer menstrual period (RR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.45-2.30), menstrual cycle delay (RR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.74-2.37) and the changes of menstrual blood volume (RR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.47-2.09), dysmenorrhea (RR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.54-2.99), pregnancy-induced hypertension (RR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.32-3.57), stillbirths (RR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.41-4.56) and low birth weight (RR = 3.39, 95% CI: 1.38-8.33)/birth defect (RR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.55-4.60) of their offspring (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOccupational exposure to mercury could cause dysfunction of the menstrual period, menstrual cycle, menstrual blood volume, as well as dysmenorrhea for female workers being exposed to mercury and inducing adverse reproductive outcomes, including pregnancy-induced hypertension, stillbirth, low birth weight and birth defects of their offspring.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Dysmenorrhea ; chemically induced ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; chemically induced ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Menstrual Cycle ; drug effects ; Mercury ; adverse effects ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; chemically induced ; Stillbirth ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To determine the ratio of deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) proteins and Lynch syndrome among patients undergoing colorectal cancer resection. METHODS: From June 2014 to May 2016, immunohistochemistry for mismatch repair proteins including mutL homolog 1 (MLH1), mutS homolog 2 (MSH2), mutS homolog 6 (MSH6) and PMS1 homolog 2 (PMS2) were carried out on 207 surgically resected specimens. Samples with lost expression of MMR proteins underwent genetic testing. RESULTS: Loss of expression of MMR proteins were found among 21 patients and accounted for 10.14% of the colorectal cancers. dMMR was more common in patients ≤50 years old, or with proximal tumor at splenic flexure and mucinous adenocarcinoma. Ten patients underwent genetic testing, with three pathogenic mutations (MSH6 c.3013C>T, MLH1 c.199G>A and a novel MSH6 c.584delT) and four ambiguous mutations identified. At least 1.4% of the colorectal cancers were diagnosed as Lynch syndrome. CONCLUSION Routine screening for Lynch syndrome among patients with colorectal cancer with MMR protein immunohistochemistry as preliminary screening method and MMR gene sequencing as diagnostic method is effective and feasible. It can reduce missed diagnosis of Lynch syndrome and bring lifelong benefit to patients and their families.
Adolescent ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Middle Aged ; Mismatch Repair Endonuclease PMS2 ; MutS Homolog 2 Protein