Objective To investigate the effect of bifidobacteria on dextran sulphate sodium(DSS)- induced acute ulcerative colitis in mice.Methods Thirty BALB/C mice were randomly divided into nor- mal control group (n=10),0501 strain group (n=10) and c122 strain group (n=10).Fifty BALB/ C mice received 5% dextran sulphate sodium(DSS) for 7 days to induce ulcerative colitis.The mice were then divided to model group,negative control group(perfused with 0.9 NaCl solution ),positive control group(perfused with SASP of 20 mg/ml),DSS + 0501 strain group(perfused with 1?10~9 CFU/ml bifidobacteria 0501 strain solution and DSS + c122 strain group (perfused with 1?10~9 CFU/ml bifidobacteria c122 strain solution).All mice were sacrificed 9 days later.The colon specimens were measure by histoehemical staining with H-E.The expressions of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and its protein were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively.Results The degree of colon inflam- mation in mice both in DSS+ 0501 strain and DSS+ c122 strain groups were aggravated and expressions of IL-10 mRNA and protein were reduced compared to model group.No colon inflammation was found in 0501 strain and c122 strain groups.Conclusion Some strain of bifidobaeteria may aggravate colon in- flammation in mice when mucosal harrier is destroyed.

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary sequestration(PS) in children.Methods The clinical data of 19 children with PS confirmed by operation and(or) imaging examination from Mar.2003 to May.2008 were analyzed retrospectively.Thirteen cases were male,and 6 cases were female.One case was newborn infant.Seventeen cases received operation.Intralober type had a pulmonary lobectomy and extralobar type had a sequestrectomy.Chest X-ray and CT scan examinations were performed on the patients before operation.Results Seventeen cases got complete cure by operation,and the mean age at operation was 5.2 years.Chest enhanced CT indicated abnormal feeding arteries.Lobectomy was performed in 13 cases of intralobar PS,4 cases of extralobar PS were resected in the separated lung tissue,and all patients had unilateral lesions.No late deaths occurred in this group except 1 case who was complicated with malformation,and the postoperative follow-up showed an excellent recovery.Conclusions The main diagnostic methods of PS are CT and angiography.The diagnosis of PS can be confirmed when systemic feeding arteries are indicated on enhanced CT scans.Surgical resection is the main choice of treatment in all cases of PS in order to prevent recurrent infection and hemoptysis.The excellent results can be obtained by surgery.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical features of Crohn disease according to the Montreal classification.

METHODSClinical data of 43 surgical patients with Crohn disease (surgical group) and 125 non-surgical patients with Crohn disease (non-surgical group) were retrospectively analyzed and compared between two groups. The Montreal classification was used.

RESULTSIn the surgical group, 28 patients (65.1%) were A2, 14 (32.6%) were A3 and only one was A1, which was not significantly different as compared to the non-surgery group. The proportions of L1, L2, L3, and L4 subtype in the surgical group were 41.9%, 25.6%, 30.2%, and 2.3%, respectively, which was not significantly different as compared to that in the non-surgery group. In the surgical group,B1 disease was found in 1 case (2.3%), B2 in 26 cases (60.5%), and B3 in 16 cases (37.2%), while in the non-surgical group, B1 was found in 79 cases (63.2%), B2 in 44 cases (35.2%) and B3 in 2 cases (1.6%). Differences were significant between two groups in disease behavior (P=0.001, P=0.004, P=0.001).

CONCLUSIONSMost surgical patients of Crohn disease are A2. L1 and L3 are the main lesion location. As disease behavior, B2 and B3 are the main reasons for operation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Crohn Disease ; classification ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reference Standards ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Congresses as Topic ; Humans ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of herceptin(trastuzumab) plus adjuvant chemotherapy on the prognosis of patients with human epithelial growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive early-stage breast cancer by Meta-analysis. METHODS: Search all of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on herceptin plus adjuvant chemotherapy for HER2 positive early-stage breast cancer in MEDLINE, EMBase, Cochrane library, Clinical Trails, ASCO Conference data, CHKD, Wanfang Database, VIP information, scholar.google.com and SIGLE. A Meta-analysis was carried out by collecting information based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria from all papers available. RESULTS: The Meta-analysis included 4 trials. A total of 9116 patients were included in the analysis(4555 in the study group and 4561 in the control group). There were statistical differences between the study group(herceptin plus adjuvant chemotherapy) and the control group(adjuvant chemotherapy) in the disease-free survival rate [relative risk(RR)=1.08, 95% CI, 1.06-1.09, P<0.001], the overall survival rate(RR=1.01, 95% CI, 1.01-1.02, P=0.0003), the distant recurrence rate(RR=0.49, 95% CI, 0.42-0.57, P<0.001), and the cardiac events rate (RR=3.93,95% CI, 1.03-15.06, P=0.05). CONCLUSION Herceptin plus adjuvant chemotherapy can improve the disease-free survival rate and the overall survival rate, decrease distant recurrence rate of patients with HER2 positive early-stage breast cancer, but may cause heart toxicity, especially when combined with anthracycline (doxorubicin).
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Female ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; genetics ; Trastuzumab

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the diagnosis and treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia after liver transplantation.

METHODSFive cases of CMV pneumonia after liver transplantation were analyzed retrospectively. CMV pneumonia was diagnosed according to its clinical manifestation, chest X-ray, and etiologic test. All 5 patients received comprehensive therapy based on anti-virus treatment and immunologic adjustment.

RESULTSThe clinical manifestation of CMV pneumonia after liver transplantation was nonspecific. Its main symptoms included fever, cough, dyspnea, tachycardia, fatigue, hypoxemia and neutropenia. The chest X-ray showed interstitial pneumonia. Sera CMV antigens or antibodies could be detected in the patients. Four patients were cured and 1 patient died.

CONCLUSIONSThe clinical manifestation of CMV pneumonia was nonspecific. CMV pneumonia could be diagnosed according to its manifestations, chest X-ray and etiologic test. The comprehensive therapy based on anti-virus treatment and immunologic adjustment was effective for the disease.

Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia, Viral ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Postoperative Complications ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo identify the clinical characteristics of and to explore the prognostic factors influencing mortality in children with Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH).

METHODA retrospective study was conducted on 62 pediatric patients with EBV-HLH who were admitted to our hospital between 2003 and 2008. All their medical records were reviewed and analyzed. For each patient, demographic, clinical and laboratory data, genetic findings and outcome information were collected. The patients were divided into two groups: deceased or survived based on the follow-up results. Comparative analysis of the data was done by using independent-samples t test and Logistic multiple and univariate regression.

RESULT(1) Among the 62 EBV-HLH patients, 36 were male and 26 were female. The age of onset ranged from 2 months to 14 years and most of the patients were between 1 and 3 years of age. EBV-HLH occurred mainly in the setting of reactivation (61.3%). (2) All patients exhibited persistent or intermittent fever and cytopenia >/= 2 cell lines. Most of the patients presented with hepatomegaly (83.9%), splenomegaly (72.6%) and lymphadenopathy (69.4%). The main laboratory features showed an elevation of serum ferritin and aminotransferase levels. A reduction in serum albumin was observed and exhibited coagulopathy with hypofibrinogenemia and hypertriglyceridemia in most of the patients. Forty-eight of patients had hemophagocytosis in bone marrow at diagnosis of EBV-HLH. The serum EBV DNA level in 14 of 31 patients with EBV-HLH was in the range of 5.12 x 10(2) - 7.69 x 10(7) copies/ml with a mean value of 10(3.9) copies/ml. (3) Three heterozygous mutations in coding region were found, which resulted in amino acid change (C102F, S108N and T450M) in 3 patients. One patient had compound heterozygous mutations (S108N and T450M) in the PRF1 gene as the background defect and documented familial HLH type 2 (FHL2). (4) During the observational period, 35 of 57 patients (61.4%) died 3 months to 3 years after the onset, while 21 of whom died despite aggressive polychemotherapy, 15 of whom died within 2 months after hospitalization. The deceased patients were more likely to have lower albumin level and more prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time than the survived patients (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that duration of illness >/= 1 month, non-chemotherapy, albumin level < / = 25 microg/L and internal organs hemorrhage were related with the prognosis significantly (P < 0.05 for all comparisons).

CONCLUSIONThis study revealed that EBV-HLH infection in pediatric patients had severe clinical courses and prognosis was poor and the majority of cases underwent EBV reactivation. The early diagnosis, prompt and proper chemotherapy can improve the survival rate. The duration of illness >/= 1 month, non-chemotherapy, decreases in albumin and internal organs hemorrhage were the risk factors related to mortality in children with EBV-HLH.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; complications ; physiopathology ; Female ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; complications ; diagnosis ; virology ; Male ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo improve the technique of prominent malar complex reduction.

METHODSThe improvements of the operation procedure included double-oblique osteotomy of the prominent malar complex, accessorial tiny preauricular incision and the way that the complex was moved upward, inward or posteriorly. The zygomatic body was fixed with microplate screw or steelwire. The jugal soft tissue was lifted to prevent facial slack. The method was used in 17 cases from June 2000 to April 2004.

RESULTSPostoperative follow up for 4 approximately 24 months showed satisfactory result in all the cases.

CONCLUSIONSThis modified method resolved some problems in reduction malarplasty through an intraoral approach.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult ; Zygoma ; surgery

BACKGROUNDRecent studies have reported germline mutations in the perforin gene (PRF1) in some types of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). However, the prevalence of PRF1 mutations in HLH in Chinese pediatric patients has not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of mutations and sequence variations in the PRF1 gene in Chinese pediatric patients with HLH.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed with five pairs of primers for the coding exons and the flanking intron sequences of PRF1. Sequencing of PCR products was subsequently applied in 30 pediatric patients with HLH and in 50 controls.

RESULTSThree heterozygous mutations in a coding region were found, which resulted in amino acid changes (C102F, S108N and T450M) in three patients. These mutations were not detected in control subjects. One patient had compound heterozygous mutations (S108N and T450M) in PRF1 as the background defect, and documented familial HLH type 2 (FHL2). One synonymous sequence variant (Q540Q) was observed in one patient but not in the controls. Two SNPs (A274A, H300H) in the coding region were detected in HLH patients and controls, but without differences in the heterozygosity rate between the two groups (P > 0.05 for all comparisons).

CONCLUSIONSWe have identified three patients with three heterozygous missense mutations in PRF1; two of those three mutations (C102F and S108N) have so far been found only from Chinese patients. These findings are useful in evaluating the prevalence of PRF1 mutations in Chinese pediatric patients with HLH, and to correlate their genotype with phenotype. Some patients without familial history probably have primary HLH, which should be suspected even beyond the usual age range.

Adolescent ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; genetics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Perforin ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical features, underlying mechanism and management of major neurological complications following liver transplantation.

METHODSThe data of 467 patients undergoing liver transplantation from Oct. 2003 to Sep. 2005 were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTSNeurological complications occurred in 91 (19.49%) cases. The most common neurological complications were encephalopathy (72 cases), followed by stroke (12 cases), seizure (4 cases), central pontine myelinolysis (3 cases), and central nervous system infections (2 cases). Five encephalopathy cases were treated with continuous renal replacement and 5 intracranial hemorrhage cases with neurosurgical intervention. The mortality related to neurological complications was 10.98% (12/91).

CONCLUSIONSNeurological complications are common and potentially fatal following liver transplantation involving several factors. CsA and FK506 may play an important role in the onset of neurological complications, and stroke, especially intracranial hemorrhage, has a high mortality. Combined therapies and timely modulation of the immunosuppressive regimens may improve the patient's outcome.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nervous System Diseases ; etiology ; therapy ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors