Objective To study COX-2 expression in bladder transitional cell carcinoma in order to explore the relationship between the immunohistochemical staining and biological behavior of bladder cancer. Methods The expression of COX-2,Ki-67,and VEGF was examined in 50 cases of bladder transitional cell carcinoma and 10 normal bladder mucosa by means of immunohistochemical technique.Results The expression of COX-2 in BTCCs was higher than that in normal bladder mucosa.The positive rate of COX-2 was 80% in BTCCs while it was not detected in normal bladder mucosa.COX-2 was highly positively related to the grade,stage and prognosis of tumors.The expression of COX-2 in poorly differentiated,invasive or re- curring BTCCs was higher than that in well differentiated superficial or nonrecurring ones.But there was not significant difference between the solitary tumour and multiple ones.There were positive correlation both be- tween COX-2 and Ki-67 and between COX-2 and VEGF.Conclusion The high expression of COX-2 may benefit increase in bladder cancer cell proliferative activity.VEGF expression in COX-2 positive tumor was significantly higher than that in COX-2 negative tumor.

AIM: To investigate the effect of l menthol on percutaneous absorption of metronidazole through changing the skin character in rabbits. METHODS: Using rabbit skin with different character as transdermal barrier, and l menthol as transdermal enhancer, the absorbance of metronidazole was determined with a two cells diffusion apparatus in vitro, and its permeability was figured out. RESULTS: The transdermal action of l menthol on percutaneous absorption of metronidazole was very evident when the corneum was eliminated; l menthol and azone could increase the desposit function of metronidazole in the intact skin, but had no effect on the skin without corneum. The result also showed that the percutaneous absorption and intact skins desposit function of metronidazole had no difference between l menthol and azone. CONCLUSION: L menthol can increase the percutaneous absorption of metronidazole. The site of the action is mainly the corneum which has desposit function.

AlM:To evaluate the early diagnosis of sub-clinic stage of diabetic retinopathy.
METHODS: This was cross sectional study, multifocal retina electroretinogram ( mf-ERG ) , contrast sensitivity ( CS) and central retinal artery color Doppler examination were recorded from 30 cases ( 30 eyes ) matched control subjects, 35 cases (35 eyes) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) without diabetic retinopathy ( NDR) and 38 cases ( 38 eyes ) with non-prolifera tive diabetic retinopathy ( NPDR) . One-way ANOVA and SNK-q test were used for data analysis.
RESULTS: P1 response density of NDR patients were found decrease, N1 implicit time were delayed. Which were related with the degree of retinopathy (P<0. 05);CS of NDR patients were found significant in middle and high frequency ( P < 0. 05 ), NPDR patients were found significant in full frequency ( P<0. 05 ); Central retinal artery (CRA) blood flow in the control groups and NDR groups were not found statistically significant (P>0. 05), The differences between normal group, NDR group and NPDR group were found statistically significant (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSlON: mf-ERG and CS are sensitive indexes for early evaluation of visual function in patients with diabetes mellitus, with development of the disease, CRA blood flow also appears to decline.

In this article, we observed the serum level of Prolactin and the intensity of renal insufficiency in 40 patients with renal failure and compared their relationship. Our study showed that the serum level of Prolactin in patients with renal failure was much higher than that of normal controls (P

OBJECTIVE:Indomethacinum(Ind) and diclofenac sodium(Dcs) were taken as model drugs to study the enhancing effect of l-menthol on percutaneous absorption of two compounds with different characteristics,and to probe into the effect of combined use of l-menthol with azone.METHODS:Percutaneous penetration experiment was performed on in vitro device and deposit effect was observed with vivoperception.RESULTS:l-menthol could significantly enhance the percutaneous absorption and shorten the lag times(T1ag) of both Ind and Dcs.The enhancing effects of l-menthol,used either alone or in combination with azone,were several times stronger on Ind than on Dcs.Combined use of two enhances was more effective in enhancing penetration and longer in T1ag than single use of l-menthol,especially for Dcs.The study on deposit effect showed that l-menthol could increase the penetration rate than control agent(P

Objective To observe the effects of dorsiflexion ankle foot orthotics (d-AFO) on pelvic control of hemiplegic patients by analyzing the time-space gait parameters and 3D pelvic motion parameters.Methods Fifteen hemiplegic patients (14 male and 1 female) were enrolled in this study.The time-space gait parameters and pelvic 3D motion parameters were collecte with a Motion Analysis System while the patients were asked to walk under 3 conditions:wearing d-AFO (5°dorsiflexion),f-AFO (0°dorsiflexion) or barefoot.Results It was found that,while wearing d-AFO,the velocity,the paralyzed step length and the nonparalyzed step length were significantly increased,and the step width was significantly decreased when compared with those while walking barefoot (P ＜ 0.05).Comparison between wearing d-AFO and f-AFO showed that the sagittal and coronal plane inclinations,but not the transverse rotation of pelvis were significantly decreased when wearing the d-AFO (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions d-AFO can significantly improve pelvis control and increase gait stability in hemiplegic patients.

Objective To develop an alignment technique based on the movement of body gravity center. Methods As join forces in the system of balance is zero, the position of body gravity center can be calculated by body gravity which is taken from weight sensors, by the special software. Meanwhile, the position of body gravity will be sent to control unit, which can be transformed to driving signal of motor. The sliding table with laser, linked to motor, can make pursuit movement following with body gravity. A precise alignment can be made as the movement of body gravity. The balance function test is also used to make an assistant estimate for the alignment. Results and Conclusion An alignment technique has been developed for the fit of prosthesis and orthotics.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Heart Rate ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To investigate the effect of H 2 S and its synthetase inhibitor propargylglycine ( PAG) on the autophagic function in caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis ( AP) mice.Methods A total of 60 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control , AP, NaHS and PAG group using random number method.AP was induced in mice via hourly intraperitoneal injection of caerulein (50 μg/kg) continuously for 6 hours.NaHS and PAG group received NaHS (10 mg/kg) or PAG (50 mg/kg) 1 h before the AP induction . A equal volume of normal saline solution was injected in control group and AP group .All the mice were killed at 12 h after the first caerulein injection and blood sample was collected for the detection of serum amylase and lipase content.Deproteinization spectrometry was used to detect serum H 2 S content, and pancreatic tissue was pathological examined and scored . Real-time PCR detected mRNA expression of CSE , and the protein expression of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰand p62 was measured using Western blot .Results Serum amylase, lipase, H2S, CSE mRNA, LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰand p62 were (2 700 ±100)U/L, (70 ±20)U/L,(22.9 ±1.7)mmol/L, 1.0 ±0.1,0.419 ±0.080, 0.227 ±0.140 in control group; (17 290 ±500)U/L,(520 ±40)U/L, (31.3 ± 3.0)mmol/L, 5.4 ±0.4, 1.184 ±0.120, 1.985 ±0.210 in AP group; (27 784 ±1 200)U/L, (900 ± 80)U/L,(38.6 ±3.3)mmol/L, 6.9 ±0.9,1.600 ±0.210, 4.229 ±0.050 in NaHS group; (13 750 ± 2 000)U/L,(370 ±20)U/L, (24.5 ±2.1)mmol/L, 4.2 ±0.5, 0.745 ±0.130, 1.203 ±0.080 in PAG group.All those biomarkers detected above in AP group significantly increased compared with control group , which were much lower than those in NaHS group , but higher than those in PAG group , and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).Pancreatic histological damage in NaHS group was more severe than that in AP group , which in PAG group was less severe than that in AP group .Conclusions PAG could greatly decrease serum amylase and lipase level , and reduce the damage on autophagy and the severity of AP .

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent remnant-preserved anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with those who underwent conventional ACL reconstruction (ACLR).Methods From January 2010 to October 2012,93 eligible patients suffered from ACL injuries were randomly allocated into remnant-preserved group (ACLR with remnant preservation;n=48;Male/Female=34/14;Left/Right=25/23) and conventional group (ACLR without remnant preservation;n=45;Male/Female=33/12;Left/Right=22/23).The mean age of patients,time from injury to surgery,rates of combined meniscal injuries,and medial collateral ligament injury all showed no significant difference between the two groups preoperatively.All the patients underwent ACL reconstruction using 4-strand hamstring autografts.The postoperative assessments included knee functional scales (IKDC grade classification and Lysholm score),stability examinations (Lachman,pivot-shift,and KT-1000 arthometer),proprioceptive evaluations,and second-look arthroscopy.Results The average follow-up time was 25.4 months for the remnant-preserved group and 25.2 months for the conventional group.For IKDC grade classification,there were 32 patients with grade A,9 with grade B,1 with grade C in remnant-preserved group,whereas 30 with grade A,8 with grade B,2 with grade C in conventional group,which showed no significant difference between the two groups.Moreover,the Lysholm score (95.9±5.2 vs.95.4±1.7),Lachman test,pivot-shift test,KT-1000 arthometer (1.1±1.2 mm vs.1.2±0.9 mm),proprioceptive evaluations (joint position sense:3.6°± 1.8° vs.3.9°±2.2°) all showed no significant differences between the two groups.Additionally,the synovial coverage of grafted tendon under second-look arthroscopy was categorized as grade A in 11,grade B in 6,grade C in 2,grade D in 2 in remnant-preserved group,whereas grade A in 10,grade B in 5,grade C in 2,and grade D in 2 in conventional group,which still showed no significant difference.Conclusion In terms of the knee functional scales,stability examinations,joint position sense and graft synovial coverage,remnant-preserved ACLR group showed no superiority to the conventional ACLR group.