Alzheimer's disease is a neurodengenerative disorder disease with the progressive cognition malfunction and memory impairmen t. This article analyze the biochemical cause of Alzheimer's disease and eval uate the current status of drug therapy for the disease, and predict the possi bili ty of RNA interference in the therapy of Alzheimer's disease.

Objective To further improve the morphological materials of AGs by micro-dissection, histology and CT, we observed the arachnoid granulations (AGs) in middle cranial fossa. Methods Thirty-three adult cadaveric heads were used for microsurgical dissection;Histological sections of AG specimens from 3 cadaver heads were examined. Forty patients who had both normal conventional brain CT and computed tomographic venography (CTV) were retrospectively reviewed. Results In middle cranial fossa the AGs occur in the following situations in order of frequency: the middle meningeal sinus, sphenoparietal sinus, lateral foramen rotundum and cavernous sinus. AGs usually show round, oval in shape and irregular in shape. AGs can be divided into individual type and leaflet type under light microscope. The numbers of AGs were observed by microanatomy and CTV were 8.72 and 3.52 respectively. The AGs of cavernous sinus was not localized precisely on CTV. Conclusion Study of the AGs in the middle cranial fossa systematically and comprehensively enriches anatomy and image knowledge. It is helpful in neurosurgical planning and choosing operalion procedure to avoid postoperative complications.

Aim This study was designed to investigate the inhibition of matrine on U251 glioma cell line and its mechanism. Methods MTT was used to measure the levels of the proliferation of U251 cultured with matrine in different concentrations.The effects of matrine on cell cycle of U251 were observed by FCM. The expression of proto oncogenes c myc was measured by RT PCR. Results The proliferation of U251 was obviously inhibited by matrine in a dose dependent manner. The inhibitory rate was (53 7?6 0)%,when cultured with matrine at 0 10 g?L -1 . The outcome of FCM showed that the proportion of G 0/G 1 phase cells were decreased. The proportion of S phase cells were reduced obviously,when cultured with matrine at 0 10 g?L -1 in 3 days.The outcome of RT PCR showed that the expression of proto onco gene C myc was notably decreased, when the dose of matrine was increased. Conclusion Matrine can inhibit the proliferation of U251 and inhibit the expression of proto onco gene C myc.

OBJECTIVE:To study the optimum formation technics of Xuesaitong drop pill.METHODS:Parallel tests were conducted on the dosage of different base materials and the main drug with the forming percentage and the rate of qualified weight as the index of evaluation,the orthogonal test was conducted on the4factors,including the temperature of drops and the liquor condensate,the drug height in the drug storage tank and the dropping distance.RESULTS:The ratio of base materials and the main drug was2.5∶1.The optimum forming technics could be seen as follows,the height of the drug storage tank was3cm,the temperature of drops was90℃,the dropping distance was5cm and the temperature of the liquor condensate was12.5℃.CONCLUSION:There was a high rate of end product of dropping pill prepared with this optimum process,which was in conformity with the standard stated in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

AIM: This study was designed to investigate the inhibition of tanshinone ⅡA on C6 glioma cell line and its mechanism. METHODS: MTT was used to measure the levels of the proliferation of C6 cultured with tanshinone ⅡA at different concentrations. The effects of tanshinone ⅡA on cell cycle of C6 were observed by FCM. The change of DNA was observed by Sepharose electrophoresis. The expression of proto-oncogenes c-myc was measured by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The proliferation of C6 was obviously inhibited by tanshinone ⅡA in a dose-dependent manner. The outcome of FCM showed that the apoptotic cell rate was 7.7%, when cultured with tanshinone ⅡA at 1.0 mg/L for 3 days. The apoptotic cell rate was 21.6%, when cultured with tanshinone ⅡA at 2.0 mg/L in 3 days. CONCLUSION: Tanshinone ⅡA inhibits the proliferation of C6 cells, induces apoptosis and inhibits the expression of proto-oncogene c-myc.

Animals ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Male ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Physical Endurance ; physiology ; Quadriceps Muscle ; metabolism ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the genotoxicity of carbon disulfide by detecting DNA damage in mice sperm with single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE).

METHODSSCGE was used to detect sperm DNA damage. The index of DNA damage, tail length and tail moment were used to evaluate the extent of DNA damage.

RESULTSIn three dosage groups, the rate of DNA damage (67.14%, 84.29% and 91.00%, respectively), index of DNA damage intensity (507, 656 and 745, respectively), tail length (5.87, 8.81 and 13.49 microm, respectively) and tail moment (1.30, 1.63, 2.66 microm, respectively) were significantly increased, while the percentage of head of the comet was significantly decreased (84.55%, 73.84% and 55.71%, respectively). A significant changes were clearly observed in all dosage groups compared to those of the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCGE which is a quick and sensitive method to detect DNA damage induced by CS2 may be used to monitor carcinogen and mutagen.

Animals ; Carbon Disulfide ; toxicity ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; Male ; Mice ; Spermatozoa ; chemistry ; drug effects

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinicopathological features,immunohistochemical phenotype of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma.MethodsEight cases of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma admitted to our hospital from January 2001to January 2011were retrospectively analyzed. The clinicopathological characteristics,and immunohistochemical staining for phenotype were analyzed,then the follow-up data were summarized.ResultsAll 8 patients with pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma was male,with a median age of 47 years old.Tumors were located in the pancreatic head in 4 patients,pancreatic body and tail in 4 patients.The average tumor size was 4.5 cm × 4.0 cm × 3.2 cm,the section appeared as gray or gray-red and presented as solid or cystic lesions.Larger tumors were often accompanied by hemorrhage and necrosis.Microscopically,the tumor cells arranged in acinic,cord,trabecular or solid nests.The cytoplasm was abundant and eosinophilic.The nuclear was round,oval,slightly atypia.lmmunohistochemical staining showed diffusely positive for CAM5.2,α-AT,α-ACT and focally positive for CA19-9,CEA,E-cad,β-cat and MUC-1 and only occasionally positive for AFP,NSE,Syn and CgA.Follow-up data showed there was one case of postoperative death due to postoperative pancreatic leakage with abdominal infection.Liver metastasis occurred in 4 cases,among whom,2 cases died.ConclusionsPancreatic acinar cell carcinoma is a rare epithelial malignant tumor of pancreas,with distinct phenotype characteristics.

Objective To identify the changes of body composition with acromegaly before and after pituitary adeno-ma surgery,and to evaluate the relationship between these changes and serum growth hormone(GH),insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1).Methods Serum GH with OGTY,IGF-1 levels,BMI,fat percentage,FFM and total body water(TBW) in patients were measured in active and relieved period of the disease.Results The BMI and FFM with active acromegalic males were significantly higher,but fat percentage was significantly lower than that of healthy males.After the disease was relieved by surgery,serum GH and IGF-1 concentrations of patients were sig-nificantly reduced to normal level,but their BMI was still significantly higher,the fat percentage increased and the FFM decreased was correlated with serum nadin GH and IGF-1 levels.The BMI and FFM with active acromegalic females were significantly higher than healthy females,but the fat percentage had not significant change after sur-gery,and FFM decrease was correlated with reduced serum GH level.The fat percentage did not change signifi-cantly.Conclusion There was significant change of body composition with acromagely before and after treatment,and a relationship between these changes and serum GH and IGF-1 levels was identified.

Objective To study the anti-calcification function properties of bovine jugular conduit with valves stabilized by dye-mediated photooxidation.Methods Sixteen bovine jugular conduit with valves were divided into two groups and treated with dye-mediated photooxidation(groupⅠ) and glutaraldehyde(group Ⅱ).The bovine jugular vein was cut into pieces and implanted subcutaneously in the 16 weanling SD rats.After 90 days,all the rats were sacrificed and the retrieved specimens were undergone histological examination by electron microscope and microscope.The calcium content was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results The walls and valves of bovine jugular vein treated by dye-mediated photooxidation had less calcification than those of the group Ⅱ.Conclusion The dye-mediated photooxidation can effectively preserve the calcification of bovine jugular conduit with valves compared with the way treated by glutaraldehyde.