Spleen kidney Yang deficiency (SKYD) diarrhea is a common syndrome in tranditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Until now, there is not an ideal SKYD diarrhea rat model for the research. In this study, we compared single factor way (method I, injecting hydrocortisone and gavaging Sennae Folium) with compound factors way(method II, gavaging adenine, improper diet, exhaustion, and gavaging Sennae Folium) on establishing SKYD diarrhea rat model. After modelling, diarrhea index, D-xylose excretory rate, NOS/cGMP signal transduction system, organ index and histopathology examination were used to evaluate the two ways. The results showed that, compared with health group, all the assessment criterias of method I and method II had significant differences (P < 0.01, 0.05). In addition, the index such as diarrhea index, NOS/cGMP signal transduction system, organ index (kidney, testis and thymus) and histopathology examination had significant differences (P < 0.01, 0.05) between method I and method II. In conclusion, the compound factors modelling method better conforms to the symptom of diarrhoea model caused by SKYD. This new modelling method provides a basis for studying on TCM astringents warming and tonifying the spleen and kidney, relieving diarrhea.
Animals ; Diarrhea ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spleen ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Xylose ; metabolism ; Yang Deficiency ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology

AIM:To investigate the effect of over-expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator-1α (PGC-1α) on mitochondrial morphology and cell apoptosis in the cortical neurons with oxygen glucose depriva-tion/reoxygenation(OGD/R). METHODS:The whole gene sequence of PGC-1α was obtained from the cerebral cortex of C57BL/6 mice by RT-PCR and cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1. The pEGFP-N1-PGC-1α was iden-tified by PCR,and transfected into cortical neurons. The level of PGC-1α expression was identified by Western blot. The cortical neurons transfected with pEGFP-N1 and pEGFP-N1-PGC-1α vectors were treated with OGD/R. The mitochondrial mass,reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATP production,cell apoptosis and changes of cleaved caspase-3 were detected by MitoTracker Red staining,flow cytometry,ATP metabolic assay kit and TUNEL. RESULTS:Over-expression of PGC-1α inhibited the decrease in mitochondrial biogenesis capacity and the ROS formation of OGD/R neurons(P<0.05),en-hanced the ability of ATP synthesis (P<0.01),inhibited neuronal apoptosis (P<0.01) and decreased the activation of caspase-3 (P<0.01). CONCLUSION:PGC-1α over-expression inhibits neuronal apoptosis with OGD/R treatment by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis,inhibiting the production of ROS and maintaining mitochondrial function. PGC-1α may be used as a target for the development of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury drugs.

OBJECTIVETo stably reverse the multidrug resistance (MDR) of breast carcinoma cells in vitro.

METHODSTwo anti-mdr-1 ribozyme plasmids, RZ196 and RZ179, were constructed with EGFP as reporter gene and transfected into drug-resistant breast carcinoma cells in vitro. The expression of EGFP was observed by laser confocal microscopy. Flow cytometry, RT-PCR and Rhodamine123 efflux assay were used to detect P-glyco protein (p-gp) and mdr-1 mRNA.

RESULTSAfter transfection with RZ196 and RZ179, the mdr-1 indices were reduced from 2.20 to 0.76 and 1.40, the expression rates of p-gp were reduced from 55.0% to 4.6% and 18.2%, the fluorescence intensity increased from 22.0% to 46.2% and 70.1%, TCL reduced from 75% to 28% and 43% respectively. In addition, the expression of ribozyme plasmid in tumor cells was stable under G418 selection. After two months, the mdr-1 indices remained at 0.81 and 1.47 in the cells transfected RZ196 and RZ179 respectively. The expression rates of p-gp were 5.2% and 19.5% and the Rh123 fluorescence intensity was 51.4% and 71.6% respectively.

CONCLUSIONSBoth anti-mdr-1 ribozyme RZ196 and RZ179 can stably reverse MDR phenotype of breast carcinoma cells in vitro. RZ196 construct appears to be more effective.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; genetics ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genes, MDR ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; RNA, Catalytic ; genetics ; Retroviridae ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo identify the localization of hair follicles stem cell (HFSC) in different stages of hair and explore the differentiating capacity of HFSC into epidermis in vitro.

METHODSHFSC were detected by K19 immunostaining in normal human skin. Then, the isolated HFSC through enzyme digestion were seeded on dermal equivalent (DE) and cultured between the air-liquid interfaces for 14 days. Skin-equivalents was harvested and used for evaluation.

RESULTSHFSC mainly located in outer root sheet in hair follicle and human anagen hair follicles containing two distinct reservoirs for K19-positive cells located in the bulge and bulb of the follicle. These two reservoirs fused in line of outer root sheets during the catagen-telogen transition phase and individualized again in the newly forming anagen hair follicle. Based on DE, growing HFSC built a multilayered and confined epidermis.

CONCLUSIONHFSC located in outer root sheets can promote hair cycle and differentiate into epidermis in vitro.

Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Epidermis ; cytology ; Hair Follicle ; cytology ; Humans ; Stem Cells ; cytology

OBJECTIVETo construct a replication-defective adenovirus containing TK gene and investigate the killing effects of TK gene against human liver cancer cells SMMC-7721.

METHODSThe recombinant adenovirus ADV-TK was constructed using homologous recombination in the cells. SMMC-7721 cells transfected with recombined adenovirus were exposed to GCV, and the cell viability was measured by MTT assays.

RESULTSThe recombinant adenovirus containing TK gene was successfully constructed. Transfection by the recombinant adenovirus ADV-TK and GCV exposure significantly suppressed the growth of SMMC-7721 cells.

CONCLUSIONA replication-defective adenovirus containing TK gene has been successfully constructed, and in combination with GCV, the recombinant adenovirus produces significant killing effect against SMMC-7721 cells in vitro.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; therapy ; Thymidine Kinase ; genetics

AIMTo study the effects of ferulic acid (FA) on E-selectin expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) activated by lipopolysaccharide and leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion.

METHODSThe effects of FA on E-selectin and E-selectin mRNA expression were determined by flow cytometry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The effect of FA on HL60-HUVEC adhesion was evaluated with the method of staining the cells by Rose Bengal.

RESULTSThe expression of E-selectin and E-selectin mRNA were down regulated by FA (0.62 and 0.41 mmol x L(-1), respectively). HL60 cells adhered to activated HUVECs were also reduced by FA (0.62 and 0.41 mmol x L(-1), respectively).

CONCLUSIONFA can inhibit the expression of E-selectin and E-selectin mRNA and HL60-HUVEC adhesion. This may contribute to its protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Coumaric Acids ; pharmacology ; E-Selectin ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; HL-60 Cells ; physiology ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology

500 pmol/L were greater than those in any group.Conclusion Serum MMP-2 can be involved in left ventricular remodeling of HF,and measuring its concentration is helpful to judge the severity and prognosis of HF.

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the B-NHL-BFM-90 protocol in the treatment of Chinese childhood and adolescent B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-NHL).

METHODSForty-two untreated childhood and adolescent B-NHL were enrolled in the present study. Of them 18 cases were Burkitt's lymphoma, 16 diffuse large B cell lymphoma and 8 anaplastic lymphoma. There were 10 cases in stage II and 32 in stage III/IV. The patients were grouped by risk factors into low, medium and high risk groups. All patients were treated with the B-NHL-BFM 90 (Berlin-Frankfurt- Münster) protocol. The low risk group received A, B courses for 4 cycles, the medium risk group AA, BB courses for 6 cycles, and the high risk group AA, BB, CC courses for 6 cycles.

RESULTSComplete remission (CR) was obtained in 37 patients (88%), and partial remission (PR) in 5 (12%). Of the 5 PR patients, I received autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, 3 received radiotherapy for residual disease and 1 just under watching. Major toxicity was myelosuppression and mucositis, especially in AA, BB and CC cycles, but was tolerant and manageable. Median follow-up was 20 (4 - 89) months. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyse survival data. Two year event free survival (EFS) for all patients was 86. 24%, being 100% for stage II and 80.95% for stage III/IV.

CONCLUSIONShort term and intensive chemotherapy can improves the efficacy and survival rate of childhood and adolescent B-NHL, especially for advanced stage patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; drug therapy ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo observe the effectiveness and safety of Kangquan Recipe (康泉方, KQR) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients.

METHODSOne hundred and six BPH patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group (53 cases) and the control group (53 cases) according to a random number table. The treatment group was given KQR orally; the control group was given cernilton orally. After 24-week treatment, the clinical effect and safety were evaluated using the International Prostatic Symptom Score (I-PSS), quality of life (QOL), maximum flow rate (Qmax), average flow rate (Qave), residual urine volume (RUV), total prostatic volume (TPV), etc.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the score of I-PSS was decreased from 16.9±5.6 to 12.5±4.6 in the treatment group, significantly lower compared with the control group; the levels of Qmax and Qave were from 10.9±3.5 to 15.6±4.5 and 5.4±2.1 to 7.3±2.5 (mL/s) in the treatment group, significantly higher compared with the control group; the levels of RUV and TPV were from 70.8±28.2 to 35.2±21.8 and 37.2±16.9 to 30.1±10.8 (mL) in the treatment group, significantly lower compared with the control group (all P<0.05). The incidence rate of adverse reaction was similar between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONKQR is effective and safe for the treatment of BPH.

Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organ Size ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; urine ; Treatment Outcome ; Urination

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the outcome of mometasone furoate nasal spray (MFNS) used for 3 months on non-allergic rhinitis (NAR).

METHODSIn this multicenter study, NAR patients were enrolled from eight hospitals and received MFNS 200 microgram once daily for 3 months. The patients were followed-up for three times (at baseline, month 1 and month 3) to record the symptom scores and nasal endoscopic appearances. At the same time, the adverse events frequency was recorded and analyzed.

RESULTSA total of 188 NAR cases were enrolled in the study. The total nasal symptom score assessment descended significantly at month 1 (1.70 ± 0.75) and month 3 (0.95 ± 0.79) visits versus at baseline (2.67 ± 0.68, Z value were from -11.603 to -10.491, all P < 0.01). The individual symptoms, including nasal stuffiness, nasal discharge, nasal stuffiness-related dizziness or headache, hyposmia, sleep quality, daily life activity, work or study efficiency, mental status, and whole body fatigue, also showed less scores at month 1 and month 3 visits versus at baseline (Z value were from -11.313 to -6.802, all P < 0.01). At the same time, nasal mucosal appearances assessed by endoscopy had lower scores at month 1 (1.40 ± 0.62) and month 3 (0.75 ± 0.71) visits versus at baseline (2.27 ± 0.73, Z value were from -11.484 to -10.002, all P < 0.01). Additionally, adverse events were only observed in 5.3% cases with light rhinorrhagia and nasal dryness. No other side effect was found.

CONCLUSIONSA 3-months administration of intranasal mometasone can effectively and safely improve NAR patients' clinical symptom and nasal mucosal appearances.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-Allergic Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mometasone Furoate ; Nasal Sprays ; Pregnadienediols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Rhinitis ; classification ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult