Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg3 on vasculogenic mimicry of human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line. Methods The MCF-7 cells at logarithmic growth phase were obtained, and were cultured with different concentrations (0, 20, 50, 100, 150 and 300 mg/L) of ginsenoside Rg3. Cells cultured without Rg3 were served as controls. The IC50 were determined by CCK8 assay and anti-angiogenic effects were performed for testing the potential of tube-like structure (TLSs) formation. The expression levels of VEGF-A, MMP 9 and HIF-1αwere detected by Western blotting and real-time PCR. The secreted contents of VEGF-A and MMP9 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The ginsenoside Rg3 suppressed the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, in which IC50 was (115.34±8.50) mg/L. The formation numbers of TLSs in MCF-7 cells were significantly inhibited by Rg3 in concentration dependent manner in 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 150 mg/L for (19.0 ± 1.0), (15.0 ± 1.5), and (10.0±1.7) vs. controls (22.0±1.8, F=150.805, P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGF-A, MMP9 and HIF-1αprotein were inhibited by 50 mg/L,100 mg/L and 150 mg/L Rg3 vs. controls (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the contents of VEGF-A in MCF-7 cell supernatant was down-regulated by 50 mg/L,100 mg/L and 150 mg/L Rg3 vs. controls (P<0.05). The contents of MMP-9 in MCF-7 cell supernatant was down-regulated by 100 mg/L and 150 mg/L Rg3 vs. controls (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in MMP-9 expression between 50 mg/L group and control group. Conclusion The ginsenoside Rg3 is able to inhibit the vasculogenic mimicry of MCF-7 cells, which may be related with the down-
regulation of VEGF-A, MMP9 and HIF-1α.

Objective To study the relationship of peripheral vascular disease(PVD) with gender and serum uric acid in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods Lower extremities of 82 male and 70 female patients with type 2 diabetes were screened for PVD by color Doppler uhrasonography,and the levels of serum uric acid,fasting blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin and serum lipid were examined.Results In male,serum uric acid(328.12?107.30) ?mol/L,age(65.00?9.66) yrs,durations of diabetes(7.38?6.17) yrs, HBA_1Cc(7.74?1.83)% were significantly higher in the diabetic patients with PVD than those in patients without PVD.And these changes were not shown in female patients.In male,the detectable rate of PVD(82.14%)in diabetics with high level uric acid was also increased than that in normal uric acid group(53.70%).Conclusion The higher level of serum uric acid in type 2 diabetics was closely related with the occurrence of peripheral vascular disease in male.So we should actively control the level of serum uric acid in male.

The clinical data of one case of laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma in our hospital were respectively analyzed. The patient was a 61-year-old male, and complained of progressive pain of right ear for 7-year, it was misdiagnosed as glossopharyngeal neuralgia and larynx hemangioma. This patient was achieved total laryngectomy and bilateral cervical lymph nodes dissection. As of 12 months after surgery, the patient remains under follow-up observation, and no findings indicating obvious recurrence or metastasis has been observed. This disease is a rare and highly malignant tumor that is lack of specific feature in clinical performances. Recognition at larynx is essential so that proper patient management can be initiated.
Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged

China ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; education ; Mentors ; Urology ; education

Vectors used to carry foreign genes play an important role in gene therapy, among which, the adeno-associated virus (AAV) has many advantages, such as nonpathogenicity, low immunogenicity, stable and long-term expression and multiple-tissue-type infection, etc. These advantages have made AAV one of the most potential vectors in gene therapy, and widely used in many clinical researches, for example, Parkinson's disease. This paper introduces the biological characteristics of AAV and the latest research progress of AAV carrying neurotrophic factor, dopamine synthesis related enzymes and glutamic acid decarboxylase gene in the gene therapy of Parkinson's disease.
Animals ; Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases ; genetics ; Dependovirus ; genetics ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; genetics ; Glutamate Decarboxylase ; genetics ; Humans ; Nerve Growth Factors ; genetics ; Neurturin ; genetics ; Parkinson Disease ; therapy

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in repairing cisplatin-induced acute renal injury.Methods The rats were injected 6 mg/kg of cisplatin intraperitoneally,and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs group) or PBS (PBS group) were injected respectively via tail vein after 24 hours.The rats without injecting cisplatin were selected as a normal control group.The repair effect of BM-MSCs on renal injury was observed by HE staining and immunohistochemistry.In addition,NRK-52E cells were cultured in vitro and treated with cisplatin for 6 hours.Then,NRK-52E cells were continued to culture for 48 hours or co-cultured with BM-MSCs for 48 hours,and NRK-52E cells untreated with cisplatin were used as a control.The expression levels of miR-92b and its target gene PTEN were detected by qRT-PCR,and the expression level of p-Akt by western blot.Results HE staining showed that the tubular protein casts in BM-MSCs group were significantly less than that in PBS group,and that the renal tubular structure was significantly improved in BM-MSCs group.Immunohistochemical staining indicated that the number of cells expressing proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in BM-MSCs group (131.0 ± 14.4) was significantly higher than that in PBS group (42.2 ±6.1,t =11.28,P ＜0.01).qRT-PCR results showed that in the vivo experiment,compared with the expression level of miR-92b and PTEN in the normal control group (1.11 ± 0.78,1.01 ± 0.21),PBS group were (4.64 ± 1.06) and (0.61 ± 0.2),respectively (all P ＜ 0.05);BM-MSCs group were (2.27 ± 0.81) and (1.1 ± 0.1),respectively (all P ＜ 0.05).In vitro experiment,compared with the expression level of miR-92b and PTEN in the negative control group (1.12 ± 0.77,1.02 ± 0.13),cisplatin group were (7.64 ± 0.72) and (0.58 ± 0.2),respectively (all P ＜ 0.05),cell group were (4.38 ± 0.50) and (1.15 ± 0.23),respectively (all P ＜ 0.05).Western blot results showed that compared with the expression level of p-Akt in cisplatin group (0.96 ± 0.18),p-Akt expression in cell group was (2.11 ± 0.11,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion BM-MSCs may repair the cisplatin-induced acute renal injury via down-regulating the expression level of miR-92b.

Objective:To compare the adverse reactions of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with docetaxel versus those of sequential and scheduled adjuvant therapy after a modified radical mastectomy in locally advanced breast cancer. Additionally, this work aims to evaluate the safety and feasibility of a synchronous therapy schedule. Methods:A total of 155 female breast cancer patients in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were enrol ed from January 2009 to December 2014. Al the patients were diagnosed with infiltrating ductal carcinoma and stage pT3-4, pN1-3c M0, or pAnyTpN2-3cM0 after modified radical mastectomy. After completing the fluorouracil+epirubicin+cyclophosphamide adjuvant chemotherapy, all the patients were randomly divided into two groups by using the method of sealed envelopes. The synchronous group, which received synchronous chemoradiotherapy with docetaxel, comprised 78 cases. The sequential group, which received radiotherapy fol owing docetaxel chemotherapy, comprised 77 cases. The clinical toxic reactions and effects in both groups were assessed after all schedules. Results:A median follow-up period of 39 (16-62) months showed that the radiation side effects of the synchronous and sequential groups were mild. No patients with 3-4 grade radiation-induced skin reactions or symptoms of heart and lung radiation side effects were reported. The rate of 1-2 grade radiation-induced skin reactions was 89.7%(70/78) in the synchronous group and 88.3%(68/77) in the sequential group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The three-year recurrence-free survival rate was 92.3%(72/78) in the synchronous group and 81.8%(63/77) in the sequential group, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.046). Conclusion:Synchronous chemoradiotherapy with docetaxel as adjuvant therapy exhibited mild and tolerable adverse reactions fol owing modified radical mastectomy in local y advanced breast cancer. Compared with the sequential schedule, the synchronous schedule showed a significantly increased three-year recurrence-free survival rate. Therefore, a synchronous chemo-radiotherapy schedule is safe and feasible and can be used as a treatment option for locally advanced breast cancer.

Objective To analyze the factors associated with the outcome of pyeloplasty in term of renal function and morphology improvement in children with unilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction,in order to provide clinical evidence for the treatment of hydronephrosis in children.Methods Clinical data of 174 children who underwent unilateral dismembered pyeloplasty from January 2009 to June 2014 were retrospectively studied.Differential changes in renal function and renal morphology after pyeloplasty were assessed by serial renal scan and ultrasound.On the basis of preoperative split DRF,these patients were divided into three groups:group Ⅰ with DRF ≥40％ (n =99),group Ⅱ with DRF 30％-40％ (n =29) and group Ⅲwith DRF ＜ 30％ (n =46).According to their age at surgery,the children were divided into four groups,including group A aged 1-3 months (n =52),group B aged 3 months-3 years (n =44),groupCaged3-6years (n =37),and group D aged more than 6 years (n =41).Results Inall 174 children,postoperative complication occurred in 7 cases,including urinary tract infection in 6 cases and renal atrophy in 1 case.A significant improvement of both function and morphology was confirmed in most patients (P ＜ 0.01).Patients in group Ⅰ showed stable renal function after operation(DRF 48.46％ ±4.80％ vs.50.78％ ± 5.45％,P ＜ 0.01),of them who underwent pyeloplasty at 1-3 months of age showed the best obvious recovery of renal morphology.Renal function of patients in group Ⅱ recovered obviously and most of them reached to the initial values (DRF 35.18％ ± 2.95％ vs.43.91％ ± 6.89％,P ＜ 0.01).While renal function of patients in group Ⅲ recovered significantly after surgery,most of them failed to restore the initial values(DRF 20.70％ ± 6.90％ vs.33.78％ ± 12.49％,P ＜ 0.01),and among them,the aged 1-3 months group possessed the best recovery.Moreover,the morphological improvement was similar to the functional improvement.The time for hydronephrosis recovered to less than Grade 2 of Society for Fetal Urology(SFU)was 6,24 and over 24 months respectively in group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲll,and the renal morphology gradually improved with the increasing duration of follow-up.Conclusions The renal function and morphology of most patients improved significantly after pyeloplasty.Recovery of renal function and morphology after surgery was significantly correlated with the preoperative DRF.Early surgical intervention may improve the function and morphology recovery of the involved renal unit.

Objective To explore the effect of lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)on blood-brain barrier(BBB) permeability and its possible mechanism.Methods LPA or LPA+suramin(L+S)were stereotaxically injected into the right eaudate nucleus in SD rats in vivo.Evans blue(EB)was used to quantitatively measure the permeability of BBB at different time points.The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 was detected by immunohistochemistry technique.The pathological ultrastruetural changes of BBB were assessed by transmission electron microscopy.Results The BBB permeability began to increase after LPA administered into ipsilateral eaudate nucleus,and reached the peak at 24h.Then the permeability of BBB gradually lowered after 48h.In comparison with the same time points of control group,there were quite significant differences(P＜0.01).After L+S was injected,the change of BBB permeability had differences in comparison with those of LPA group in the same time points,(P＜0.05).MMP-9 positive cells were mainly vascular endothelial cells.The numbers of MMP-9 positive blood vessels grew at 6h in LPA group,and the expression of it reached maximum at 24h,then the number of it decreased at 48h,showing significant statistical differences in comparison with the L+S group(P＜0.01),It was observed microscopically that ultrastrueture of BBB of the LPA group was changed sharply,such as basement membrane roughed and fragmented,astroeyte end-feet swolled markedly and perivaseular space enlarged obviously.But there were no remarkable changes in BBB in L+S group.Conclusion LPA can induce increase of BBB permeability and its possible mechanism is the strong expression of MMP-9 protein produeted by endothelial cells through the mediation of LPA receptor,leading to degradation of basement membrane.

Parkinson's disease(PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with no effective protective treatment,characterized by a massive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra(SNpc) and the subsequent loss of their projecting nerve fibers in the striatum.The major neurochemical manifestation of this disorder is the loss of the neurotransmitter dopamine(DA) in the striatum as a result of the progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.There have been significant progresses in recent years reporting on the use of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)in gene therapy,with specific application towards PD.MSCs,a kind of multipotent adult progenitor cells,are considered as a useful vehicle for cell and gene therapy because of their multiple differentiation potentiality and self-transplantation.The present study was focused on treating rat model of PD using human tyrosine hydroxylase gene(hTH),human aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase gene(hAADC) and human GT Pcyclohydrolase I gene(hGCH-I) engineered MSCs,in order to provide a better understanding about the application of these cells in the therapeutic benifit of PD.The gene of hTH,hAADC and hGCH-I were introduced via recombinant adeno-associated virus(rAAV) infection into the MSCs in vitro.The genetically modified MSCs expressing hTH,hAADC and hGCH-I were transplanted into the striatum of PD rat models.The behavior,the nigra-striatal level of DA and its metabolite were detected.The results of present study were shown as follows:hTH,hAADC,hGCH-I and LacZ gene were transfected into MSCs with adeno-associated virus vectors.The HEK293 packaging cells(ATCC) were transfected with the plasmids of pAAV-hTH,pAAV-hAADC,pAAV-hGCH-I,pAAV-LacZ,pAAV-RC,pHelper by using calcium phosphate precipitation.Titer was detected using HT1080 cells.Viral particles were collected and used to infect MSCs.The purified modified MSCs expressing the three kinds of genes were selected separately and were grafted in the striatum of the PD model rats in the lesion side.The MSCs genetically modified suvived well 12 weeks after transplantation.The improvements of the behavior were observed every week after transplantation.Compared with the control group,the rounds of asymmetric rotation after apomorphine administration decreased in the groups double or triple genes engineered MSCs grafted(p