OBJECTIVEThe study the patterns of rDNA ITS sequence variation of 9 medicinal species of genus Bupleurum in China to find the DNA molecular markers for identification of these crude drugs.

METHODThe ITS regions of these species were amplified by PCR and sequenced, and their sequences were analyzed by DNAssist Version 2.2.

RESULTSHomologous alignment indicated that the consanguinity of the ITS sequences between genus Bupleurum and outgroups was lower than 75%, and that within genus Bupleurum was higher than 88%. For the same species, the consanguinity was higher than 99%.

CONCLUSIONThe ITS sequences may serve as reliable molecular markers for identification of Radix Bupleuri.

Bupleurum ; classification ; genetics ; DNA, Plant ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; chemistry ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Roots ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Species Specificity

BACKGROUNDTo investigate epidemiology and HLA typing of highly exposed to HIV but persistently seronegative subjects (HEPS) in commercial blood donors in China.

METHODSThis was a cohort study for epidemiologic characteristics of highly exposed but persistently seronegative subjects. PCR with sequence-specific primer and PCR-SSP for HLA typing were applied.

RESULTSEight HEPS were identified. Compared HLA typing with seropositive couple, high frequency of HLA-a24, HLA-B40 genotyping was observed.

CONCLUSIONHighly exposed to HIV but persistently seronegative subjects in commercial blood donors in China had high frequency of HLA-A24 and HLA-B40 genotype.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Donors ; China ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; HIV ; immunology ; HIV Antibodies ; blood ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; HIV Seronegativity ; HLA Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-A Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-A24 Antigen ; Histocompatibility Testing ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Young Adult

Objective To study effects of early non-invasive ventilation (NIV) application in treating elderly patients with acute left ventricular failure induced respiratory failure. Method Totally 32 elderly patients with acute left ventrieular failure induced respiratory failure, admitted from August 1997 to February 2007, received NIV treatment, and were retrospectively studied. There were 22 male and 10 female, aged (81.5?8.6) yearsdd. The changes of rahs, respiration rate, heart rate, arterial blood gas, cardiac function before and after NIV application were compared. According to the application time of NIV, 32 patients were divided into two groups: group A (early NIV application group, n=17) and group B (non-early NIV application group, n= 15). The time to improve the symptoms, the application time of NIV, cure rates, tracheal intubation rates and mortality were compared between the two groups. Results Thirty of the 32 patients survived, cardiac function was improved from New York classⅣtoⅠ～Ⅱ, respiratory rate, heart rate and blood pressure significantly decreased, PaO_2 and SaO_2 significantly increased and PaCO_2 significantly decreased. The tracheal intubation was performed in 4 patients. The time needed to improve the symptoms and the application time of NIV were significantly different between group A and group B (P

OBJECTIVETo introduce practical diagnostic criterion of blood stasis syndrome (BSS), and to evaluate its reliability and validity.

METHODSBy referring to three diagnostic criteria of BSS [practical diagnostic criterion of BSS (criterion A), diagnostic criterion of BSS in 1986 (criterion B), Consensus of Integrative Medicine on BSS Diagnosis in 2011 (criterion C)], 712 patients from different departments of Xiyuan Hospital were recruited. The reliability of criterion A and its consistency with the other two criteria were assessed using Kappa coefficient. A Bayesian approach was also employed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of criterion A.

RESULTSAccording to the consistency check, criterion A presented good consistency when used by different researchers (the diagnostic accordance rate was 91. 96%, Kappa =0. 82, P <0.001). Meanwhile, there was an acceptable diagnostic consistency among the three diagnostic criteria. Bayesian estimation suggested that criterion A had higher sensitivity but similar specificity, as compared with criterion B or criterion C. Compared with criterion B [the median of sensitivity and specificity were 0. 762 (95% Cl: 0. 731 -0. 790) and 0. 902 (95% Cl: 0. 858 -0. 936) respectively, the median of sensitivity and specificity of criterion A were 0. 911 (95% CI: 0. 888 - 0. 930) and 0. 875 (95% CI: 0. 826 - 0. 915) respectively. Estimating the difference between criterion A and B, the median of sensitivity and specificity were 0. 149 (95% CI: 0. 112 -0.184) and -0. 026 (95% CI:-0. 085 -0. 033) respectively. Compared with criterion C [the median of sensitivity and specificity were 0. 831 (95% Cl: 0. 804 -0. 857) and 0. 892 (95% CI: 0. 848 - 0. 926) respectively], the median of sensitivity and specificity of criterion A were 0. 912 (95% CI: 0. 889 -0. 932) and 0. 880 (95%CI: 0. 833 - 0.919) respectively. Estimating the difference between criterion A and C, the median of sensitivity and specificity were 0. 081 (95% CI: 0.047 - 0.114) and -0.011 (95%CI: -0.070 -0.046) respectively.

CONCLUSIONCompared with criterion B and C, criterion A not only had better reliability, but also could significantly improve the sensitivity without obviously lowering the specificity.

Bayes Theorem ; Consensus ; Hematologic Diseases ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVE: To explore the applicability of integration between three-dimensional (3D) facial and dental data to evaluate the nasolabial morphology variation before and after the cross-arch fixed restoration of the maxillary implant-supported prostheses. METHODS: Twelve patients (4 women and 8 men), mean age (54.82±5.50) years (from 45 to 62 years) referred to the Department of Oral Implan-tology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, were selected and diagnosed with edentulous maxilla. For all the patients, 4 to 6 implants were inserted into the maxilla. Six months later, the final cross-arch fixed prostheses were delivered. The 3D facial images were collected before and after the final restoration. The 3D data of prostheses were also captured. All the 3D data were registered and measured in the same coordinate system. Then the displacement of all the landmarks [cheilion left (CHL), cheilion right (CHR), crista philtri left (CPHL), crista philtri right (CPHR), labrale supe-rius (LS), subnasale (SN), stomion (STO), upper incisor (UI), upper flange border of the prostheses (F-point, F)], and the variation of the distances between these landmarks (SN-LS, CPHR-CPHL, CHR-CHL, LS-STO) were analyzed and compared. RESULTS: The consistency test among three measurements of the length of F-SN indicated that the integration method of the dental prostheses and soft tissue had the good repetitiveness, ICC=0.983 (95%CI: 0.957-0.995). After wearing the final cross-arch maxillary implant-supported prostheses, all the landmarks on the soft tissue moved forward. The nasal base area changed minimally, and the shift of SN in the sagittal direction was only (0.61±0.44) mm. But the sagittal shift of LS was (3.12±1.38) mm. In the vertical direction, SN, LS, CPHL, and CPHR moved upward. But STO, CHL, and CHR moved downward a little. Except for the slight decrease of the length of philtrum (SN-LS), the length of CHL-CHR, CPHL-CPHR, and the height of upper lip were increased together (P < 0.01). In the direction of Z axis, the strong correlations were found not only between the movements of SN and F (r=0.904 3) but also between the movements of LS and UI (r=0.958 4). CONCLUSION The integration method of 3D facial and dental data showed good repetitiveness. And the strong correlations between the landmarks of prostheses and nasolabial soft tissue in the sagittal direction were found by this new method.
Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; Lip ; Male ; Maxilla/surgery* ; Middle Aged ; Mouth, Edentulous ; Prostheses and Implants

OBJECTIVEThrough the observation, analysis, and treatment to lots of clinical patients with unusual feeling symptom of pharynx (UFSP), followed by the functional examination of autonomic nerve, putting forward the clinical classify and therapy of UFSP.

METHODSThrough the clinical history inquired, routine examination, 24 hours pH value determined of esophagus, erect experiment, and coefficient of variation of the R-R(CVR-R) examination of electrocardiogram etc, divided the UFSP into two types: the type of pathogeny clear and the type of pathogeny unclear. The clear-type was further classified into five subtypes: the type of a mental scar, the type of morbid state of mind, the type of reflux esophagitis, the type of climacteric syndrome and menstrual disorder, and the type of functional disturbance of independence nerve.

RESULTSIn the cases of 256, 106 were cured,76 were positive effective, 41 were effective, with total effective rate of 87.1%. Thirty three (12.9%) cases were not cured. Forty six (18.0%) of them with the type of a mental scar were whole cured. One hundred and thirty six (53.1%) of them with the type of morbid state of mind had a 93.4% (127) effective rate. Twenty one (8.2%) of them with the type of reflux esophagitis had 71.4% (15) effective rate. Among 35 (13.7%) cases of climacteric syndrome and menstrual disorder type, 29 cases were cured with a 82.9% effective rate. Twelve (4.7%) cases of the type of functional disturbance of independence nerve had 50% effective rate. Six (2.3%) cases of the pathogeny unclear type'were not cured.

CONCLUSIONSUFSP could be clinical classified and treated followed the detail inquiry of medical history and relative examination.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Esophagitis, Peptic ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; classification ; psychology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharyngeal Diseases ; classification ; psychology ; Pharynx ; Sensation Disorders ; classification ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate interventional therapy for biliary stricture (BS) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Methods The efficacy of interventional therapy for BS after OLT from Oct 2003 to Jan 2006 was analyzed retrospectively. Fifty-three patients received 107 times of interventional therapy through endoscopic retrograde cholangiography ( ERC) which included 68 nasobiliary catheter placements,26 biliary balloon dilatations and stent placements and 13 ERC. Nine patients received 11 times of interventional therapy through percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography ( PTC) including 2 PTC, 7 percutaneous drainages,3 biliary balloon dilatations and 1 biliary stent replacement. One patient received bile drainage through T tube. Results The success rate of ERC was 88. 8% (95/107) , that of nasobiliary catheter placement 94% (64/68) , biliary stent placement 88. 5% (23/26). The success rate of PTC was 81. 8% (9/11) , that of percutaneous drainage was 100% (7/7) , biliary stent replacement 100% (1/1). The curative rate of interventional therapy for 53 patients with BS was 28. 3% (15/53) ,the improvement rate was 41. 5% (22/53). The curative rate of interventional therapy for anastomotic, extrahepatic, intrahepatic hilar and diffuse BS was respectively 66. 7% (4/6)、66. 7% (10/15)、50% (1/2)、0 (0/7) and 0 (0/22). Conclusions The efficacy of interventional therapy for BS after OLT was not satisfactory. The result relates to the type of BS, for anastomotic, extrahepatic and solitary intrahepatic BS this therapy was effective, while that for hilar and diffuse BS the prognosis was poor.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of orthotopic ileal neobladder versus ortho- topic sigmoid neobladder.Methods The data of 96 patients who had undergone orthotopic ileal neoblad- der and 68 patients who had undergone orthotopic sigmoid neobladder were retrospectively analyzed.The perioperative condition,urinary continence,urodynamics,and pouch-related complications were compared between the 2 groups.Results Of all the 164 patients,12(7.3%)were lost to follow-up.The mean fol- low-up was 46(2-86)months in orthotopic ileal neobladder group,and 42(4-78)months in orthotopic sigmoid neobladder group.There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss and postoperative urinary continence between the 2 approaches(P＞0.05).However,compared with sigmoid neobladder group,ileal neobladder group had longer operative time and postoperative recovery time,and got a bigger pouch(P＜0.05).The early and late pouch-related complication rates of ileal neohladder group were 16. 7% and 29.2%,which were higher than those of sigmoid neobladder group.During the follow-up,tumor recurred in 3 cases of ileal neobladder group,but none in sigmoid neobladder group.Conclusions Ortho- topic ileal neobladder and sigmoid neobladder are similar in operative difficulties,and both can achieve satis- factory clinical results.Compared with ileal neobladder,sigmoid neobladder has shorter operative time, quicker recovery and lower rate of pouch-related complications,thus is a preferred procedure.

PURPOSE: The association of interleukin-10 (IL-10) polymorphisms (-1082G/A, -819C/T, -592A/C) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) poly-morphisms (-174G/C) with tuberculosis (TB) risk has been widely reported. However, the results are controversial. To clarify the role of these polymorphisms in TB, we performed a meta-analysis of all available and relevant published studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on comprehensive searches of the PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Elsevier Science Direct and Cochrane Library database, we identified outcome data from all articles estimating the association between IL-10 and IL-6 polymorphisms and TB risk. RESULTS: The results indicated significant association of the allele model, heterozygous model and dominant model of IL-6 -174G/C polymorphism with decreased risk of TB. In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, significantly increased risk was observed for IL-10 -1082G/A polymorphism in Europeans under recessive model, for IL-10 -819C/T polymorphism in Asians under heterozygous model and dominant model and IL-10 -592A/C polymorphism in Asians under Allele model, homozygous model and recessive model. Moreover, significantly decreased risk of TB was associated with Asians for IL-6 -174C/G polymorphism in allele model, heterozygous model and dominant model. We also performed the analyses by sample types in IL-10 -1082G/A polymorphism, and observed significantly increased TB risk in mixed group under homozygous model. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that the IL-10 -1082G/A polymorphism is associated with increased TB risk in Europeans, while IL-10 -819C/T and IL-10 -592A/C polymorphisms in Asians. However, IL-6 -174G/C polymorphism might be a genetic risk factor that decreases TB susceptibility in Asians.
Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics/statistics & numerical data ; Case-Control Studies ; European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics/statistics & numerical data ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Interleukin-10/*genetics ; Interleukin-6/*genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors ; Tuberculosis/*ethnology/*genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the surgical treatment effect of primary malignant pelvic bone tumors.

METHODSRetrospective study was carried out in 79 patients with primary malignant pelvic bone tumors treated surgically and followed up regularly between October 1992 and July 2007. In this cohort, 23 tumors were low-grade malignant of I B, and 56 tumors were high-grade malignant of II B. According to the preoperative diagnosis and the effect of chemotherapy, different methods of tumor resection and reconstruction were applied respectively. Surgical specimens were evaluated postoperatively for the surgical margins in accordance with Enneking's criteria. Functional results were assessed by MSTS system during follow-up. The mean time of follow-up was 28.6 months (range, 0-183 months). The minimum follow-up time in survival patients was 4 months.

RESULTSSeventy limb-salvage surgeries including 28 reconstructions, and 9 hemipelvectomy were carried out. In limb-salvage group, the mean MSTS functional scores both were 15 points for patients with (range, 5-29 points) or without (range, 2-30 points) reconstructions. The overall local recurrence rate was 31.6% (25/79). Statistical difference (P = 0.023) of local recurrence rate was seen between low-grade (13.0%) and high-grade (39.3%) groups. While, there was no difference (P = 0.620) between limb-salvage group (30.0%) and hemipelvectomy group (44.4%). Significant difference (P = 0.014) in local recurrence rate was found between inadequate surgical margin (intralesional and marginal margin) group (38.1%) and adequate surgical margin (wide margin) group (6.3%). In 14 patients developed postoperative distant metastasis, 12 in local recurrence group which incidence was 48.0%, compared to 2 in no-recurrence group which incidence was 3.7%, and the difference was significant (P = 0.000). The overall survival rate was 70.9%.

CONCLUSIONSWide surgical margin is essential for successful resection of primary malignant pelvic bone tumors. How to choose and improve functional reconstruction is the focus of work in the future.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Pelvic Bones ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome