Objective To investigate the clinical features and treatment programs in children with Takayasu arteritis (TA) in order to improve awareness of the disease. Methods A retrospective study of hospi-talized children with TA in our hospital from Jan. 1999 to Dec. 2012 was performed. Results Between the 15 patients with TA, the ratio of male to female was 1∶2. The onset was from 14 months to 15 years old, with average age at (10 ±4) years old. It is according to (the European League against Rheumatism/the Pediatric Rheumatology European Society (EULAR/PRES) criteria for the diagnosis of TA. The most common clinical manifestations are hypertension, which occurred in 13 cases(87%), weak pulse or pulseless in 11 cases (73%), and heart failure in 10 cases (67%). About two-thirds of patients were diagnosed when the onset of heart failure occurred. The most common clinical type was type Ⅱ, which occrred in 9 cases (60%). Antihypertensive drugs, oral steroid and congestive heart failure controlling were the main treatment. Three patients with positive purifiedproteinderivative (PPD) test received anti-TB treatment. Three patients had vascular bypass surgery, one patient had percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. Conclusion TA may be life-threatening and progressive. Many patients are with advanced disease at the time of treatment, so the prognosis is generally poor. Early recognition is necessary to initiate appropriate therapy. The disease should be considered in patients with unexplained arterial hypertension or unexplained inflammatory syndromes without local signs.

China ; Diabetes, Gestational ; diagnosis ; diet therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy

Objective To understand the incidence of abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy and the maternal and neonatal outcomes after standard management.Methods A retrospective study of maternal and neonatal outcomes was conducted in 1490 pregnant women who were diagnosed and treated for abnormal glucose metabolism and delivered in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of First Hospital of Peking University from Jan 1995 to Dec 2004 by reviewing the medical records.The selected cases consisted of 79 women with diabetes mellitus(DM group),777 with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM group),including 355 cases of A1,316 with A2 and 106 cases unclassified,and 634 with gestational impaired glucose test(GIGT group).Maternal and fetal outcomes were analysed in comparison with the controls of 19 013 pregnant women with normal glucose metabolism who delivered during the same period.Results(1)The total incidence of gestational abnormal glucose metabolism was 7.3% and increased gradually from 1995 to 2004.The first stage,from Jan 1995 to Dec 1999,saw a slow increase in the incidence [4.3%(376/8739)];the second stage,from Jan 2000 to Dec 2001,showed a fast increasing trend.The average incidence was 10.8%(445/4133).The incidence in the third stage kept stable at 8.9% (678/7640)from Jan 2002 to Dec 2004.(2)The incidence of macrosomia,preeclampsia and preterm birth were 12.1%(180/1490),9.5%(141/1490)and 9.4%(140/1490),which were significantly higher than those women with normal glucose metabolism(P0.05).(3)The perinatal mortality rate(PMR)of abnormal glucose metabolism group was 1.19%(18/1513)which was significantly higher in the DM group (4.93%)than GDM(1.14%)and GIGT groups(0.78%,P

Objective To establish an ELISA method for detection of the concentration of TAP in human urine samples.Methods TAP-BSA was used as coating antigen. The TAP was a competitor to TAP-BSA. They reacted to the limited amount of monoclonal antibody against TAP.Results The optimal concentration of the coating antigen was 250ng/ml.The dilutions of monolclonal antibody against TAP and sheep anti-mouse IgG were 25?g/ml and 1∶4 000 respectively. The optimal range was from 0.69 to 1 000ng/ml.The assay provided a sensitivity of 0.69ng/ml.The coefficients of variation of intra-assay and inter-assay were 9.10% and 10.33% respectively. The average recovery rate of TAP was 97.70%.Conclusion The indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is established.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for poor response to treatment in juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods The clinical manifestations,treatment and follow up data of the initial onset SLE patients in our hospital were collected retrospectively.According to the response to treatment after 6 months,patients were divided in two groups.One was treatment effective group,and the other was poor response group.The data of the two groups were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 Counted data were analyzed by Chi-square test.Measurement data were analyzed by t-test.The areas under ROC curve of the measurement data which had statistical significance were calculated and further Logistic regression analysis were made.Results In all of the 82 patients with first onset SLE,72 patients were in the treatment effective group and 10 were in the poor response group.Boy gender (5/10 & 12/72,x2=5.937,P=0.015),edema (10/10 & 25/72,x2=15.294,P＜0.O1) and serositis (8/10 & 25/72,x2=7.485,P=0.006),higher positive rate of Coombs' test (7/8 & 14/29,x2=3.931,P=0.047) and histological class Ⅳ or Ⅳ+Ⅴ of lupus nephritis (8/9 & 6/30,x2=14.278,P＜0.01) were more common in the poor response group.The level of hemoglobin (P=0.013),serum albumin (P=0.001) and globulin (P=0.004),creatinine clearance (P＜0.01),serum calcium (P=0.040) and immunoglobulin (P=0.006) of the patients in the poor efficacy group were lower than those of patients in the treatment effective group.The level of serum potassium (P=0.011),serum phosphorus (P=0.035),24 hours proteinuria (P=0.001) and SLEDAI (P=0.002) of the patients in the poor response were higher than those patients in the treatment effective group.The creatinine clearance was lower than 75.91 ml·min-1· 1.73 m-2,24 hours proteinuria was higher than 1 771.5 mg and SLEDAI was higher than 11.5 could be the diagnostic cutoff value to predict the poor response to treatment in juvenile-onset SLE patients.The results of Logistic regression analysis showed creatinine clearance lower than 75.91 ml ·min-1· 1.73 m-2 was the risk factor that could influence the outcome of SLE patients (P=0.043).The OR was 23.9 and 95％CI was from 1.10 to 516.8.Conclusion In juvenile-onset SLE patients,boys have poor response to treatment.The creatinine clearance lower than 75.91 ml·min 1· 1.73 m-2,24 hours proteinuria higher than 1 771.5 mg and SLEDAI higher than 11.5 can predict the poor response to treatment in juvenile-onset SLE patients.In addition,the SLE patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia may have poor response to treatment.

Objective To study the relationship between the expression of EBV lytic genes and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods The blood samples from 44 SLE patients and 43 matched normal controls were tested for BamHⅠ-W, the specific DNA fragment of EBV, by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-Southern analysis. RT-PCR and Southern blotting were used to detect the EBV lytic genes (including immediate early genes BZLF1 and BRLF1, early genes BARF1, late genes BcLF1 and BLLF1) in EBV DNA-positive SLE patients. Results The EBV DNA was positive in 32 SLE patients and 3 controls. There was significant difference between the SLE patients and controls in the EBV DNA expression ( ?2 = 39.18, P 0.05). In the EBV DNA-positive SLE patients, 2 (both with active SLE) were positive for BARF1 mRNA; 14 (11 with active SLE and 3 with inactive SLE) were positive for BcLF1 mRNA; none was positive for BZLF1,BRLF1 or BLLF1 mRNA. No lytic genes were expressed in any of the 3 EBV DNA-positive controls. Conclusion EBV infection may be related to the development of SLE. EBV lytic infection exists in some SLE patients. EBV is at a low level of lytic activity in patients with SLE.

Objective To study the role of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in pediatric Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura (HSP). Methods Urinary levels of KIM-1 were examined using ELISA in 48 children with HSP including 23 HSPN children (HSPN group) and 25 non-HSPN children (HSP group), and 20 healthy children. The levels of urinary creatinine and 24-hour urine protein were also detected. The results were analyzed and compared among groups. Results The ratio of urinary KIM-1/creatinine (Cr) in HSPN children was signiifcantly higher than that in the other two groups (P<0.05). There was no signiifcant difference in the ratio of urinary KIM-1/Cr between HSP group and the control group (P>0.05). The ratio of urinary KIM-1/Cr had no correlation with 24-hour urine protein in all HSP children (r=0.239, P=0.590). Conclusions Urinary KIM-1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of pediatric HSPN.

The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has changed the clinical outcome of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with the widespread application of ICIs, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have also appeared. Immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a serious adverse event of ICIs treatment that needs attention. Therefore, early identification of high-risk groups of CIPs and early intervention can reduce the occurrence of permanent drug withdrawal and severe CIPs, thereby improving patients′ prognosis.

Objectives To investigate the clinical features of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in children from Shen-zhen. Methods The clinical manifestations, results of electrophysiological tests and prognosis of 28 GBS patients from July 2002 to July 2012 were retrospectively analysed. Results Of 28 children, 16(57.1%) had preceding acute upper respiratory infection for 3-14 days but no patient had acute gastroenteritis. One had received HBV vaccination in 2 weeks before the onset of GBS. The peak season for GBS is spring. According to the clinical presentations and the neurophysiological results 17 patients had demyelinating neuropathy, 5 acute motor axonal neuropathy, 2 acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy, 3 Miller-fisher syndrome, and 1 polyneuritis cranialis. 14 (50.0%) patients suffered from pain in limbs which is the most nota-ble symptom in the early stage. Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) and steroids were given during the acute phases in the majority of the patients, and assisted ventilation was performed in 2 patients due to respiratory muscle paralysis. No diffe-rence was found in Hughes scores, average hospitalization durations, and the prognosis between patients with GBS variants patients and patients with classic GBS. Conclusions Children with GBS in Shenzhen area have different clinical features.

Because of the changed metabolic behaviors of cancer cells, tumor cells uptake a corresponding larger amount of glucose in physiological condition when compared with normal cells. And they were prone to metabolize glucose for generating energy in anaerobic glycolysis ways in order to grow quickly. Anaerobic glycolysis consumes more glucose than aerobic way when the same amount of energy is obtained, which also results in large demand of glucose in tumor cells. This review briefly describes therapy methods related to characteristic mentioned above, and summarizes the research progress of drugs, diagnostic reagents and carriers conjugated with glucose, glucose derivatives or other kinds of sugars for cancer targeting. Furthermore, typically relative research reports from 2012 till now were listed and analyzed.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Carriers ; Energy Metabolism ; Glucose ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; metabolism ; therapeutic use ; Glycoconjugates ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Glycolysis ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; Humans ; Ifosfamide ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Nitroimidazoles ; chemistry ; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents ; chemistry