Objective Oxidative stress which participates in the development of diabetes and its complications can induce inflammation and increase the damage and apoptosis on cells and tissue by influencing multiple signaling pathways?Blood glucose fluctuation increased oxidative stress and aggravated damage and apoptosis on cells?The roles of glucagon?like peptide?1 ( GLP?1) receptor agonist can improve blood glucose fluctuation by playing multiple system physiological effects,such as,delaying gastric emptying,reducing appetite, food intake and body weight, enhancing glucose dependent insulin secretion, inhibiting glucose dependent glucagon secretion?In addition,GLP?1 can reduce oxidative stress state by reducing the reactive oxygen species, inhibiting oxidase activity,up?regulating anti?oxidative stress genes,increasing the level of antioxidant enzymes.

The expression of transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) is predominantly restricted to the CD25+CD4+population in both the thymus and periphery. Limited evidence indicated that Foxp3 is also expressed, albeit to a lesser extent, in the tis-sues outside of the thymus and spleen. However, recent studies showed that Foxp3 is expressed in many tumor cells, and has a definite relation with the occurrence, progress, and prognosis of malignant tumors. Foxp3 has become a popular topic in research on malignant tumor treatment, thereby bringing a new turning point for malignant tumor therapy.

Objective To determine the dynamic changes of ileum epidermal growth factor(EGF),transforming growth factor-α(TGF-α)and epithelial growth factor receptor(EGFR)in neonatal rats with intestinal injury and to investigate their role in the neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC). Methods One-day-old Wistar rat pups were divided into two groups.The rats in the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-injected group(n=40)received an intraperitoneal injection with 5 mg/kg LPS and those in the control group(n=8)did not.Control group and LPS-injected group at 1,3,6,12 and 24 h following LPS challenge were sacrificed for histological evaluation of NEC and for measurernents of EGF,EGFR,EGFR mRNA and TGF-α mRNA. Results Compared with the control group(0.12 0.17).the LPS-iniected pups showed a significant increase in injury scores at 1,3,6,12 and 24 h(1.28±0.62,1.75±0.74,1.98±0.75,2.85±0.41 and 2.35士0.63,respectively)(P<0.01).EGF protein levels at 1,3,6,12,24 h[(235.9±44.3)pg/mg prot,(231.8±30.0)pg/mg prot,(223.3±48.1)pg/mg prot,(211.7±47.0)pg/mg prot and(221.4±39.0)pg/mgprot,respectively]were significantly lower than that of the control group[(287.7±42.6)pg/mg prot](P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between the EGF levels and the grade of intestinal injury within 24 h(r=1.000,P<0.01).The expression of EGFR protein and mRNA was increased after LPS administration.There was no correlation between the EGFR protein and the grade of intestinal injury(r=0.800,P>0.05).The expression of TGF-α mRNA was significantly up-regulated at 1 and 3 h following LPS injection. Conclusions Reduced levels of EGF may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of NEC.

Cyclooxygenase (COX) is a crucial enzyme in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins.There are two COX isoforrns:COX-1 and COX-2.Recently it is demonstrated that there is a close relationship of COX-2 with the occurrence,development and metabasis of tumor; COX-2 inhibitor is hoping to be a new target in tumor therapy.The article overviews many progresses of COX-2 about its expression,modulation and mecha-nism of carcinogenesis in cholangiocarcinoma in order to explore the prospect of the COX-2 inhibitors in cholangioearcinoma treatment.

Aim The nasal absorption of furosemide and promotion action of l_menthol was examined. Methods In situ nasal recirculation methods was used to study the does_effect relationship of nasal absorption of furosemide and the effect of l_menthol on nasal absorption of furosemide in rats. Results When the concentration of furosemide in circulation liquid was respectively(4.66?0.33) ?(9.76?0.45) and (18.83?1.89) ?g?ml-1,the absorption rate constant k(min-1) of nasal in situ was correspondingly 0.0067?0.0011,0.0134?0.0024 and 0.0163?0.0037;and urine liquid appearing time was (73.33?1.53)?(52.67?7.02) and (47.00?4.58) min.But the larger the concentration of l_menthol, the little the absorption rate constant k. Conclusion Furosemide can be absorbed through the nasal mucous, and l_menthol can promote its absorption.

Headache is a common disease in clinical,abnormity of climate doubles risk of headache.We systematize the yun-qi theory about the disease in Suwen,at the same time,give some medical record,analyze the role of outside factors in the cause of headache.

Animals ; Diet ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; etiology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; NF-kappa B ; physiology ; Platelet Activating Factor ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Risk Factors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; physiology

bjective: To investigate the efficacy of pemetrexed as a second-line treatment for patients with NSCLC (advanced non-small cell lung cancer). Methods: Fifty-six patients with stages III B-IV NSCLC, who failed in the first-line cisplatin-based chemotherapy, were enrolled in this study between January 2008 and January 2012. All the patiients received pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 on day 1 and repeated every 21 days as a second-line chemotherapy. After two cycles of chemotherapy, the clinical efficacy and the adverse effects were evaluated. The median survival time and the one-year survival rate were calculated. Results: All the patients received 2-6 cycles of the chemotherapy with a total of 178 cycles. All patients were evaluable. Of the 56 patients, no one achieved complete response, 9 (16.1%) achieved partial response, 10 (33.9%) achieved stable disease, 28 (50.0%) achieved progressive disease. The objective response rate was 16.1% (9/56). The median survival time was 8.9 months, and the one-year survival rate was 30.35%. The common adverse effects were bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal toxicities with a light severity and could be tolerable. No treatment-related deaths occurred. Conclusion: Chemotherapy with pemetrexed as a second-line treatment for advanced NSCLC has a definite efficacy, and the adverse effects can be tolerable. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

Objective]To explore the clinical value of the theories in the seven papers of Yunqi.[Method] Analysing the usage of the correlation theories of Yunqi in Cases of Well-known Physicians and its sequel, consulting the commentaries and application of many well-known physicians, this paper summarizes some theories which are applicable to clinic.[Result]In the seven papers of Yunqi, the theory of avoidance of harm by restraining excess and the theory about the inconformity of pulse and disease can exclude false symptoms and infer real pathogenesis.19 questions about pathogenesis can be a reference of clinical diagnosis.The theory of South-North can be used to exclude the impact of climate on the pulse and assist diagnosis. Rationally using the theory of Suiyun contributes to infer etiology and establish therapy.[Conclusion]Cases of Well-known Physicians and its sequel reflect the application and exertion of the theories of Yunqi by ancient physicians. They help to understand the theoretical system and instruct clinical application. In addition to the theory of Suiyun, the seven papers of Yunqi also include a lot of theories which are applicable to clinic.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of skin scraping in reducing nursing staff’s fatigue.Methods Seventy-one clinical nursing staff were randomly allocated to a treatment group of 36 cases and a control group of 35 cases. Both groups were given the same health education and psychological counseling. The treatment group received skin scraping along the Du Meridian and the Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang in addition and the control group, no intervention. An evaluation was made using the Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14) and the PSQI in the two groups before and after treatment.Results There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the FS-14 item scores (physical fatigue score, mental fatigue score and total fatigue score) in the two groups (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant pre-/post-treatment difference in the PSQI score in the treatment group (P<0.05). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the physical fatigue score, the total fatigue score and the PSQI score between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05).Conclusions Skin scraping can effectively reduce nursing staff’s fatigue, and improve sleep quality.