PURPOSE: Incomplete syndactyly, due to either congenital or acquired, is uncommon. Many different surgical methods have been descirbed. We introduce the modification of seven flap-plasty for incomplete syndactyly and report functional improvement after correction by modified seven flap-plasty without skin graft. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with an incomplete syndactyly who underwent modified seven flap-plasty were analyzed. Age ranged from one to 40-year-old (average age 21). There were 8 males and 4 females, and the degree of syndactyly was near proximal interphalangeal joint. Two different operative methods were performed. Modification I modified two half-Z flaps in parallelogram shape, and modification II modified V flap of V-M flap in Y-V flap. Functional improvements was measured by maximal abduction distance and maximal abduction angle change. RESULTS: All cases were corrected by using the modified seven flap plasty. Flap tip necrosis was found in two cases of severe burn scar patients, but did not require additional surgery. There was no specific complications. Maximal abduction distance was increased in 6 mm, and maximal abduction angle was increased in 5.8degrees. CONCLUSION: Incomplete syndactyly near proximal interphalangeal joint was corrected by modified seven flap plasty and was able to get a satisfactory result.
Adult ; Burns ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Necrosis ; Skin ; Syndactyly

We report a 71-year-old male presenting with painful growing mass on his left thumb. The patient had received iliac bone graft on his left thumb 20 years ago, and removed all the grafted bone 8 years ago due to recurrent ulcer. Biopsy revealed multiple eidermal inclusion cysts on the dorsal surface of the bone graft site. Surgeon should be aware of epidermal inclusion cyst occurred at the previous bone graft site of the finger.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Fingers ; Humans ; Male ; Thumb ; Transplants ; Ulcer

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system methylphenidate on changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). METHODS: A total of 26 children with ADHD (21 boys, mean age: 9.2±2.05 years old) were recruited. Each ADHD participant was examined for changes in rCBF using technetium-99m-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime brain SPECT before and after 8 weeks methylphenidate medication. Brain SPECT images of pediatric normal controls were selected retrospectively. SPECT images of ADHD children taken before medication were compared with those of pediatric normal controls and those taken after medication using statistical parametric mapping analysis on a voxel-wise basis. RESULTS: Before methylphenidate medication, significantly decreased rCBF in the cerebellum and increased rCBF in the right precuneus, left anterior cingulate, right postcentral gyrus, right inferior parietal lobule and right precentral gyrus were observed in ADHD children compared to pediatric normal controls (p-value<.0005, uncorrected). After medication, we observed significant hypoperfusion in the left thalamus and left cerebellum compared to pediatric normal controls (p-value<.0005, uncorrected). In the comparison between before medication and after medication, there was significant hyperperfusion in the superior frontal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus and significant hypoperfusion in the right insula, right caudate, right middle frontal gyrus, left subcallosal gyrus, left claustrum, and left superior temporal gyrus after methylphenidate medication (p-value<.0005, uncorrected). CONCLUSION: This study supports dysfunctions of fronto-striatal structures and cerebellum in ADHD. We suggest that methylphenidate may have some effects on the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, and cerebellum in children with ADHD.
Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Cerebellum ; Child* ; Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Methylphenidate* ; Parietal Lobe ; Rabeprazole ; Retrospective Studies ; Thalamus ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

PURPOSE: Myositis ossificans is a benign condition of heterotopic bone formation that still requires more of its pathologic explanation. The lesions are localized predominantly to the high-risk sites of injury, involving flexor muscles of the upper limbs and thigh, but rarely in the head and neck area. METHODS: A case of a 44-year-old male patient presented with a palpable hard mass on nasal dorsum. The patient experienced a similar lesion on upper limb few years ago. On computed tomographic image, the lesion presented focal definite increase in opacity compatible to adjacent bone densitiy on nasal dorsum. RESULTS: The lesion was excised under open rhinoplasty incision. The pathologic report revealed focal bone formation and calcification within skeletal muscle. CONCLUSION: We describe a unique and only case of a myositis ossificans on nasal dorsum which is indifferent from previous concept.
Adult ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Muscles ; Myositis ; Myositis Ossificans ; Neck ; Nose ; Osteogenesis ; Rhinoplasty ; Thigh ; Upper Extremity

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was evaluating the efficacy of endoscopic Deflux(R) submucosal injection in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of medical record was conducted on 38 children (59 ureters) who underwent endoscopic Deflux(R) injection due to primary VUR. Data were collected from March 2000 to February 2006. Mean infused amount of Deflux(R) was 0.77 cc. After Deflux(R) injection, patients were reassessed by voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) 6 months later. RESULTS: The success rate of endoscopic Deflux(R) submucosal injection 6 months later by VCUG was 100% for grade 1 VUR, 87.5% for grade 2, 60% for grade 3, 26.6% for grade 4, 16.6% for grade 5, respectively and there was negatively significant correlation between success rate and grade of VUR (P<0.01). Degree of improvement of VUR by endoscopic Deflux(R) submucosal injection was not related to age at diagnosis, time to operation, existence of voiding dysfunction or constipation and infused amount of Deflux(R). However, group with anticholinergics medication had significantly lower success rate than non-medication group (P<0.047). CONCLUSION: Endoscopic Deflux(R) submucosal injection is effective therapy in patient with primary VUR, especially low grade VUR. It can be not only a useful substitute for prophylaxis with antibiotics, but also an effective management prior to ureteroneocystostomy in children with primary VUR.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child ; Cholinergic Antagonists ; Constipation ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

PURPOSE: Population-based studies have shown positive associations between migraine and irritable bowel syndrome, colitis and peptic ulcer and migraine prevalence was higher among patients with dysmotility-like dyspepsia or nausea/vomiting. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical manifestation between primary headache with epigastric pain or tenderness(EPT) and primary headache without EPT. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 58 patients who were diagnosed primary headache[by ICHD-II(2004)] at Incheon St. Mary Hospital from January, 2006 to December, 2007. Their clinical characteristics such as age, sex, frequency & severity of headache and associated symptoms & signs were analysed. RESULTS: The rate of headache associated with EPT were 36% of migraine cases, 50% of tension-type headache cases, and 100% of unclassified headache cases. Headache with EPT were at a high rate in female. Headache with EPT were more severe than one without EPT. Regulation of behavior, diet and sleep pattern had improved severity of headache in 71% of migraine without EPT and 94% of tension-type headache without EPT, but in 12% of migraine with EPT and 18% of tension-type headache with EPT. Headache disappeared in 64% of migraine with EPT and 53% of tension-type headache by additional regular antiacid medication. CONCLUSION: Our study supports any specific correlation between headache and EPT, but further studies are needed.
Abdominal Pain ; Child ; Colitis ; Diet ; Dyspepsia ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Headache ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; Medical Records ; Migraine Disorders ; Nausea ; Peptic Ulcer ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Tension-Type Headache ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: Thumb is the most important part of the hand. That requires reconstruction as a top priority. The operative methods for thumb reconstruction have been developed variously to the microsurgical technique. For better functional and cosmetic effects of the thumb, many studies and reports on toe transfer for thumb reconstruction have been conducted. Great toe transfer for thumb reconstruction was first reported by Cobbett in 1969. Since then, the second toe transfer also has been reported by Dongyue in 1979. Author report about advantages and disadvantages of the second toe transfer for thumb reconstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The second toe transfer had been conducted transfer for nine patients from March 1998 to February 2007. The patient's age ranged from 18 to 52, averaging 30 years old. The levels of defect were classified as two proximal portion of proximal phalanx,five metacarpo-phalangeal joints, and two distal portion of metacarpal bone. The causes of thumb defect were classified as six trauma, two electrical burn, and one malignant tumor cases. The results were evaluated with sensation and strength the reconstructed thumb, cometic effect of recipient site, aesthetic effects at donor sites, and gait problem, at mean 32 months after the operation. RESULTS: After the second toe transfer, the reconstructed thumb's sense was measured as average 8.2 mm at 2 point discrimination test and it's pinching power measured average 81.7% compared to normal thumbs. The degree of cosmetic satisfaction of both donor & recipient sites appeared at 3.4 and 4.7, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: When choosing an operative method for the thumb reconstruction, we have to consider functional and cosmetic effect as well as the socio-cultural background. If we apply the second toe transfer according to the amputation level of the thumb, it would be a good satisfying operative method.
Amputation ; Burns ; Cosmetics ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Gait ; Hand ; Humans ; Joints ; Sensation ; Thumb ; Tissue Donors ; Toes

To reconstruct the defect of nasal dorsum, factors such as skin color, texture and thickness should thoroughly be considered for more natural appearance. Authors would like to present 8 cases of soft tissue defect developed after augmentation with various materials that were treated with satisfactory results. This study is based on 8 patients who visited our clinic for the treatment of soft tissue defect on nasal radix after augmentation rhinoplasty. The materials used for augmentation were silicone implant in 5 cases, autologous microfat in 2 cases, and paraffin in 1 case. Guideline for treatment of soft tissue defects developed after augmentation as follows; 1. Soft tissue defects by silicone implant are treated with dressing or closure of the defect after removal of implant. 2. In cases of soft tissue defect after autologous microfat injection, conservative treatment can be recommended at first to increase the chance of microfat survival and infection control. Skin was resurfaced by scar healing or using the advancement local flap. 3. In paraffin injection case, conservative removal of foreign body and several months' wound dressing will obliterate dead space by granulation tissue and minimize the skin defect by wound contraction. Skin defect was reconstructed by advancement local flap.

Total scalp avulsion is rare but a devastating injury. This condition burdens the patient with disfigured cosmetic appearance and permanent psychosocial trauma. Throughout history, this condition has been favored in women working with mechanics since the long hair function as a vector appliance for oblique pull of the hair into a stationary torque. We present our experience of the replantation of the total avulsed scalp in male, first to be reported in Korea. Warm ischemic time was exceeding 16 hours along with severe crushed condition of the detached margin, a relatively satisfactory result was obtained.
Cosmetics ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Mechanics ; Replantation ; Scalp ; Torque ; Warm Ischemia

PURPOSE: Pediatric facial laceration takes a huge part of patients visiting emergency room and generates social attention for its proper emergency care. So much more attention should be paid to the proper treatment at emergency care unit, and furthermore, thorough survey of background information of the pediatric facial laceration may offer more proper prevention. METHODS: According to annual reports of 2009 and 2010, out of 5149 facial laceration patients who were given primary medical care at our clinic, 1452 patients were aged under 15 years old. Retrospective analysis of each pediatric facial lacerations were evaluated according to gender, age, periodic table, cause of injury, place of injury, sites of injury and so on. RESULTS: Pediatric facial laceration was found to occur mostly at 1 year old as they learn to walk and explore their environment. Evaluated analysis revealed that pediatric facial accidents occurred mostly on forehead region (75%), on Sundays, from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m., at home(61.5%). Most common cause of injury was collision(54.5%). CONCLUSION: In large group of pediatric facial laceration cases provided us with an surprising fact that accidents most commonly occur under parental supervision. This fact gives an actual understanding regarding pediatric facial laceration and more realistic approach in its prevention strategy.
Aged ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medical Services ; Facial Injuries ; Forehead ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Lacerations ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Organization and Administration ; Parents ; Pediatrics ; Retrospective Studies