Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AILD) is a systemic disease clinically characterized by fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, polyclonal gamma-globulinemia and Cooms' positive hemolytic anemia. The lymph node in AILD reveals a polymorphic feature consisting of a proliferation of small vessels, immunoblasts and plasma cells and acidophilic interstitial material. Progression into immunoblastic sarcoma is reported as high 35% of the patient with AILD. Nathwani et al have observed not only malignant transformation of AILD in sequential tissue examination, but also the coexistence of AILD and immunoblastic lymphoma in the same lymph node or at different sites in the same patient. Multiple clusters or islands of compactly arranged large lymphoid cells constitute the initial histologic evidence of immunoblastic sarcoma. Immunoblastic sarcoma is a large cell lymphoma conceptually related to transformed T-and B-lymphocytes of the extrafollicular compartment of the immune system, which proignosis is poor. We have recently experienced a case of immuno blastic sarcoma arising in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy in a 24-year-old woman. She had history of multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the inguinal, axilla and supraclavicular areas. Previous lymph node biopsies revealed reactive change. Six month later, right axillary lymph node biopsy reveled AILD with focal clusters of immunoblasts. Subsequent lymph node biopsy at the same site revealed diffuse immunoblasic sarcoma, B-cell type. A case presentation with histologic findings and a brief review of literature were done.
Female ; Humans ; Biopsy

We studied the association of nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness with general characteristics, exposure concentration, respiratory symptoms, chest x-ray findings, past histories and pulmonary function. We determined bronchial hyperresponsiveness by methacholine challenge test. And we conducted a respiratory symptom questionnaire and performed spirometry on 111 workers occupationally exposed to isocyanates in various industries. About 21.6% of subjects had bronchial hyperresponsiveness. No significant differences were observed between the hyperresponsive and non-responsive group with respect to age, sex, employment period, height, and smoking histories cough and breathlessness were significantly associated with the bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The hyperresponsive group had more experience of bronchitis and asthma in the past than the non-responsive group. The lower FEV1 and FEV1 % were closely related with bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Bronchial hyperrespoosiveness seems to be associated with some of respiratory symptoms, past histories and pulmonary function parameters in workers exposed to isocyanates.
Asthma ; Bronchitis ; Cough ; Employment ; Isocyanates* ; Methacholine Chloride ; Occupations ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Spirometry ; Thorax

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the differences in the facial emotion recognition and discrimination ability between children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: Fifty-three children aged 7 to 11 years participated in this study. Among them, 43 were diagnosed with ADHD and 10 with ASD. The parents of the participants completed the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist, ADHD Rating Scale and Conner's scale. The participants completed the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-fourth edition and Advanced Test of Attention (ATA), Penn Emotion Recognition Task and Penn Emotion Discrimination Task. The group differences in the facial emotion recognition and discrimination ability were analyzed by using analysis of covariance for the purpose of controlling the visual omission error index of ATA. RESULTS: The children with ADHD showed better recognition of happy and sad faces and less false positive neutral responses than those with ASD. Also, the children with ADHD recognized emotions better than those with ASD on female faces and in extreme facial expressions, but not on male faces or in mild facial expressions. We found no differences in the facial emotion discrimination between the children with ADHD and ASD. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that children with ADHD recognize facial emotions better than children with ASD, but they still have deficits. Interventions which consider their different emotion recognition and discrimination abilities are needed.
Autism Spectrum Disorder ; Autistic Disorder* ; Checklist ; Child Behavior ; Child* ; Discrimination (Psychology)* ; Facial Expression ; Female ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Male ; Parents

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effect of social skills training (SST) on facial emotion recognition and discrimination in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: Twenty-three children aged 7 to 10 years participated in our SST. They included 15 children diagnosed with ADHD and 8 with ASD. The participants' parents completed the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL), the ADHD Rating Scale, and Conner's Scale at baseline and post-treatment. The participants completed the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV (K-WISC-IV) and the Advanced Test of Attention at baseline and the Penn Emotion Recognition and Discrimination Task at baseline and post-treatment. RESULTS: No significant changes in facial emotion recognition and discrimination occurred in either group before and after SST. However, when controlling for the processing speed of K-WISC and the social subscale of K-CBCL, the ADHD group showed more improvement in total (p=0.049), female (p=0.039), sad (p=0.002), mild (p=0.015), female extreme (p=0.005), male mild (p=0.038), and Caucasian (p=0.004) facial expressions than did the ASD group. CONCLUSION: SST improved facial expression recognition for children with ADHD more effectively than it did for children with ASD, in whom additional training to help emotion recognition and discrimination is needed.
Autism Spectrum Disorder* ; Autistic Disorder* ; Checklist ; Child Behavior ; Child* ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Facial Expression ; Facial Recognition ; Female ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Male ; Parents ; Social Skills*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess hospital nurses' knowledge, importance and performance in keeping nursing records.METHODS: The research design was a descriptive study. The sample for this study was 186 nurses with at least one year of work experience at a hospital with more than 800 beds in Seoul. Knowledge was self-reported using the Nurse Charting Knowledge Scale. Importance and performance were rated on a 4-point scale of 26 items. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 program and IPA.RESULTS: This study showed significant results that knowledge, importance and performance for keeping record are related to each other. The importance and performance of nurse's records were relatively higher than the mean. In the IPA Matrix, there were 2 items requiring improvement, 13 items requiring maintenance, and 11 items with low priority.CONCLUSION: Therefore, awareness of the importance of record keeping and continuous education on nursing record knowledge should be provided so that nurses can improve their record keeping skills.
Education ; Nursing Records ; Nursing ; Research Design ; Seoul

Purpose: This study examined the relationships among serum ferritin, vitamin D, folate, iron, and vitamin B12 as indicators of obesity. The results provide the basic data for the prevention and treatment of obese and severely obese people. Methods: This study selected 44 people from 18 years of age or older to 59 years. This study used the indicators of the body mass index (BMI) to analyze obesity as the obesity group (BMI of 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 ) and as the severe obesity group (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2 ). Of the 44 subjects, 23 and 21 subjects were in the obesity and severe obesity groups, respectively. Their height, weight, body fat, skeletal muscle mass measured using bioimpedance analysis, and measured serum nutrients and biochemical parameters. Results: The obesity group showed a significantly lower age, body weight, BMI and body composition, body fat mass, and body fat percentage, and the height was significantly lower in the severe obesity group. The results of the biochemical parameters of the subjects showed that the levels of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were within the normal range, and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. The levels of folate, vitamin B12 , 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 , iron, and ferritin were almost normal, and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Conclusion This study revealed an association with the serum nutrients and obesity, but there was no difference between the obesity group and severe obesity group. Observations of the nutrient levels in not only the blood in obesity and severe obesity but also in red blood cells and tissues will be necessary.

BACKGROUND: Women with epilepsy tend to have hormonal and metabolic disturbances. This study was performed to investigate whether epileptic women with specific epileptic syndromes or antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are at risk for metabolic and/or menstrual abnormalities. METHODS: Women with epilepsy aged 15 to 50 years old, currently on AED medications for more than 6 months, were recruited for this study. Subjects checked their oral temperature each morning. Serum tests for lipid profiles, insulin, glucose, and leptin were performed on menstrual cycle days 2 to 3. HOMA-index, as a marker of insulin resistance, was calculated. RESULTS: In total 57 patients, 19 women were diagnosed as primary generalized epilepsy (PGE) and the other 38 as localization-related epilepsy (LRE). Among them, 42 patients were on monotherapy; 19 women on carbamazepine (CBZ), 12 on valproate (VPA), and 11 on lamotrigine (LTG). Body mass index increased in VPA group (24.43+/-3.61) compared to CBZ (22.03+/-2.45) or LTG (21.68+/-2.14) group (p=0.046), and metabolic syndrome was more commonly associated in VPA group (5/12, 41.7%) than in CBZ (1/19, 5.3%) or LTG (0%) group (p=0.005). Epileptic women on VPA experienced menstrual irregularity (7/12, 58.8%) more frequently, compared to CBZ (4/19, 21.1%) or LTG (3/11, 27.3%) group (p=0.089). No differences were observed between PGE and LRE groups. CONCLUSIONS: Women with epilepsy on VPA tend to be more obese, and more frequently have metabolic and/or menstrual abnormalities than epileptic women on CBZ or LTG..
Anticonvulsants ; Body Mass Index ; Carbamazepine ; Epilepsies, Partial ; Epilepsy* ; Epilepsy, Generalized ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance ; Leptin ; Menstrual Cycle ; Middle Aged ; Prostaglandins E ; Valproic Acid

BACKGROUND: Hospitals provide programs for routine screening health examination to meet the needs of people who take keen interest in the prevention of cancer and chronic diseases. But current programs do not reflect individual characteristics such as age, sex, occupation, and risk factors. Expensive diagnostic tests not based on evidence raise a continued issue of controversy. We evaluated on the scientific evidence of screening tests in these programs. METHODS: Internet home pages were searched for screening test provided by 6 major hospitals and by National Health Insurance Corporation. Screening tests were arranged by target diseases which were chosen by the authors. We reviewed the guidelines of several organizations and compared the scientific evidence of each test by the recommended guidelines. RESULTS: Excessive investigation, such as tumor markers, abdominal ultrasonography, anti-HCV Ab, and VDRL were routinely administered against recommended guidelines. Screening tests lacking sufficient evidence for recommendation were included. Furthermore, selection of the screening tests options and time interval was based on the clients' economic state and non-expert preference. CONCLUSION: Screening tests were uniformly administered in excess with insufficient evidence. Tailored screening program should be administered considering individual characteristics and risk factors.
Chronic Disease ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Internet ; Korea ; Mass Screening* ; National Health Programs ; Occupations ; Risk Factors ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is a class of proteolytic enzymes that digest collagen type IV and other components of the basement membrane. It plays a key role in the local invasion and the formation of distant metastases by various malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of MMP-2 and its significance as a prognostic marker in resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIAL AND METHOD: In this study we obtained fresh-frozen samples of tumor and non-tumor tissues from 34 patients with stage I NSCLC who underwent resection without preoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy. After the extraction of total protein from tissue samples, MMP-2 activities were assessed by gelatin-substrate-zymography. The activities were divided into the higher or lower groups. RESULT: The MMP-2 activities were higher in tumor tissues than in non-tumor tissues. The MMP-2 activity of non-tumor tissues in recurrent group was higher than in non-recurrent group (p<0.01). Also the patients with higher MMP-2 activity of non-tumor tissues showed poor 5 year survival (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: This result indicates that the higher level of MMP-2 activity in the non-tumor tissue is associated with the recurrence and survival after the resection of stage I NSCLC. Therefore, MMP-2 activity in the non-tumor tissue could be used as a potential prognostic marker for the resected stage I-NSCLC.
Basement Membrane ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Collagen Type IV ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Proteins ; Peptide Hydrolases ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent and the nature of biological nursing science education for clinical nurses in general hospital. METHODS: Five advanced general hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi province were conveniently sampled. Contents of education for nurses conducted by the hospital nursing department from January 1 to December 31 of 2015 were collected. Contents of education included biological nursing science and the scope of inclusion and time of assignment were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 271 cases of nursing education data were collected and 223 cases were analyzed after excluding 48 cases whose contents were not confirmed. Biological nursing science was included in the contents of education for 117 cases (52.5%), but not for 106 cases (47.5%). Regarding the frequency of the biological nursing science education contents, ‘pathophysiology’was the most frequently included (n=286), followed by ‘structure and function of the human body’ (n=191), ‘mechanisms and effects of drugs’ (n=114) and ‘clinical microbiology’ (n=43). CONCLUSION: Results of this study confirmed that the education for clinical nurses included a lot of biological nursing science related contents. These results can be used as basis for the development of curriculum and training course for nurses.
Curriculum ; Education ; Education, Nursing ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Nursing ; Seoul