The fibrovascular membrane of proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)cause severe damage to the structure and function of eye.The pathogenesis and development of fibrovascular membrane are associated with muhipie cellular factors,such as transforming growth factor(TGF),connective tissue growth factor(CTGF),basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF),tumor necrosis factor(TNF),extracellular matrix(ECM),matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs),endothelin and chemotactic factor,etc..So,the molecular mechanism of fibrovascular membrane of PDR is extremely complex.The relationship of pathogenesis on the fibrosis of PDR to cytokines,extracellular matrix,MMPs and other factors were summarized.

DNA, Neoplasm ; analysis ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole ; diagnosis ; genetics ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Pregnancy ; Triploidy ; Uterine Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) ithe leading cause of vision disordecaused by variouretinal diseases.Apresent,many therapeutimethodare employed clinically,such aphotodynamitherapy (PDT),anti-vasculaendothelial growth facto(anti-VEGF) and transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT).However,none of them can cure CNV thoroughly and repeated treatmenirequired usually.The reason forecurrenCNV istill unclear.Choroidal hypoperfusion associated with Pdmay be one of the reasons.The purpose of thireview ito discusthe problem of choroidal hypoperfusion associated with PDfoCNV awell aitimpacon the eye and possible solutions.Thipapepresentevidenceof choroidal hypoperfusion aftePDand itrelationship with clinical outcomes.Meanwhile,the effecof combination therapy iassessed.Finally,low-fluence Pdirecommended apotential method to reduce choroidal hypoperfusion.

Aim To examine the protective effects of allopregnanolone against seizure on different animal models.Methods The protective effects of allopregnanolone against maximal electrical seizure (MES) and picrotoxin-induced seizure were studied in C57 mice 15 minutes after vehicle or drug intraperitoneal administration.Results In the MES test, we found that pretreatment with the phenobarbital or allopregnanolone produced a dose-dependent protective effect against seizure. The potency (ED50 value) of phenobarbital in the MES test was 2.40 mg?kg-1, with 95% confidence interval range from 1.22 to 4.72 mg?kg-1. The potency (ED50 value) of allopregnanolone in the MES test was 0.086 mg?kg-1, with 95% confidence interval range from 0.037 to 0.201 mg?kg-1, which was significantly higher than that of phenobarbital (P

Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; DNA, Neoplasm ; blood ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; blood ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ; Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; Nucleic Acids ; blood

Child ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Osteochondrodysplasias ; classification ; diagnosis ; genetics

Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Dehydroepiandrosterone ; blood ; physiology ; therapeutic use ; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ; blood ; therapeutic use ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans

Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; poisoning ; Male ; Methylene Blue ; therapeutic use ; Poisoning ; therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To analyze comprehensively the investigation data of the national schistosomiasis surveillance sites from 2005 to 2007, in order to provide the evidence for mastering the endemic situation and pattern of schistosomiasis. Methods Eighty surveillance sites were selected, and the investigation data about schistosomiasis in residents and domestic animals and the status of Oncomelania snails in these sites were collected and analysed. Results From 2005 to 2007, the total infection rate in residents decreased by 54.90% (average decreased by 18.30% each year). The sites where the infection rate in residents was higher than 5% decreased year by year. In 2007, there was no site where the infection rate in residents was higher than 5% in all the 80 surveillance sites. All the infection rates in different age groups decreased for three years in succession, and the peak appeared at 30-50 age group in 2005, but moved to 50-60 age group in 2007. The infection rate in domestic animals decreased by 69.22%, and the infection rate in cattle and buffaloes remarkably decreased. For the three years, the areas with snails reduced by 8.84%, and the areas with infected snails reduced by 53.23%. The average densities of living snails and infected snails decreased year by year, but the infection rate of snails fluctuated during the three years. Conclusion The endemic situation of schistosomiasis in residents and cattle, and the status of snails, in general, remarkably decreased from 2005 to 2007.