Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Klinefelter Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; Male

Tumor is a complex systemic disease, involving abnormalities at multiple levels, such as DNA, RNA, protein and metabolite. According to the central rule, the derived omics methods are genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabonomics. In the past few decades, there have been remarkable achievements in the single omics study of tumor, but the exact mechanism of tumor development is still unclear. In order to reveal the process of tumorigenesis and development in a more systematic way, the research of multiomics came into being, which promoted the transformation of tumor research paradigm from single parameter model to multi parameter system model. The integration of multi-omics methods is expected to clarify the mechanism of tumor occurrence and development, find biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic and predictive performance, explore new treatment targets, and finally achieve predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM). This paper reviews the research methods and progress of different omics techniques in tumor research, especially emphasizes the importance and scientific value of the integration of multiple omics techniques in tumor research and clinical related results.

Colitis, Ulcerative ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

Adult ; Altitude ; Female ; Heart ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Health ; Railroads ; Tibet

AIM:To explore the diagnosis and treatment methods of radioaction-induced optic neuritis ( RION) through the clinical dates of 17 patients.
METHODS: It was a retrospective case series study. From August 2008 to October 2013, 17 cases (24 eyes) of Rion clinical dates from Chinese PLA General Hospital were studied. The diagnosis methods including visual acuity, pupil, fundus, visual field, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), visual electrophysiological testing, and head MRI. To analysis the clinical date of patients with diagnosis of RION by statistical description.
RESULTS: The deterioration degree of vision: 13 eyes were classified as Ⅳ, 9 eyes as Ⅲ, 2 eyes as II. Ten eyes RAPD ( + ) , visual electrophysiology is extinguished. The retina of 5 eyes showed flame hemorrhages and cotton wool spots exudation. Optic nerve head edema in one eye. T1 - weighted MRI enhanced in 19 eyes which showed optic nerve of the intracranial and intratubal segments abnormal changed, optic chiasm and pituitary stalk signal abnormalities and enhancement of the optic nerve. Tortuous optic nerves and rough edges were observed in 5 eyes. Treatment effect: 4 eyes of visual acuity improved, 1 eye from blindness to light perception,1 eye from 0. 08 to 0. 2, 1 eye from 0. 4 to 0. 6,1 eye from 0. 04 to 0. 15, the rest of the cases did not see any improvement.
CONCLUSION: The unique clinical manifestation of RION can provide objective basis for clinical diagnosis in time, but there have not been proven any effective treatments.

Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Cerebral Infarction ; blood ; genetics ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic

With the development of natural products, the research activities on the solubilization methods of water-insoluble natural products have been carried out worldwide. Big molecular weight and poor solubility of most natural active ingredients lead to a very poor oral absorption and low bioavailability, which has extremely limited their development in pharmaceutical fields and clinical application. As a result, it is necessary to find out a suitable technique to improve the solubility and enhance the oral bioavailability of insoluble natural drugs. Based on the related references published in these years, this review introduced some new techniques to improve the solubility and bioavailability of natural drugs, including prodrugs, inclusion complex, solid dispersion, cocrystals, osmotic pump, liquisolid compacts, micronization, self-microemulsifying, nanosuspensions, lipsomes, polymeric micelles and so on, and summarized the theory, characteristics, application range, application examples, problems and development direction of each technique.
Administration, Oral ; Biological Availability ; Biological Products ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; trends ; Solubility ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; trends ; Water

Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Rheumatic Diseases ; diagnosis ; drug therapy

l 1H-MRS was good for clinical purpose.

Objective To explore the relationship between clinical and pathological changes of complement 1q(C1q) nephropathy. Methods Clinical manifestation, pathologic features including glomerulus change, renal tubule - interstitial change and im-munopathology were compared between 10 cases of C1q nephropathy in children, who were diagnosed by renal biopsy. Results Presentation included idiopathic nephritic syndrome(6 cases), simple hematuria(2 cases), nephritic syndrome(1 case), rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis( 1 case); Renal biopsy revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis( FSGS) in 5, minimal-change disease( MCD) and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) respectively in two and crescentic glomerulonephritis in one. In addition, there were renal - tubule interstitial changes with 3 cases of grade I and grade II each other, 2 of grade III , 1 of grade IV . The prominent immunofluorescent features was the presence of bright mesangial deposition of C1q. The average follow - up time was 25.7 months. Six cases presenting nephrotic syndrome were resistant to steroid, but 5 were released after immunosuppressive therapy, the other had progressive renal insufficiency. Conclusions C1q nephropathy falls with the clinical - pathologic spectrum of FSGS generally. It is also presented as steroid - resistant nephritic syndrome. Moreover, the prognosis of C1q nephropathy is related to renal tubulointerstitial pathologic lesions not to C1q deposition.