AIM: To discuss the clinical efficacy of fresh amniotic membrane ( AM ) during the microscopic adjustable suture surgery in children's intercommunity strabismus, in order to guide clinical treatment.
METHODS: With the clinical randomized control study (RCT), 60 (112 eyes) cases of patients in childhood who received microscopic strabismus surgery in our hospital were divided them into two different groups from Jan. 2010 to Oct. 2015. According to the application of AM on the basis of ophthalmology outpatient number, 30 cases (58 eyes) in group A were treated with rectus muscle recession surgery combined adjustable suture combined with AM. The other 30 cases (54 eyes) in group B were treated with rectus muscle recession surgery combined adjustable suture only. All patients in two groups were followed-up over 6mo after the strabismus surgery.
RESULTS:Twenty-seven cases ( 48 eyes ) of all the strabismus patients must be adjusted after strabismus surgery, and the eye position adjustment rate was 42.9%. At 1mo after surgery, eye position of 18 cases (29 eyes) can be adjusted in all patients, and 44. 8% (16 cases, 26 eyes ) in group A with the average of adjustment lengths was 2. 56±0. 64mm, and 5. 6% ( 2 cases, 3 eyes ) in group B, with the average of adjustment lengths was 0. 52±0. 28mm, the differences of the adjustment rate and the average of adjustment amount were both high statistically significant (χ2 =22.477, P<0. 01; t=16. 502, P<0. 01 ) between the two groups. Except of 3 cases who couldn't cooperate with eye position adjustment, they all received eye position adjustment in different degrees in one month after strabismus surgery,and after eye position adjustment, 27 cases (53 eyes) in group A got normal eye position, and the correction rate of eye position was 91. 4%, and 16 cases (28 eyes) in group B got normal eye position after eye position adjustment, the correction rate was 51. 9%, the differences of the correction rate were statistically significant (χ2=21. 827, P<0. 01) between the two groups.
CONCLUSION: The application of fresh AM in the microscopic adjustable suture strabismus surgery is exactly effective in treatment of children's intercommunity strabismus. It can significantly extend the adjustment time and increase the adjustment amount, and it also can statistically improve the controllability and achievement ratio for children's strabismus surgery.

Chitosan microsphere has been wildly researched in controlled release of protein and peptide drug because of its excellent mucoadhesive and permeation enhancing effect across the biological surfaces. The control of the size and size distribution of microspheres is necessary in order to improve reproducibility, bioavailability, and repeatable release behavior. In this work, uniform-sized chitosan microspheres containing insulin were prepared by a novel membrane emulsification technique combined with glutaraldehyde crosslinking method. In order to prepare uniform-sized chitosn microspheres, it is necessary to modify hydrophilic membrane into hydrophobicity. It is found that there exists a linear relationship between the size of chitosan microspheres and pore size of the membrane used, so it is easy to control the size of microspheres by using membranes with different pore size. In this study, the effect of different amount of crosslinker and crosslinking time on microspheres' morphology, encapsulation efficiency (EE) and release profile of drug in vitro were investigated. It is shown that the morphology of microspheres is more smooth and spherical, and the release rate is slower with the increase of amount of glutaraldehyde and prolongation of crosslinking time. When the molar ratio of amino group of chitosan to aldehyde group of glutaraldehyde is 1:0.7, and crosslinking time is 1 h, the highest EE was obtained (about 65%). Date obtained suggest that chitosan microspheres prepared by this new method would be a promising system for controlled release of protein drugs.
Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Chitosan ; chemistry ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemical synthesis ; Drug Carriers ; chemical synthesis ; Emulsions ; Glutaral ; chemistry ; Humans ; Insulin ; pharmacokinetics ; Microspheres ; Particle Size

Female ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Leisure Activities ; Male ; Music ; Noise ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo develop a high performance capillary electrophoresis method for Citrus aurantium fingerprints to control its quality.

METHODThe background electrolyte (BGE) was an 80 mmol x L(-1) boric acid solution containing 15 mmol x L(-1) borate. The pH of the BGE was adjusted to 9.70 with KOH solution. The detection wavelength was 201 nm and a voltage of 16 kV was applied. The sample hydrodynamic injection was 0.4 ps with a duration time of 8 sec. C. aurantium was extracted by water and a set of capillary electrophoresis fingerprints (CEFP) containing 12 co-possessing peaks was obtained.

RESULTThere were good similarities between the standard CEFP and each set of CEFP of C. aurantium collected from eleven different places, and their similarity coefficients were between 0.973 and 0.996.

CONCLUSIONThe CEFP has acceptable precision, reproducibility and stability and can be used for the quality control of C. aurantium.

Borates ; chemistry ; Citrus ; chemistry ; Electrolytes ; chemistry ; Electrophoresis, Capillary ; methods ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Temperature

AIMTo explore the culture method of rat hepatocyte between two collagen gel layers on a sandwich configuration and observe the function and morphological characteristics of the hepatocyte, which will be used in evaluation the effect of traditional Chinese Medicine on cytochrome P450.

METHODSRat hepatocyte were isolated by two-step in situ collagenase perfusion method; the hepatocyte were seeded in dishes coated with type I rat tail collagen, culture medium was added and changed daily after gelation. The morphological characteristics of the hepatocyte were observed and biochemical index were tested. The drug effect on the expression of CYP3A was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSRat hepatocytes were successfully attached in gel. BUN and Alb excretion from cell could be tested in the culture period, however, the release of LDH content were lower than the culture system without collagen gel. The typical cellular morphological characteristics of cultured hepatocytes could be observed. PCN increased CYP3A mRNA expression in dose-dependent manner, while the expression of GAPDH wasn't affected.

CONCLUSIONRat hepatocyte sandwich culture can maintenance the cell function and activity, which simulate the environment that more closely in vivo, especially the activity of drug metabolism enzymes.

Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; metabolism ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

A RF coil (or probe) is one of the key components in NMR spectrometers and MRI systems, and designing a quality RF coil is a cheaper way to improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of systems and image quality. According to different applications there are a variety of RF coils. This article describes high-sensitive micro RF coils used in NMR spectrometers specially for test-tube samples. Their performance has been verified on the desktop MRI systems.
Equipment Design ; Image Enhancement ; instrumentation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; instrumentation ; Radio Waves

The crude extracts of the fermentation broth from a marine sediment-derived actinomycete strain, Saccharothrix sp. 10-10, showed significant antibacterial activities against drug-resistant pathogens. A genome-mining PCR-based experiment targeting the genes encoding key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites indicated that the strain 10-10 showed the potential to produce tetracenomycin-like compounds. Further chemical investigation of the cultures of this strain led to the identification of two antibiotics, including a tetracenomycin (Tcm) analogs, Tcm X (1), and a tomaymycin derivative, oxotomaymycin (2). Their structures were identified by spectroscopic data analysis, including UV, 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR and MS spectra. Tcm X (1) showed moderate antibacterial activities against a number of drug-resistant pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) pathogens, with the MIC values in the range of 32-64 microg x mL(-1). In addition, 1 also displayed significant cytotoxic activities against human cancer cell lines, including HL60 (leukemia), HepG2 (liver), and MCF-7 (breast) with the IC 50 values of 5.1, 9.7 and 18.0 micromol x L(-1), respectively. Guided by the PCR-based gene sequence analysis, Tcm X (1) and oxotomaymycin (2) were identified from the genus of Saccharothrix and their 13C NMR data were correctly assigned on the basis of 2D NMR spectroscopic data analysis for the first time.
Actinomycetales ; chemistry ; genetics ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Benzodiazepinones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Data Mining ; methods ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Enterococcus faecalis ; drug effects ; Fermentation ; Genomics ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Marine Biology ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Molecular Structure ; Naphthacenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Phylogeny ; Staphylococcus epidermidis ; drug effects

ObjectiveTo test the effect of human tremor detector in clinic based on the principle of photoelectrical transformation.MethodsFifty-five subjects including normal youth and elderly persons, patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), hyperthyroidism and cerebellor ataxia were tested with human tremor detector. The displacement, frequency spectrograph, velocity and acceleration of both hands in four kinds of postures and action were involved.ResultsThe physiological tremor and pathological tremor in different kinds of patients were significantly different (P<0.05). Especially in PD, both quantitive and qualitative data had a significant difference.ConclusionHuman tremor detector can provide the evidence for early diagnosis of PD.

OBJECTIVETo distinguish the edema, injury, or rupture in the traumatic skeletal muscle fiber in vivo using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

METHODSThe skeletal muscle trauma models were made in 4 rabbits (eight hindlimbs) by iron discus (weight 1.0 kg, diameter 6 cm) falling down vertically from 45 cm height to rabbits' thighs. Conventional sequences and two-dimensional (2D) diffusion-weighted (DW) spin-echo (SE) echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence with fat suppression (b = 600 s/mm2) were performed on 1. 5T MRI scanner. The grading of edema, injury, and fiber rupture in the damaged muscle were made according to their histopathological views, which was consistent with the images. The mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and fractional anisotropy (FA) values were measured from the region of interests (ROIs) of all groups on 2D DW images used for tractography. Analysis of variance test was performed to analyze all data.

RESULTSADC values of the areas in normal muscle, edema muscle, injury muscle, and ruptured muscle were (6.12 +/- 1.34) x 10(-3), (6.38 +/- 1.30) x 10(-3), (8.06 +/- 0.97) x 10(-3), and (9.57 +/- 0.93) x 10(-3) mm2/s, respectively. There was significant difference among groups (P < 0.001), but no difference between edema muscle and normal muscle group (P > 0.05). The FA values of normal muscle, edema muscle, injury muscle, and ruptured muscle were 0.42 +/- 0.12, 0.36 +/- 0.12, 0.26 +/- 0.09, 0.12 +/- 0.08, respectively, with a significant difference among groups (P < 0.001). In the edema muscle, the tracking cross-fiber could be seen but it decreased slightly. In the injury muscle, the tracking fiber decreased markedly. In the ruptured muscle, the transverse-orientation tracking fiber vanished, yet some interrupted longitudinal-orientation tracking fiber could be found.

CONCLUSIONThe edema, injury, and rupture of muscle fiber in rabbit damaged skeletal muscle can be verified according to the ADC and the FA on DTI and tractography.

Animals ; Anisotropy ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Echo-Planar Imaging ; Edema ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; injuries ; pathology ; Rabbits ; Rupture ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Thigh ; injuries ; pathology

Objective To investigate the effect of high-dose coenzyme Q10 on the central nervous system in mice,and to provide experimental basis for clinical safety evaluation.Methods Mice were randomly divided into vehicle control group,perillartine control group,positive control group (chlorpromazine or diazepam) and coenzyme Q10 low,medium and high dose groups (1.5,3.0 and 6.0 g/kg,equivalent to 75,150,and 300 times of clinical dosage,respectively).The corresponding drugs were ig given to mice with the volume of 40 mL/kg.The general behavior of mice was observed directly,the motor coordination ability was observed by rotating stick method,and Anymaze animal behavior video analysis system was used to observe the spontaneous activity of mice and synergistic reaction with sub-threshold dose of pentobarbital sodium.Results There were no significant differences in the general behavioral activity,and the number of spontaneous activity times,mean resident time,and ratio of sleeping were found in all coenzyme Q10 groups,compared with the vehicle and perillartine control groups.Conclusion High dose of coenzyme Q10 has no significantly toxic effect on the central nervous system in mice,which could provide a reliable experimental basis for further medication study and clinical application of high-dose coenzyme Q 10.