Therapy methods of esophageal carcinoma have gradually becomecomprehensive treatment according to precise preoperative staging,Traditional preoperative examinations are difficult to meet the requirements of preoperative staging.The level of preoperative staging in esophageal carcinoma is improved by the progress of endoscopic esophageal ultrasound(EUS),EUS-FNA,three-dimensional re-construction,integrated PET-CT,endoscopic techniques and so on.

Objective To explore a more scientific method in the calculation of therapeutic dose of 131I.Methods One hundred and eighty-seven Graves disease patients with 131I treatment were randomly divided into two groups (group A and group B).131I dose treatment in group A (n=93) was calculated according to the formula:131I treatment doses (Bq or μ Ci)=planned doses (Bq or μ Ci/g thyroid)×thyroid weight(g)×100/the thyroid highest iodine uptake rate or 24 hours iodine uptake rate(%).On the basis of the calculation formula of 131I dose treatment,dosage adjustment was considered with individual differences,patient's condition and other factors in group B(n=94). Results The cure rate of a single dose of 131I was significantly increased in group B.There was significant difference between group A and group B.The incidences of early onset and late onset hypothyroidism were markedly decreased in group B.There was significant difference between group A and group B. Conclusions On the basis of the previous calculation formula of 131I dose treatment,dosage adjustment is fully considered with individual differences,patient's condition and other factors in this study.This makes the treatment more scientific and reasonable.The cure rate of hyperthyroidism is obviously increased,moreover the occurrence rate of hypothyroidism is obviously decreased.It can reduce the economic burden of patients,and furthermore it will acquire good economic results and society benefit.This method is worth popularizing.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) is one of the main causes which threatend the health of preterm infants. As neonatal intensive care improved, the "new" BPD have replaced the" old" BPD. The development of BPD involved many factors, and several preventative and therapeutic strategies have been used in BPD.

Objective To discuss the clinical curative effect of hysteroscopy,laparoscopic operation for the treatment of cesarean scar pregnancy(CSP).Methods Selected and analyzed the clinical data of CSP patients,inclu-ding transvaginal uterine scar pregnancy lumpectomy patients,14 cases of patients (group A),abdominal uterine scar pregnancy lumpectomy,14 cases of patients (group B),laparoscopic surgery,20 cases of patients (group C).The intraoperative,postoperative,postoperative complications were compared in three groups.Results Three groups of patients were completed excision of the lesion,the operation time,flatus time,hospital stay of group A were the shortest,followed by group C (compared with group A,t =6.8,6.5,0.62),group B longest (compared with group A, t =7.2,14.9,6.2).In group B,1 case had blood transfusion;blood HCG had no difference in recovery time of three groups;the lowest average cost of hospitalization in group A,followed by group B (t =3.1),the highest was group C (t =0.72);group B postoperative complications a minimum of two cases (15.0%),followed by group A,group B up to seven cases (50.0%).Conclusion Laparoscopic excision of caesarean scar pregnancy can be suitable in the treatment of exogenous caesarean sear pregnancy which offers advantages.This management could repair the uterine seals,and Conserves the fertility potential.

Pritnaiy immunodeficiency diseases can be divided into eight diseases, including defects in innate immunity. According to new literature,defects in innate immunity involves seven diseases which are all resulted from gene mutation. Three diseases have a correlation with NF-κB signaling pathway. Different from common primary immunodeficiency diseases, two diseases have a correlation with virus infection. Defects in innate immunity play an important role in primary immunodeficiency diseases. But it can't make a definite diagnosis because of incompletely understanding.

Objective:To investigate the expression of FasL and its significance in thyroid adenocarcinomas. Methods: Immunohis-tochemical staining(S- P method) was used to detect expression of FasL in formalin - fixed and paraffin - embeded tissues from 27 cases of thyroid papillary adenocarcinomas(TPA) ,20 medullary carcinomas(MC)and 12 normal thyroid tissues. The relationship between the thyroid adenocarcinomas and the positive rates of FasL expression was analyzed. Results: FasL had various degrees of expression in TPA.The positive rate of high FasL expression was 81. 8% in group B,31. 2% in group A, with a significant difference of P

There were several public exhibitions of human cadaver specimens held in western countries since Gunther von Hagens, a German anatomist, invented bioplastify technology, which can be used for preserving human cadaver specimens. The exhibitions of human cadaver specimens, which were obviously commercialized and artistic, touched off extensive debate about ethics between different views in western countries. Because of the effect of western countries, several exhibitions of human cadaver specimens in the name of popularization of science were held in China in recent years. These exhibitions collided with Chinese traditional moral concepts, and caused a series of debate about ethics in personalities of various circles. This article illustrated ethical problems on exhibition of human cadaver specimens in China and the countermeasures from the angle of medical ethics, and did preliminary research on ethical problems on the application of bioplastify technology.

Objective To develop a method to determine iodine of water. Methods Samples were derivatively treated and injected at no split injection mode into GC analysis system with the capillary column and ECD. Results Compared with the sanitary regulations of drinking water defined in 2001 China, the determination method showed a lowest detection mass of 0.001 ng, a linear range of 1.0-10 ?g/L and a detection limit of 1 ?g/L. RSDs and recovery rates were 2.5%-3.4% and 96.3%-101.5%. Conclusion This method is simple and the detection limit is low, the linear range is acceptable.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the realization of zero error and zero complaint of pharmacy dispensing.METHODS:The experiences of pharmacy dispensing were summarized since the openning of our hospital.Zero defect concept was adopted to improve the management of pharmacy dispensing in the fields of all staff participating in the prevention of errors and disputes,improving service attitude and communication skills,arranging the manpower reasonably and selecting the appropriate position for the right person,improving the professional quality of pharmacy staff and operation procedures,establishing registration and exchange system for dispensing error,providing the training on rational use of drugs for physicians.RESULTS:In recent two years,the application of zero defects concept guaranteed the condition of zero errors and zero complaint of pharmacy dispensing.CONCLUSIONS:Basic measures for zero errors and zero complaint of pharmacy dispensing contain all pharmacy staff applies zero defects concept to guide pharmacy dispensing,to formulate management system for preventing defect and its countermeasures,to practice people-oriented management model of clinical pharmacist.

The present paper analyses 76 cases of electronencephalography of 32 followed-up patients with sporadic encephalitis, The electronencephalographic changes are closely correlated with the patients' clinical outcomes, About 83.87% of the cases parallel with one another. But the clinical improvements occur prior to the EEG changes, There are still no reliable clinical diagnostic criteris and specific etiologic methods to diagnose the disease, It is thought that performing EEG repeatedly during the follow-up of patients is the simplest but significant way to ascertain prognosis, outcomes and retrospective diagnosis for this disease.