Objective To investigate the effect of different levels of positive pressure (PEEP) during one-lung ventilation on blood gas and hemodynamics in patients with thoracoscopic lung bullae resection surgery.Methods Seventy-eight patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung bullae resection surgery were divided into three groups by random number table method,26 cases in each:group Ⅰ was only given one-lung intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) after two-lung ventilation,group Ⅱ was given one-lung IPPV and PEEP 5 cmH2O (1 cmH2O =0.098 kPa) after two-lung ventilation,group Ⅲ was given one-lung IPPV and PEEP 10 cmH2O after two-lung ventilation.Blood gas and hemodynamics were recorded and compared in the supine position and lateral position two-lung ventilation,one lung ventilation 10 and 30 min among three groups.Results Oxygen saturation was maintained at 0.99-1.00 in three groups.pH value,base excess,arterial carbondioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) and HCO3-at each time point in three groups had no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).Arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ at one-lung ventilation 10,30 min was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ [(336.2 ± 113.2),(348.5 ± 109.7) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) vs.(285.0 ± 103.5) mmHg,(357.6 ± 104.0),(358.9 ±103.2) mmHg vs.(276.0 ± 107.2) mmHg] (P ＜0.05),but were within the normal range,there was no statistical difference between group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (p ＞ 0.05).Heart rate,mean arterial pressure,left ventricular ejection time,systemic vascular resistance at each time point in three groups had no statistical significance (P ＞0.05).Stroke volume,cardiac output in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ at one-lung ventilation 10,30 min were lower than those in supine position and lateral position two-lung ventilation and the same period in group Ⅰ (P ＜ 0.05),but were within the normal range,there were no statistical differences between group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (p ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Two-lung ventilation after one-lung IPPV and PEEP 5 cmH2O in thoracoscopic lung bullae resection surgery can maintain satisfactory PaO2 and PaCO2,hemodynamic change is not obvious; PEEP 5 cmH2O compares with only IPPV can further improve PaO2,but PEEP 10 cmH20 can't further improve PaO2.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the calcium ion and the effects of ECA on the contraction of the smooth muscles of Oncomelania foot, and explore the mechanism of ECA in decreasing the snail climbing adhesion and increasing snail-killing. Method The in vitro experiment was used to observe the effects of ECA on contraction activities of foot smooth muscles of Oncomelania. Results ECA 5. 0, 10. 0, 20. 0 mg/L. enhanced the resting tension, decreased the contraction range and increased the contraction frequency of the foot smooth muscles of Oncomelania in Ringer's solution with or without Ca2+ , with a characteristic of the dose-dependent, but stronger in solution with Ca2+ than that in solution without Ca2+. Conclusions ECA can enhance the resting tension, decrease the contraction range and increase the contraction frequency of the foot smooth muscles of Oncomelania. This suggested that ECA could be related to increasing the intracellular Ca2+ release and influx of the extracellular Ca2+. This could provide an explanation why ECA decreases the rate of Oncomelania climbing adhesion and enhances snail-killing.

To explore the role of connexin43 (Cx43) in gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) and propagated sensation along meridians, the expression of Cx43 in the rat epithelial cells and fibroblasts was studied both in vitro and in vivo. With the in vitro study, the rat epithelial cells and fibroblasts were cultured together, and the localization of Cx43 was detected by immunohistochemistry and indirect immunofluorescent cytochemistry and under confocal microscopy . And the expression of Cx43 on the surface of the cells was examined by flow cytometry. With the in vivo examination, 20 SD rats were randomized into control group (n = 10) and electrical acupuncture group (EAgroup, n=10). EA ( 0.5-1.5 V, 4-16 Hz , 30 min) was applied to"Zusanli"acupoint for 30 min at rat's hind paw, the localization of Cx43 was immunohistochemically detected.The immunohistochemical staining and indirect immunfluorescent cytochemistry showed that Cx43was localized on the surface of the cells and in the cytoplasm. The relative expression level of Cx43on the cellular membrane surfaces of the rat epithelial cells and fibroblasts, as determined by FACS, were 13.91 % and 29.53 % respectively. Our studied suggested that Cx43 might be involved in GJIC and propagated sensation along meridians.

Objective To investigate the effects of triangle stents with different rotation angles on hemodynamics of cerebral aneurysms. Methods A non-uniform lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) was adopted to make local refinement on grids near the stent, and a scheme for the curved boundary conditions was used to numerically simulate the stented cerebral aneurysms. The stream plots of flows in the aneurysms, the velocity profiles at the aneurysm orifice and the velocity reduction were obtained and analyzed to evaluate the effects of stents with different rotation angles on treating cerebral aneurysms. Results With respect to velocity reduction, the best treatment effect was achieved in the triangle stent with rotation angle of 180°, while the triangle stent without any rotation caused the smallest velocity reduction. In addition，the dynamic differences were not obvious in triangle stents with different rotation angles at small porosities. Conclusions The non-uniform LBM combined with curved boundary conditions can be used to study hemodynamic characteristics of the cerebral aneurysm accurately, which provides reference for the design of such stent and also offers some guidance for intervention therapy in clinic.

Objective To summarize and evaluate the clinical features,therapeutic methods and prognosis of 197 cases with eating crayfish caused rhabdomyolysis in our hospital within July,2016 to August,2016.Methods Using retrospective method,197 rhabdomyolysis cases induced by eating crayfish were admitted into study.Data of epidemiological character,clinical features,therapy protocol and prognosis were collected and analyzed.Results All the patients had the experience of eating crayfish within 12h before the onset.Patients in this cohort had the common symptoms but varying degrees of myalgia,fatigue of the whole body muscles,and urine color change.Laboratory tests revealed:On day 1 of onset,serum myoglobin level had raised up to the peak with average level at (2 135 ± 1 547) μg/L (0-46 μg/L).Creatine kinase with average level at (4 657 ± 2 178) U/L (25-190 U/L);Aspartate transaminase with average level at 264 ± 83 U/L (10-45 U/L);Lactate dehydrogenase with average level at (1 457 ± 673) U/L (313-618 U/L),all these three markers reached peak on day 2,then gradually declined.All the patients recovered and discharged after relaxation,fluid infusion,alkalization of urine and dealing with the complications.Conclusion Timely diagnosis and treatment of the rhabdomyolysis syndrome induced by eating crayfish could indicate favorable prognosis in these patients from July,2016 to August,2016.

Objective To understand the acute toxicity of a plant-derived molluscicide Eomecon Chionantha Hance alkaloids ECA to fish. Methods The conventional tests of acute toxicity to fish were carried out at the laboratory. Results The Hypophthalmichthys molitrix mortality was zero under the concentration of 1. 25 mg/L for 96 hours, and 100% under the concentration of 20. 0 mg/ L. for 2 hours. LC50 of ECA to Hypophthalmichthys molitrix was 6. 457 mg/L for 2 h and the 95% confidence interval was 5. 289-7. 882 mg/L. The Cyprinus carpio mortality was zero under the con centration of 2. 5 mg/L for 96 hours, and 100% under the concentration of 20. 0 mg/L for 2 hours. LC50 of ECA to the Cyprinus carpio was 7. 244 mg/L for 2 hours and the 95% confidence interval was 5. 278-9. 954 mg/L. The Carassius auratus mortality was zero under the concentration of 1. 25 mg/L for 96 hours, and 100 % under the concentration of 20. 0 mg/L for 5 hours. LC50 of EGA to the Carassius auratus was 7. 080 mg/L for 5 hours and the 95% confidence interval was 5. 202 -9. 635 mg/L. Conclusion Toxicity of ECA to fish is lower than that of niclosamide. The EGA thus represents a promising plant-derived molluscicide which is worthy of further investigation.

Objective To extract the molluscicidal active component, Eomecon Chionantha Hance Alkaloids (ECA)from Eomecon Chionantha Hance. Methods The molluscicidal active component from the rootstalk of Eomecon Chionantha Hance was extracted and purified by using the method, 70% alcohol percolation, decompress concentrating, salting-out and so on. Results The final product rate of ECA was 1.009%. Conclusion This method is economic, simple and reliable, and suitable to industrialized production.

Objective To understand the molluscicidal effects of Eomecon Chionantha Alkaloids (ECA) on Oncomelania hupensis.Methods By using immersion methods for different durations of time the molluscicidal effects of ECA and the rate of snails climbing-upward were observed. Results While the solution concentrations and temperatures of ECA were at 1.25 mg/L,30℃;2.5 mg/L,25℃;5 mg/L and 10 mg/L,25℃ respectively,and the snails were immersed for 72 hours,the mortality of Oncomelania snails were 100%. The hatching rates of Oncomelania eggs after immersed for 72 h in the solution of 5 mg/L were 0～10%. ECA showed an inhibiting effect on the snails' climbing-upward in the concentrations of 5 mg/L. Conclusion ECA has molluscicidal effect on Oncomelania and is one of the potential plant molluscicides.

Objective To establish a model of cervical spondylosis in rats. Methods Sixty SD rats (four months old) were ran-domly divided into control, muscle imbalance and posterior column instability group, ten rats in each group. Then the degeneration of X-ray film and motion function were evaluated by oblique board test. Results After analyzed the cervical films of control groups, the nature curve still existed, vertebral clearance had no abnormal. No ostensis spurs or ossifies in Luschka joint and joint processes were found. But in mus-cle imbalance and posterior column instability groups, the nature curve was disappeared or stiff, vertebral clearance were stenosis, osteosis spur formed, ossify or sclerosis emerged in Lnschka joint and joint process. Compared with control group in oblique board test, the muscle force decreased in muscle imbalance and posterior column instability group. There were no statistic significant difference between 2 and 4 months of control group, and also no difference in muscle imbalance and posterior column instability group, but there were significant differ-ence in 2 and 4 months of muscle imbalance and posterior column group. Conclusion Not only cervical posterior column instability but also muscle imbalance could result in cervical spendylosis, both muscle force balance and posterior column were important factors in maintaining spine stability.

In this paper, the question about automatic brightness control for x-ray imaging systems based on CCD camera is discussed, and the structure and principle of an auto brightness control loop are analyzed along with the working procedure of the x-ray imaging system. A kind of digital brightness controller about a typical device and the designing idea of the computer brightness intelligent control software is introduced.
Algorithms ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Radiation Protection ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; instrumentation ; Radiography ; instrumentation ; X-Ray Intensifying Screens