AIM: To study the effect of propolis on the expression of CD54 and activation of NF-?B p65 in lung tissue of acute lung injury (ALI) rats. METHODS: 40 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: normal control, model control, dectancyl group, water soluble derivative of propolis (WSP) group and ethanol extracted propolis (EEP) group. ALI animal model was performed by oleic acid and LPS twice attack. The pathologic slice was observed with light microscope and the NF-?B p65 activity and CD54 expression were tested by immunohistochemistry (SABC and SP). RESULTS: Both EEP and WSP antagonized the lung edema, decreased the inflammation and inhibited the expression of CD54 and activation of NF-?B p65. CONCLUSION: The increase in the expression of CD54 and the activation of NF-?B p65 in the lung tissues of ALI were involved in the formation of ALI. Propolis ameliorated the lung damage, which maybe related to the inhibition of CD54 expression and NF-?B p65 activation.

Objective To establish a detection method of Salmonella in laboratory animals based on a high-throughput sequencing technology, and to apply it in detection of Salmonella in laboratory animals.Methods DNA samples were extracted from mouse feces.Universal primers for 16S rDNA, 23S rDNA, 16S-23S rDNA, 23S-5S rDNA region, gyrB preferred area were designed, respectively.Each primer was tested and analyzed to determine the best amplification conditions and build a database.Forty-two samples of Salmonella were assayed by Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology and evaluated the specificity and stability of this method.Results The species preferred region of Salmonella was gyrB gene region.The primers for gyrB gene were FP5 ’-AACCACCGCAATCAGACCTT3‘ and FP5 ’-AGCCACGAAACCTTCACYA-3’.The primers were optimized and determined, through a high-throughput sequencing, and the sequence analysis detected very small amount of Salmonella in the 42 samples, indicating that this detection method is stable, highly sensitive, and the limit of detection reached to 0-102 CFU.Conclusions We have established a complete detection system for detection of Salmonella in laboratory animals based on a high-throughput sequencing technology, This system can detect trace amounts of Salmonella in laboratory animals, and this detection method is stable and highly sensitive, which can be also used in detection of other kinds of pathogenic microorganism in laboratory animals.

Objective: To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and the possible mechanism of water and ethanol extracts of propolis. Method: Forty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: normal group, model group, medicine groups, two groups treated with water and ethanol extracts of propolis. The acute pleurisy model was established by injecting carrageenan. The effects of propolis on acute pleurisy was studied by counting leukocytes, measuring the content of MDA, lysozyme and activity of SOD in serum and the content of NO, protein and PGE2 in pleural effusion. Results: The propolis solutions extracted by water and ethanol presented obvious effect on inflammation. It could antagonize the purulent pleurisy, reduce the number of leukocytes and the content of MDA, lysozyme and activity of SOD in serum and the contents of NO, protein and PGE2 and decrease the inflammation. Conclusion: Propolis displays anti-inflammatory effects by decreasing the action of NO and PGE2 and preventing the activation of protein kinase.

An ECG waves separation technique based on math ematical morphology is suggested and discussed in this paper. Without detection of QRS complexes, the QRS complexes can be eliminated by series morphological o perations. Then the start points and end points of P-wave and T-wave can be de cided and the waves of ECG are separated qualitatively and quantitatively. The r esults of qualitative separations are rather satisfied and the SDs of quantitative separation results are not very large. Also, ECG signals are filtered and bas eline is normalized by morphological method.

The accuracy and diagnostic values of transcranial Doppler (TCD) in transient ischemic attack (TIA) caused by the stenosis or occlusion of intracranial or extracranial blood vessels were investigated. Of the 50 TIA patients receiving routine TCD examinations, 39 cases (77 %) were diagnosed as having unilateral or bilateral stenosis or occlusion of MCA, ACA, siphon segment of internal carotid artery, which was furthermore confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or MRA, 11 (22 %) cases were normal. An analysis on the TCD findings of the flow patterns and hemodynamic changes of the stenotic or occluded blood vessels was made in comparison with that obtained by angiography. It was showed that angiography demonstrated 17 unilateral MCA stenosis, 47 bilateral multi-stenosis, 1 occlusion of the siphon segment of the internal carotid artery, while TCD revealed 17 unilateral stenosis, 64 bilateral stenosis, 1 occlusion respectively, with an accordance rate of 78.7 %. It was concluded that the hemodynamic changes secondary to the stenosis of the basalcranial arteries, especially the moderate to severe stenosis or occlusion, might be an important risk factor for TIA. TCD examination achieved significant clinic values in the diagnosing of TIA.

The immunophenotyping expression levels of lymphocyte in the peripheral blood from 21 patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were analyzed by using the immunofluorescence labeling-flow cytometry technique to investigate the immunophenotyping expression of lymphocytes T and B in the peripheral blood of active SLE patients and its clinical value. It was showed that, compared with normal controls, the expression of CD+3, CD+4 and the ratio of CD+4/CD+8 in the peripheral blood of these patients were decreased (P<0.01), while the expression of CD+8, CD+20 was significantly increased (P<0.01). It was suggested that both T and B cells in patients with active SLE involved in immunoregulation, were activated. The abnormal expression of lymphocyte immunophenotyping could influence the immune reaction in SLE patients, which might be one of the important pathogenesis factors in SLE.

The accuracy and diagnostic values of transcranial Doppler (TCD) in transient ischemic attack (TIA) caused by the stenosis or occlusion of intracranial or extracranial blood vessels were investigated. Of the 50 TIA patients receiving routine TCD examinations, 39 cases (77 %) were diagnosed as having unilateral or bilateral stenosis or occlusion of MCA, ACA, siphon segment of internal carotid artery, which was furthermore confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or MRA, 11 (22 %) cases were normal. An analysis on the TCD findings of the flow patterns and hemodynamic changes of the stenotic or occluded blood vessels was made in comparison with that obtained by angiography. It was showed that angiography demonstrated 17 unilateral MCA stenosis, 47 bilateral multi-stenosis, 1 occlusion of the siphon segment of the internal carotid artery, while TCD revealed 17 unilateral stenosis, 64 bilateral stenosis, 1 occlusion respectively, with an accordance rate of 78.7 %. It was concluded that the hemodynamic changes secondary to the stenosis of the basalcranial arteries, especially the moderate to severe stenosis or occlusion, might be an important risk factor for TIA. TCD examination achieved significant clinic values in the diagnosing of TIA.

The immunophenotyping expression levels of lymphocyte in the peripheral blood from 21 patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were analyzed by using the immunofluorescence labeling-flow cytometry technique to investigate the immunophenotyping expression of lymphocytes T and B in the peripheral blood of active SLE patients and its clinical value. It was showed that, compared with normal controls, the expression of CD+3, CD+4 and the ratio of CD+4/CD+8 in the peripheral blood of these patients were decreased (P<0.01), while the expression of CD+8, CD+20 was significantly increased (P<0.01). It was suggested that both T and B cells in patients with active SLE involved in immunoregulation, were activated. The abnormal expression of lymphocyte immunophenotyping could influence the immune reaction in SLE patients, which might be one of the important pathogenesis factors in SLE.

In order to investigate the ipsilateral lymphadenectomy for inhibiting rejection in rat corneal transplantation, corneal allogenic transplantation models were established in rats. Eighteen female Wister rats were used as donors, and 36 Sprague Dawley rats as recipients. After penetrating corneal transplantation, recipients were randomly divided into 3 groups: group A (control group);group B, the ipsilateral lymphadenectomy group; group C, the bilateral lymphadenectomy group.Among 12 rats in each group, the corneas of 2 rats in each group were used for pathological study at day 14 after the transplantation, and the remaining 10 rats were used for studying corneal rejection by a slit lamp. The time points when allograft rejection occurred were recorded and mean survival time (MST) was compared. The results showed that MST in groups B and C was 46.30±9.464 days and 44.43 ± 7. 604 days, respectively, which was significantly prolonged as compared with that in group A (10.71±1. 567 days, P＜0.01). There was no significant difference in MST between groups B and C (P＞0.05). Itwas concluded that both bilateral and ipsilateral lymphadenectomy therapies could effectively inhibit the corneal allograft rejection. Ipsilateral lymphadenectomy is a less complex surgical procedure and is just as effective in preventing rejection.

In order to further investigate the mechanisms of action of berberine (Ber), we assessed the effects of Ber on the mRNA expression of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) in rat corpus cavernosum. After incubation with Ber for 1 or 3 h respectively, the levels of NOS mRNA were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Our results showed that there were iNOS and eNOS mRNA expressions in rat corpus cavernosum. Ber enhanced eNOS mRNA expression in rat penis, but exhibited no effect on the expression of iNOS mRNA (P＞0.05). The present study indicated that the relaxation of Ber involved the NO-cGMP signal thansduction pathway. The enhancing effect of Ber on eNOS mRNA expression might associated with its relaxation of corpus cavernosum.