Objective:To investigate the factors influencing mortality within one year following hip fracture surgery in elderly patients.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 1 263 elderly patients with hip fractures who underwent surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University between January 2014 and December 2022.Based on their survival status one-year post-surgery, the patients were categorized into two groups: the death group(212 cases)and the survival group(1 051 cases).Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were employed to identify factors associated with 1-year mortality.Results:The 1-year mortality rate was found to be 16.78%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified several significant predictors of 1-year mortality in elderly patients with hip fractures.These predictors include gender( OR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.48-0.95), age greater than 85 years( OR=2.23, 95% CI: 1.56-3.19), body mass index(BMI)less than 18.5( OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.17-2.60), BMI between 30 and 40( OR=3.14, 95% CI: 1.20-8.21), history of stroke( OR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.06-2.38), presence of anemia( OR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.07-2.86), fibrinogen(FIB)levels either below 1.8 or above 3.5( OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.12-2.37), deep vein thrombosis( OR=1.57, 95% CI: 1.13-2.18), and American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ( OR=2.37, 95% CI: 1.56-3.59). Conclusions:In elderly patients with hip fractures, age over 85 years, a BMI less than 18.5 or between 30 and 40, the presence of stroke, anemia, FIB levels below 1.8 or above 3.5, deep vein thrombosis(DVT), and ASA classifications Ⅲ or Ⅳ are identified as independent risk factors for 1-year mortality.Conversely, being female serves as a protective factor.