To assess relationships between xanthine oxidase (XOD) and nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (NIBV) infection, 240 growing layers (35 days old) were randomly divided into two groups (infected and control) of 120 chickens each. Each chicken in the control and infected group was intranasally inoculated with 0.2 mL sterile physiological saline and virus, respectively, after which serum antioxidant parameters and renal XOD mRNA expression in growing layers were evaluated at 8, 15 and 22 days post-inoculation (dpi). The results showed that serum glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities in the infected group were significantly lower than in the control group at 8 and 15 dpi (p < 0.01), while serum malondialdehyde concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.01). The serum uric acid was significantly higher than that of the control group at 15 dpi (p < 0.01). In addition, the kidney mRNA transcript level and serum activity of XOD in the infected group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 8, 15 and 22 dpi (p < 0.05). The results indicated that NIBV infection could cause the increases of renal XOD gene transcription and serum XOD activity, leading to hyperuricemia and reduction of antioxidants in the body.
Antioxidants ; Chickens ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Hyperuricemia ; Infectious bronchitis virus* ; Kidney ; Malondialdehyde ; RNA, Messenger* ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Uric Acid ; Xanthine Oxidase* ; Xanthine*

Objective: To validate the prognostic value of chronic lymphocytic leukemia-international prognostic index (CLL-IPI) for Chinese CLL patients. Methods: Two hundred and fifteen CLL patients who were initially diagnosed and treated in Jiangsu Province Hospital from January 2002 to November 2017 were included in the retrospective analysis. Risk stratification and prognosis were evaluated by CLL-IPI scoring system. Results: ①Of the 215 patients, 143 were males and 72 were females, with a median age of 60 (16-85) years old. The median treatment-free survival (TFS) and overall survival (OS) was 16 months (4-24 months) and 180 months (145-215 months), respectively. ② The median TFS for low (n=60), intermediate (n=50), high (n=45) and very high risk group (n=60) according to the CLL-IPI scoring system was 56, 15, 12 and 5 months, respectively (P<0.001). ③ The median follow-up was 48 months (1-192 months). The median OS for low risk group was not reached and for intermediate, high, and very high risk group was 180, 89 and 74 months, respectively. The estimated 5-year OS rate was 97.6%, 83.7%, 67.8% and 55.2%, respectively (P<0.001). ④ Multivariate analysis indicated that unmutated immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IGHV) gene and β₂-microglobulin>3.5 mg/L(P<0.001) were independent prognostic factors of TFS, while TP53 deletion and/or mutation(P=0.008), unmutated IGHV (P=0.017) and age>65 years(P=0.045) were independent prognostic factors of OS. Conclusion CLL-IPI is the powerful tool for risk stratification in Chinese CLL patients.

OBJECTIVETo identify factors that predictive of quality of life after microsurgical removal of petroclival meningiomas.

METHODSA consecutive series of 71 cases of petroclival meningiomas received microsurgical removal between July 1991 and April 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Quality of life was measured using Karnofsky performance scale (KPS). Complete pre-operative, post-operative and follow-up data were obtained from all 71 patients including 18 male and 53 female patients with the mean age of (47 ± 11) years (aging from 15 to 68 years). The duration between onset of symptoms and diagnosis ranged from 1 week to 180 months with the mean duration of (32 ± 30) months. And the tumor size was 15-72 mm with the average of (44 ± 11) mm. Main presentations included headache, unsteady gait, hemiparesis, dysphagia, hoarseness, facial numbness or pain, Bell's palsy, hearing impairment etc. The preoperative KPS was 40-100 with the average of 69 ± 11. The retrosigmoid (-transtentorial) approach was performed in most cases (91.5%). Intergroup χ² test and logistic regression analysis were conducted for prognostic factor characterization.

RESULTSThe gross total resection (all were Simpson gradeII) reached in 48 cases (67.6%) and 1 case died postoperatively. The main new neurological dysfunctions were cranial nerve paralysis and hemiplegia with the postoperative KPS of 20-100 with the average of 73 ± 16.Sixty-four cases were followed for 4-132 months with the average of (61 ± 48) months. Seven patients died during follow-up, tumor recurrence and progression were identified in 6 and 8 cases, respectively. The KPS at the last visit ranged from 50 to 100 with the average of 83 ± 13. The extent of tumor resection (OR = 0.280, 95% CI: 0.081-0.967, P = 0.044), preoperative brainstem edema (OR = 0.100, 95% CI: 0.027-0.372, P = 0.001), relationships between tumor and neurovascular structures (OR = 0.288, 95% CI: 0.084-0.985, P = 0.047) and depth of invasion into cavernous sinus (OR = 0.254, 95% CI: 0.061-1.057, P = 0.048) had significant correlations with the prognostic quality of life.

CONCLUSIONSWith regard of the choice of surgical approaches, the extent of tumor resection, the protection of neurovascular structures surrounding the tumor and the management of perioperative period, the therapeutic strategies for each patient should be customized to achieve better prognosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Microsurgery ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective: To investigate the relationship between dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake and blood lipid, C-reactive protein (CRP) and homocysteine (Hcy) in patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke or TIA were enrolled consecutively from Nanjing Stroke Registry Program. The total dietary PUFA intake level was assessed by the food semi-quantitative frequency questionnaire. Venous blood samples were collected in the morning of the day after admission to the hospital to detect the levels of serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Hcy, and CRP. According to the median level of total PUFA intake, the patients were divided into low PUFA group and high PUFA group. The relationship between PUFA intake and blood lipid, CRP and Hcy was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the independent correlation. Results: A total of 170 patients (85.1%) with acute ischemic stroke and 31 patients with TIA (14.9%) were enrolled. Their age was 62.9±14.1 years, 143 were males (71.1%), and the median PUFA daily intake was 12.8 g (interquartile range: 8.05-17.5 g). Compared with the high PUFA group (n=100), patients in the low PUFA group (n=101) were older, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were lower, and CRP and Hcy levels were higher. The above differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that total dietary PUFA intake was significantly negatively correlated with the serum CRP (r=-0.24, P=0.001) and Hcy (r=-0.17, P=0.013) levels, and there was no significant correlation with the blood lipid levels. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that CRP was significantly negatively correlated with PUFA intake after adjusting for confounding factors (B=-0.28, P=0.012). Conclusions Dietary PUFA intake in patients with acute ischemic stroke or TIA may affect blood metabolism index and oxidative stress index. It is necessary to adjust the dietary structure of patients with low PUFA intake to reduce the risk of stroke recurrence.