In order to investigate the relationship between the extent of tumor invasion and the tu-mor size,axillary lymph nodes metastasis,Her-2 gene overexpression,and histologic grading in breast invasive ductal carcinoma as well as the optimal extent of excision during the breast-serving surgery,the clinical data of 104 patients with breast invasive ductal carcinoma who had received modified radical mastectomy were analyzed.The correlation analysis on invasive extent,which was evaluated by serial sections at an interval of 0.5 cm from 4 different directions taking the focus as the centre,and the tumor size,axillary lymph nodes metastasis,Her-2 gene overexpression,and his-tologic grading was processed.There was a significant correlation between invasive extent and tumor size (r=0.766,P<0.01),and lymph nodes metastases (r=0.574,P<0.01),but there was no significant correlation between invasive extent and Her-2 expression (r=0.106,P>0.05),and histologic grading (r=0.228,P>0.05).The 100% negative rate of infiltration in patients without nipple discharge with tumor size <2,2-3 and >3 cm was obtained at 1.5,2.0 and 2.5 cm away from the tumor respectively.It is concluded that the performance of breast-serving surgery in patients with breast invasive ductal carcinoma should be evaluated by tumor size in combination with axillary lymph nodes involvement to decide the possibility of breast-serving and the secure excision extent.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical features of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), and to improve its early diagnosis and treatment.

METHODSRetrospective analysis of 160 cases of adult LCH from pathology department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University and Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 1992 to December 2013 were performed, and their clinical features were analyzed.

RESULTSOf 160 cases, there were 110 male and 50 female, the male to female ratio was 2.2:1. The mean age was 35(18-73) years. There were total 222 lesion sites, including 172(77.5%) osteal lesions, followed by 13(5.8%) lymph nodes and 8(3.6%) oral cavity lesions. The other involved organs were skin(5, 2.2%), liver(5, 2.2%), fossa orbitalis(4, 1.8%), lungs(4, 1.8%), sternoclavicular joint(3, 1.4%), gastrointestinal(2, 0.9%), ear(2, 0.9%), and thyroid (2, 0.9%), adrenal gland (1, 0.5%) and sublingual gland (1, 0.5%). Of 160 cases, 150 (93.8%) had one organ involved while 10 (6.2%) had two or more organs involved. Clinically, 77 cases (48.1%) were misdiagnosed as bone tumors (28 cases, including giant cell tumor, fibrous dysplasia, chondroblastoma, osteoblastoma and osteosarcoma), bone tuberculosis (13 cases), meningioma(9 cases), bone cysts (5 cases), chronic osteomyelitis (5 cases) and diabetes insipidus (5 cases) , skin (4 cases) diseases malignant lymphoma (4 cases), chronic skin ulcers (4 cases), chronic otitis media (1 case), lung (1 case) and oral cancer (1 case).

CONCLUSIONIn this group of the adult cases, the ratio of the male patients is higher. Adult LCH occurs predominantly in bone and presents mainly as unisystem single-focal disease, but multi-organ lesion and skin involvement are lower than that reported in the literatures. Just as LCH in children, adult LCH is also easy to be misdiagnosed. We should raise awareness of the disease and pathological examination is helpful for early diagnosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; Humans ; Liver ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Thyroid Gland ; Young Adult