Objective To analyze the trends of malaria incidence from 2001 to 2005 in Yunnan Province. Method Malaria data in 2001-2005 were collected and statistically analyzed by using Microsoft excel 2003 and ArcView GIS 3.3 software. Results Among 63 562 malaria cases reported in the 5 years from 129 counties of 16 prefecture in the province, the average annual malaria incidence was 3.049/10 000 with an increase of 4.67% than the previous 5 years (?2=63.15, P

Objective To investigate the efficacy of botulinum toxin type A injection with ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) for the treatment of post-stroke lower limb spasticity.Methods One hundred and three stroke patients with lower limb spasticity were randomly divided into control group,observation group and treatment group.The patients in control group were given routine treatment,those in observation group were given botulinum toxin type A injection in addition to routine treatment,and those in treatment group were treated with AFO on the basis of the interventions of observation group.Before treatment and at 1,3 and 6 months after treatment,clinic spasticity index (CSI) and Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA),Berg balance scale (BBS) and functional independence measure (FIM) were used to evaluate the efficacy of all groups.Results When compare the assessment results at 1 month after treatment with those before treatment,statistically significant difference in terms of scores of CSI,FMA and FIM were revealed in treatment group and observation group (P ＜ 0.05),but not in the control group (P ＞ 0.05).Within-group comparison with the results at 1 month after treatment,the scores of CSI at 3 and 6 months increased in control group and observation group,while decreased in treatment group(P ＜ 0.05),although the scores of FMA and FIM increased in all groups and the increase was statistically significant only in treatment group(P ＜ 0.05).Between-group comparison of the scores in CSI,FMA and FIM showed no significant difference between the observation and control groups(P ＞ 0.05).It was shown that the scores of BBS at 1,3,and 6 months improved continuously in all groups(P ＜0.05),the improvements in treatment group were significantly greater than that of observation group and control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin type A injection with AFO could further improve lower limb muscle spasticity,and enhance motor,balance and activities of daily life for stroke patients.

Objective To observe the effects of low frequency electrostimulation(LFES)on sleep disorder of patients after acute cerebral infarction(ACI)as evaluated by using polysomnography,and on the recovery of neurological deficits. Methods Seventy cases of acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into two groups,a treatment group and a control group.Both groups were treated with routine drugs, and the treatment group was also treated with LFES in addition.The changes of neurological deficits(ND) scores and such parameters of polysomnography as sleep latency(SL),total sleep time (TST),sleep efficiency(SE%),sleep maintenance(SMT),rapid eye movement sleep(REM),REM latency(RL),REM time(RT),REM activity(RA),REM density(RD).stage 1 sleep(S1),stage 2 sleep(S2)and deep sleep (S3+4) were observed.Results It was shown that,after treatment,both groups got significant improvement in terms of the ND scores and all the polysomnography parameters except RA,S1 and S2,(P<0.01),and the treatment group improved to a significantly greater extend when compared with the control group (P<0.01).Conclusion It is concluded that LFES could promote recovery of neural function and sleep disorder of ACI patients.

BACKGROUND: Pathological change of synovium in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has the characteristic of tumor-like growth, it appears thickening of the synovium tissue and the formatiom of pannus, which generate periarticular erosion and destruction. Multiplicate cell factors and growth factors participate in the development course of tumor-like lesion of synovium, and the tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)play important roles in the development of RA and the formation of pannus.OBJECTIVE: To observe the contents of plasma TNF-α of collagen-induced arthritis and the expression change of VEGF of synovium at different time point, and investigate the effect and correlation of TNF-α and VEGF in the pathogenesis of RA.DESIGN: Randomized grouping experiment taking animals as subjects.SETTING: Institute integrated traditional and western medicine of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.MATERIALS: The experiment was finished from July to November 2003 in the laboratory of institute integrated traditional and western medicine.Forty SD rats aged 45-50 days were selected, the rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (n=10) and collagen-induced arthritis model group(n=30).METHODS: 10 mg Cattle collagen type Ⅱ and 5 ml full Freund adjuvant were grinded together, 100 μL of which were intradermally injected at the root of tails of rats, collagen-induced arthritis model of rats were re-immunized with the above-mentioned methòd and dosage after 21 days. The accumulated points of arthritis index was evaluated based on degree and extent of flare and the condition of tumefaction and deformation, the higher the accumulated points of arthritis index were, the more serious the arthritis symptom was. The blood was obtained by decapitation after 25 days in normal control group, and in the collagen-induced arthritis model group the blood was obtained by decapitation 25,30,35,40,45 days after immunization (model establishing), the contents of plasma TNF-α of collagen-induced arthritis rats at different time point was detected by radio-immune assay, the level of expression of VEGF in synovium tissue were detected with immunohistochemical method simultaneously, the correlation of invasion time and the neovascularization of synovium. The accumulated points of arthritis index . TNF-α and VEGF was observed. The correlation of TNF-α and VEGF was analyzed with the linear correlation analysis, the correlation of the accumulated points of arthritis index and TNF-α. VEGF was analyzed with the rank correlation analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The correlation of invasion time of collagen-induced arthritis with the accumulated points of arthritis index, with the plasma content of TNF-α and the expression of VEGF, the correlation analysis of the plasma content of TNF-α of collagen- induced arthritis rats with the expression of VEGF in synovium.RESULTS: Forty rats attended the experiment, all of them entered the final analysis. the neovascularization of synovium was increased, synovium was thickening, the accumulated points of arthritis index was gradually increased, and the contents of TNF-α and level of VEGF were increased accordingly with the process of the invasion time of the collagen-induced arthritis rats; Its accumulated points of arthritis index had the positive correlation with the level of expression of VEGF (r=0.535 ,P ＜ 0.05)and had the correlated increasing tendency with the contents of TNF-α, but there was no significant difference(r=0.371 ,P ＞ 0.05 ). the plasma contents of TNF-α had the positive correlation with the level of expressions of VEGF (r=0.893,P ＜ 0.01 ).CONCLUSION: The TNF-α and VEGF have an important effect on the inflammatory reaction of RA and Cytokine network of neovascularization of synovium, they are possibly mutually influenced and promoted and have the effect of mediating the malignant network circulation; They are the key factors among multiplicate ones which mediate the generation and development of RA, bone erosion and Mutilation.

In this article,stereologic method was applied in analyzing 17 morphological parametera of cell, nucleus and nucleolus in 20 cases of mid stage and late stage of the simple carcinoma of breast (the stylebooks of EM photos were 320). We analyzed the difference of each sort of cell with T test and Q test. Compared with the normal cells, the cancer cells of mid stage were found obviously not only decreased in their nucleus surface density Svn and nucleus contrast surface density Sn but also increased in their nucleus average section An and nucleus average perimeter Bn. Compared with the cancer cells of the mid stage the cancer cell of the late stage were found obviously increased in their nucleus average volume Vn and Bn. Compared with the normal cells, the cancer cells of the late stage were found obviously not only decreased in their Svn and Sn but also increased in their Vn, An, Bn and nucleolus average perimeter Bu.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of local injection of botulinum toxin A ( BTX-A ) combined with infrared polarized light for patients with chronic migraine ( CM ). Methods Ninety-one patients with CM were randomly divided into 4 groups.Group A served as the control group in which Nimodipine was used to treat CM ( n =22 ) ; in group B infrared polarized light was used to irradiate the area of the CM for 50 to 60 d ( n =22 ) ; in group C subcutaneous injections of BTX-A were used ( n =24 ) ; and in group D infrared polarized light irradiation of the affected area was combined with subcutaneous injections of BTX-A ( n =23 ).The onset of headaches,their severity,quality of life,as well as side effects were recorded using the migraine disability assessment scale (MIDAS) and the short form of the medical outcomes study form (MOS-SF).The results obtained before and after 6 months of treatment were compared. Results Both of MIDAS and MOS-SF assessment showed significant differences before treatment and after 1,3 and 6 months of treatment in all groups.After 1,3 and 6 months of treatment,the MIDSA and MOS-SF results revealed statistically significant differences between groups A and D,as well as between groups B and C. Conclusion BTX-A injection combined with infrared polarized light exerts significant therapeutic effects on CM with few side effects.

Objective To evaluate the safety and clinical effects of radiofrequency single catheter ablation (RESCA)for right ventrieular arrhythmia(RVA).Method A total of 111 patients data in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College from May 2003 to May 2008,were retrospectively analyzed aged(45.2±16.7)years old including 41 men and 70 women,consisted of 13 patients of ventricular tachycardia(VT)and 98 patients of premature ventricular contractions(PVC).There were 104 casess from right ventricular outflow tract arrhythmia(RVOTA)and 7 cases from right ventricular inflow tract arrhythmia(RVITA).According to use single catheter approach or common technique,electrophysiolo-gical study,pacing and/or activation mapping and Catheter ablation were performed,were separated into two groups.①Single catheter group:27 men and 49 women,ages(44.5±16.9)years old;consisted of 62 patients of RVOT-PVC,9 patients of RVOT-VT and 5 patients of RVIT-PVC.②Control group:14 men and 21 women,ages(46.7±16.5)years old;consisted of 29 patients of RVOR-PVC,4 patients of RVOT-VT and 2 patients of RVIT-PVC.Results Operations in two groups came off smoothly and no ablation related complications in two groups.Procedure time and fluoroscopy time[(55.23±26.24)min and(9.93±5.32)min]in single catheter group were significantly shorter than those in control group [(68.37±21.83)min and(12.96±4.54)min,t=2.76 and 3.09,all P<0.01].Cost in the fromer (12440.32±761.24)RMB were significantly less than those in the latter[(22119.51±1071.07)RMB,t=46.09,P<0.01].Ablated successful rate in the near future,at a specified future date and other parameter were similar in two groups.Conclusions Right ventricular arrhythmia can be ablated with single catheter approach in safety,efficacious,easy to operate and lower cost.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the infection of leptospirosa of host animals and the immune level of healthy population in flood areas. METHODS: Korth culture was used to culture leptospira for rodent kidney and oxen urine sample. The serogroups of leptospira and leptospira antibody were tested by microscopic agglutination test (MAT). RESULTS: In flood regions, draw-near-flood region, and new migration region, rodent density was 6.95%, 6.28%, and 8.67%, respectively. The positive rates of rodent with leptospira was 4.63%, 1.35%, and 3.13%, respectively. Leptospira positive rates of oxen urine were 5.88%, 5.98%, and 1.75%, respectively. The main serogroup of leptospira was Icterhamorrhagic and Canicola serogroup. The positive rates of leptospirosa antibody in healthy population was 45.91%, 62.30%, and 58.67%in these 3 regions respectively, which was significantly higher than the average level in China. The dominant serogroups of leptospira in health population were icterhamorrhagic, autumnalis, canicola, pomona and bataviae. The positive rate of antibody had no difference among different age groups. CONCLUSION The main host animals are rodents and oxen infected with leptospira and the positive rate of leptospira antibody is high in healthy population in the study area. The dominant serogroups in host animals are similar to that in healthy population, which is mostly icterhaemorrhagic.
Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; blood ; urine ; Cattle ; China ; epidemiology ; Disasters ; Floods ; Humans ; Leptospira interrogans ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Leptospirosis ; epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Rats ; Seroepidemiologic Studies

Objective: To detect gene mutations in a pedigree with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS) . Methods: Clinical data were collected from two patients (an older sister and a younger brother) and their family members in a Chinese pedigree of Han nationality with RTS. Blood samples were obtained from the two patients, their unaffected older brother, their parents and 100 unrelated healthy controls. DNA was extracted, and all the exons in the encoding area of the RECQL4 gene were amplified by PCR. Gene mutations were detected by a skin-targeted next-generation sequencing panel, and verified by Sanger sequencing. Results: Two heterozygous mutations were identified in the RECQL4 gene of the two patients, including a splice site mutation c.2886-1G>A and an insertion mutation c.1013_1014insC, which were inherited from the father and mother of the patients respectively. Meanwhile, neither of the two mutations was observed in 100 unrelated healthy controls or the older brother of the patients. Conclusion The splice site mutation c.2886-1G>A and the insertion mutation c.1013_1014insC in the RECQL4 gene may contribute to the clinical phenotype of the patients in this pedigree with RTS.