Regional microenviroment hypoxia is a common feature in inflammation and malignancy. Cells are able to trigger an adaptive response to hypoxia conditions that result in hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF)overexpression. Based on a brief description of the structure and functions of HIF, this article discusses the relationship between inflammation, tumor and HIF.

[Objective] To search a suitable preoperative intestinal cleansing method for the operation of colon and rectum. [Methods] A randomized controlled trial was applied in 70 cases before colic and rectal operations. Group A was give:n decoction of Folium Cassiae for oral use and saline enema and Group B was treated with saline enema only. The effect on intestinal cleansing was observed during the operation. [Results] In Group A, 26 cases were remarkably effective in intestinal cleansing, 8 effective, and 1 ineffective and 14, 16 and 5 in Group B respectively ( P

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effects of individualized repair and reconstruction surgery for multiple ligament injury and dislocation of knee joint based on stage classification diagnosis. METHODS: From January 2018 to January 2019, 42 patients with multiple ligament injury and dislocation of the knee joint were treated. There were 27 males and 15 females, aged from 30 to 63 (47.35±11.90) years old, including 17 left knees, 23 right knees and 2 bilateral knees. All patients with multiple ligament injuries and dislocations of the knee joint were classified by stages and improved Schenck diagnosis. Among them, 23 cases were in acute stage (≤3 weeks), 19 cases were in old stage (>3 weeks), 27 cases were type Ⅲ dislocation and type Ⅳ dislocation. There were 9 cases of dislocation and 6 cases of type Ⅵ dislocation. The corresponding repair methods such as closed manipulation and open release reduction, direct suture of ligament, anchor suture, bone penetrating suture, and routine ligament reconstruction were performed. The corresponding "progressive progressive excitation" rehabilitation program was adopted after the operation. After 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks and 3, 6, 9, 12 months after operation, the outpatient consultation and evaluation of knee joint function and stability were completed. The knee joint stability, excellent and good rate, disability rate and complication rate were compared before and after operation. Internation Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) grade, IKDC subjective score, Lysholm score and Tegner score were used to evaluate knee joint function. RESULTS: All patients completed the outpatient follow-up and follow-up on schedule. All patients had gradeⅠwound healing, 4 patients had lower extremity venous thrombosis after operation, and there were no serious complications after anticoagulant treatment; 5 patients with common peroneal nerve injury were treated with release surgery and active postoperative rehabilitation, and neurological function gradually recovered. At 12 months after operation, the muscle strength of the affected limb reached grade Ⅴ and the active and passive range of motion recovered to more than 120 degrees. In the acute stage, the IKDC subjective scores were 20.46±12.61, 22.58±16.83, 0.71±1.14, 69.55±16.57, 77.73±15.14 and 3.14±1.67, respectively. One year after operation, IKDC subjective score was 67.04±19.07, Lysholm was 74.87±14.58, Tegner was 3.06±1.70, and 6 of them were grade A. After 12 months, the knee function scores of all patients were significantly improved compared with those before operation( CONCLUSION According to the classification of multiple ligament injuries and dislocations of the knee joint, the corresponding surgical repair and reconstructiontreatment were adopted, and the corresponding rehabilitation program was adopted after the operation. The patients achieved good clinical treatment effect 12 months after operation, and the patients' satisfaction was high, which improved the excellent and good rate of treatment and reduced the disability rate.
Adult ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament/surgery* ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/surgery* ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Dislocation/surgery* ; Knee Joint/surgery* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament/surgery* ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of matrine on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rat model and to explore its mechanisms.

METHODSModel rats of UUO were established and randomly divided into 6 groups: the normal group, the sham group, the UUO model group, the fusinopril treated group (F group), the high dose and low dose matrine treated groups (HM and LM). The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-3 ( MMP-3), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), fibronectin (FN), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) were determined semi-quantitatively by immunohistochemistry on the 14th day.

RESULTSThe expression of MMP-3 in the UUO model rats was significantly lowed on the 14th day, compared with that in rats not modeled in the normal and the sham groups (P < 0.05), but it was higher in the three treated groups than that in the UUO model group (P < 0.05); the expressions of TIMP-1, FN, CTGF and alpha-SMA were lower in the normal group and sham UUO group than those in all the UUO model groups, while they were lower obviously in the three treated groups than those in the UUO model group (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference in the above-mentioned indexes between HM group and F group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMatrine could decrease the expressions of TIMP-1, FN, CTGF and alpha-SMA in the tubulointerstitium, and partly restore the expression of MMP-3, so as to delay the progression of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis.

Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Fibronectins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Fibrosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Kidney Tubules ; pathology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Phytotherapy ; Quinolizines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Ureteral Obstruction ; complications

ObjectiveTo understand the pathological and physiological roles of Presenilin 1 (PS1) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) recurrence, and the interaction between PSI and carhoxyl terminus of Hsc70 interacting protein (CHIP). MethodsThe yeast two-hybrid system was applied to identify a novel PS1 interacting protein as CHIP. After pGBKT7-PS1-C203 bait plasmid and full fragement CHIP of pACT2-CHIP expression vector were constructed, the interaction between PSI and CHIP was tested by β-galactosidase assay, pGBKT7-PS1-C203 was co-transfected with pACT2-CHIP into 293T cells and the interaction between PS1 and CHIP was tested by co-immunoprecipitation and Western blot. ResultsSpecificity of the interaction between PS1 and CHIP was identified by β-galactosidase assay and co- immunoprecipitation. ConclusionsCHIP is able to modulate chaperone functions and the pathway of protein ubiquitination/degradation. CHIP may regulate a proper assembly of the γ-secretase complex through its interaction with PSI, which is helpful to elucidate the mechanism of AD pathology.

OBJECTIVETo determine butylidenephthalide in Ligusticum Chuanxiong with RP-HPLC.

METHODThe sample was extracted with methanol using sonication. The ESTD was used to quantify butylidenephthalide. HPLC separation was carried out in a Hypersil ODS columm (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 microm) , eluted at 1 mL x min(-1) with methanol-5% isopropyl alcohol (60: 40) at 25 degrees C. The detection wavelength was 230 nm.

RESULTThe linear range was 0.07-0.7 microg for butylidenephthalide. The average recovery was 95.3%, and RSD was 2.3% (n =6).

CONCLUSIONThis method was simple and could be used to determine butylidenephthalide with satisfactory accuracy and reproducibility.

China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Light ; Ligusticum ; chemistry ; Phthalic Anhydrides ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Scattering, Radiation

OBJECTIVETo observe and compare the effects and adverse events of the three phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors sildenafil, vardenafil and tadalafil used in the same period for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED).

METHODSA total of 311 ED patients were treated with the three PDE-5 inhibitors in the same period, 134 with sildenafil, 109 with vardenafil and 88 with tadalafil, and followed up for 2-11 months. Their effects were compared.

RESULTSSildenafil produced satisfactory effect in 72 patients (79.12%), vardenafil in 63 (81.81%) and tadalafil in 52 (78.78%), respectively. And the efficacy rates of sildenafil, vardenafil and tadalafil in the treatment of ED with premature ejaculation were 55.56%, 44.44% and 42.3%, respectively. Our study also showed that the young and the newly married preferred vardenafil, the middle-aged chose tadalafil and the older and long-term users tend to take sildenafil. The main reasons for discontinuing the use of the three inhibitors were their high price, incomplete effect and the patients' worry about their adverse action.

CONCLUSIONThe three PDE-5 inhibitors can produce basically similar effects on ED, all with safety and few mild adverse events.

Adult ; Erectile Dysfunction ; drug therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors ; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence and associated factors of suicide attempt in middle school students.

METHODSFive middle schools in Chengdu were randomly sampled in the study. A total of 1393 students between the ages of 11 and 18 finished a self-administered questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List (ASLEC) and Egma Minnen av Bardodosnauppforstran (EMBU). Everyone who had suicide attempts was interviewed. Data were analysed by SPSS 8.0 (statistical package for the social science) program on computer.

RESULTSThirty-six (2.6%) of the 1 393 students has the history of attempted suicide and the ratio of boys and girls was 1:2. Among the suicide attempters, 33.3% had recurrent events. The most common reason of suicide attempts in middle school stage was family conflicts (34.4%) with most common event as taking overdose tranquilizers or poisoning (50.0%). Risk factors of suicide attempt seemed to include hallucination, cigarette smoking, being bullied by peers, wanting to change sex, parents' remarriage, being female, father's refusal, being neglected in childhood and experiencing more events in the previous year. Protecting factor was found to have been family warmness.

CONCLUSIONSuicide attempts were not uncommonly seen in middle school students. Clinicians and teaching staff should identify the risk factors and carry out intervention as early as possible.

Adolescent ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Sampling Studies ; Sex Factors ; Students ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data ; Suicide, Attempted ; prevention & control ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population

OBJECTIVEThis study investigated the life style and health status of preterm and term infants' mothers in order to explore the risk factors for preterm delivery.

METHODSA total of 600 matched cases, including 120 pairs of preterm infants and their mothers and 180 pairs of term infants and their mothers were recruited. All of the mothers participated in a questionnaire survey on life style and health status during or before pregnancy. General data of the infants were also collected. Logistics regression analysis was used for evaluating the risk factors for preterm delivery.

RESULTSThe height, body weights and body mass index before pregnancy in preterm infants' mothers were significantly lower than those in term infants' mothers (p<0.05). The birth height and weights and Apgar scores in preterm infants were significantly lower than those in term infants (p<0.05). The whole nutritional Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) scores in preterm infants' mothers were significantly lower than those in term infants' mothers (P<0.05). Multiple factor regression analysis showed that recurrent abortions before gestation (OR=2.332, P<0.05) and premature rupture of membrane before delivery (OR=7.979, P<0.01) were risk factors for preterm delivery, while maternal nutritional KAP scores (OR=0.949, P<0.01) and body weights before pregnancy (OR=0.954, P<0.05) were protective factors.

CONCLUSIONSThe women with low body weight, low nutritional KAP scores or recurrent abortions history before pregnancy or presenting premature rupture of membrane before delivery are at high risk for preterm delivery.

Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture ; etiology ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Status ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Life Style ; Logistic Models ; Pregnancy ; Premature Birth ; etiology

Objective:To explore the mechanism of B10 cell involved in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy following myocarditis, and to develop potential therapeutic strategies.Methods:BALB/c mice infected with Coxsackie virus B3 induced viral myocarditis model. The expression of angiotensin (ANG)Ⅱ and its receptor in myocarditis mice was detected. The changes of B10 cells in the hearts of control mice and myocarditis mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. After losartan was administered to myocarditis mice, the degree of myocardial inflammation was detected by HE staining, the expression of inflammatory factors was detected by ELISA, the myocardial hypertrophy was detected by wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining, and the changes of B10 cells in the heart were analyzed by flow cytometry. The levels of cardiac troponin T (C-TNT) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes treated with ANGⅡ and ANGⅡ+ IL-10 were detected. Cardiomyocytes were treated with ANGⅡ, ANGⅡ+ B10 cells, ANGⅡ+ B10 cells + IL-10 receptor antibody and ANGⅡ+ B cells to detect C-TNT protein levels, and Annexin-V/PI was used to detect the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes were treated with oxidized HMGB1, reduced HMGB1 and disulfide HMGB1, and C-TNT expression was detected.Results:Coxsackievirus B3 infection caused cardiac hypertrophy, high expression of ANGⅡ and its receptor, and transient increase of B10 cells in mice. Losartan treatment blocked the angiotensin receptor, reduced expansion of B10 cells. B10 cells alleviated apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and inhibited the production of HMGB1 induced by ANGⅡ patch by producing IL-10, thus alleviating viral myocarditis and cardiac hypertrophy.Conclusions:B10 cells may play an important role in myocardial protection in myocarditis.