Objective:To design an intelligent system of leak detection for AK200Shemodialysis machine so as to fast troubleshoot the range of leaked point for helpingengineer. Methods: The likely leaked part of flow paths of hemodialysis were simplified basedon routine detection experiment and the statistical record and data of faults. And then, testmode of pressure when hemodailysis implemented self-inspection for leakage was imitated. There was a air pumpwas connected with aimed flow paths, and the positive and negative pressure generated by controlling an externalair pump and the connected magnetic valve were applied at different time and different section, respectively. Afterincreased pressure, depended on the comparison of intra pressures from pressure sensors for one part of pipelinebetween pre- and post of one spell to analyze and decide whether this section exist leak. And the judgment standardwas if the difference of pressure was less than 5mmHg, there was not leak in this flow path, otherwise, the likely leakpoint should be troubleshot in further detection. Results: 183 detections were implemented at AK200S/AK200USwhich once happened alarm of leakage. And in the 183 detections, the detection system for leakage has found theranges of leaked point in 171 detection. The distribution of leaked points was: 73 times were from filter to DRVAsection, 19 times were from DRVA section to DIVA section, 79 times were from DIVA section to champ of flexiblepipe at terminal of EVVA. On the other hand, in the leaked points, 162 points were at seal ring, 1 point was at filmof valve, 8 points were at connector, and the success rate of detection for leaked fault was more than 90%. Besides,the success rate of detection for leakage on flow paths of prepare troubleshooting under normal temperature was100%. Conclusion: The detection system of self-dependant development for leakage can help engineer to save timeof troubleshooting for leaked point and enhance the work efficiency.

Objective To develop a control program running on the magnetic induction escape decompression control timer. Methods The software was developed by VHDL in a modular style under the environment of Quartus II. Results The control software stores decompression profile and accurately controls the commitment of the decompression process. Conclusion The program can work accurately according to the profile selected and meet our needs perfectly.

AIM: To investigate the multidrug resistance(MDR),reversal activity of 2-[4-(2-pyridin-2-yl-vinyl) henyl]-4,5-bis-(4-N,N-diethylaminophenyl)-1(H)-imidazole(FG020318) in a retinoblastoma subline SO-Rb50/VCR,which is resistant to vincristine.METHODS: The procedure of stepwise increase in drug concentrations was used to obtain SO-Rb50/VCR,which was resistant to 200 ?g/L vincristine. The chemosensitivity of this drug resistant cell line with and without FG020318 or cyclosporine A(CSA) were detected by MTT assay and the function of p-glycoprotein(P-gp) was examined by rhodamine 123 accumulation detected with flow cytometry(FCM).RESULTS: FG020318(2.5 ?mol/L) significantly reduced IC50 and increased the rhodamine accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner. It was much stronger than the positive control CSA in reversal of MDR.CONCLUSION: A new tumor MDR modulator FG020318 partly reverses MDR in SO-Rb50/VCR.It may be a promising new drug to tackling MDR.

Objective To evaluate color Doppler ultrasonography(CDU) in the diagnosis of intraocular tumor. Methods Two hundred seventy-three cases(301 eye) of intraocular space-occupying lesions were examinated by high-resolution CDU to observe the two-dimensional gray-scale image and vasculature of intraocular tumors. Results Intratumor calcifying spot could be detected in 138 cases(149 eye) of 153 cases(178 eye) with retinoblastoma,and intratumor blood flow with branchy pattern could be found in 152(177 eye) of 153 cases(178 eye) with retinoblastoma. In 4 Coats disease and 2 persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous and 3 retinopathy of prematurity, intratumor calcifying spot couldn′t be detected,and the band blood flow of the detached retinal vessels could be detected. Intratumor blood flow with branchy pattern could be detected in all 66 choroidal melanomas and 4 melanomas of ciliary body with infiltrated choroid and 15 of 19 choroidal metastases. Intratumor blood flow with “simulating vessel pool” or conglomerate sparkled pattern could be found in 12 choroidal hemangioma. No intrinsic flow was detected in 8 choroidal hemorrhages or subretinal hemorrhages and 2 teratoid medulloepitheliomas. Conclusions CDU is of significance in the diagnosis and differention of intraocular tumors.

Objective To analyze the effects of community-based intervention on improving early detection of individuals with high risk nasopharyngeal carcinoma and to explore the interventional mechanism of prevention and treatment in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Total of 139 344 residents of the Second Chinese Medicine Hospi-tal of Guangdong Province Hospital Community were detected per year.Individuals with high risk nasopharyngeal car-cinoma or nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were divided into intervention group(69 616 cases) and control group (69 728 cases) according to the random number table.The two groups were given conventional treatment (radiothera-py,chemotherapy and surgery treatment) after diagnosed.The intervention group was interfered with long -term prevention,health care,medical care,rehabilitation,health education and psychological intervention by full-time phy-sician,while the control group was only treated by general education intervention.The awareness of early symptoms and the risk factor of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were analyzed.Additionally,the behavior,knowledge and attitude on nasopharyngeal carcinoma were detected before and after the intervention.Results Community-based intervention significantly improved the rate of early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma high-risk individuals ( 75.31% vs. 44.37%,χ2 =5.32,P<0.01) .The awareness rates of major symptoms and the damage of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were 89.34%and 91.78%in the intervention group.In the control group,the rates were 42.17%and 28.47%.The differences of the two groups were significant(P<0.05).Additionally,the awareness of diagnosis standard and good habits were improved significantly in the intervention group compared with the control group(P<0.01).Our results showed that intervention changed the attitude and understanding of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and improved the quality of life of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Conclusion Intervention increased the early diagnostic rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and promoted the quality of life of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the effect of gradient heat stress on phagocytosis of hepatic Kupffer cells (KCs) in vitro in rats. Methods Rat Kupffer cells were isolated in vitro and the temperature for gradient heat stress was set at 37, 39, 41 and 43℃. After thermal stimulation, cell injury was detected by PI and Hochest33342 staining. CCK-8 assay was used to investigate difference in cellular proliferation rate over 24h between the groups. Flow cytometry was used to investigate the influence of heat stress on the phagocytosis of KCs. Results Compared to the normal control group, cells in each heat stress group exhibited varying degrees of damage, especially cells in 43℃ group. The ratio of damage cells increased with the increase of heat stress severity (P<0.05). Proliferation assay indicated that the proliferation rate of cells in each heat stress group was significantly decreased in comparison with normal control group 6h after heat stress (P<0.05). After 12h recovery, decrease in proliferation rate was observed only in 43℃ group (P<0.001), and no difference in the rate of proliferation could be observed between the heat stress groups and normal control group after 24h recovery. Flow cytometry showed, that the phagocytosis of KCs decreased in heat stress groups compared with control group, especially in 43℃ group (P<0.05). This phenomenon disappeared after 24h recovery. Conclusion Heat stress can inhibit the phagocytosis of rat liver KCs through its cytotoxic effect on KCs, and subsequently inhibits its proliferative ability. Further investigation of the effect of heat stress on KCs may help understand the pathogenesis of heat stress.

Objective To prepare mouse model with heat stress and determine its pathological changes of the lung and brain during heat stress. Methods BALB/c mouse were randomly (random number) divided into two groups, control group and heat stress group. The animals in the control group were sham- heated at a temperature of ( 25 ± 0.5) ℃ and humidity of (35 ± 5 ) %. The animals of heat stress group were placed in a prewarmed incubator maintained at (35.5 ± 0.5) ℃ and relative humidity of (60 ± 5) %. Rectal temperature (Tc) was monitored, and when Tc respectively reached 39 ℃, 40 ℃ , 41 ℃ and 42 ℃, those study animals were killed. The other animals were removed from the incubator and allowed to cool at an ambient temperature of (25 ±0. 5)℃ and humidity of (35 ±5)% , respectirvely for 12 and 24 hrs when Tc reached 41 ℃ , and for 6 hrs when Tc reached 42 ℃. The lung and brain of all the animals were isolated. Hematoxylin and eosin stain and light microscope were used to detect their pathological changes. Results All the animals displayed uniform response to the heat stress. Low degree of heat stress could induced obviously pathological changes of the lung, progressively greater damage to lung with further congestion of lung matrix, asystematic hemorrhage of alveolar space, abscission of alveolar epithelial cell and disappear of pulmonary alveolus tissue structure were detected with the rise of Tc to 42 ℃. However, absorption of congestion and hemorrhage and recovery of pulmonary alveolus tissue structure could also be seen with cooling at ambient temperature. With low degree of heat stress, the brain only showed moderate edema. Neuronal denaturation and necrosis were detected when Tc reached to 42 ℃. Interestingly, the lesions of brain further aggravated even through cooling treatment after Tc reached to 42 ℃ , but recovery could been observed after cooling treatment followed with Tc of 41 ℃. Conclusions The pathological changes of the lung and brain showed distinctive lesions to heat stress and cooling treatment, and these changes were correlated with the timing and time of cooling treatment, which provide the experimental basis to further study the mechanisms between the heatstroke and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).

Objective To analyze the gene expression of pathogenic factors in vaginal secretions of patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis by using Oligo chips. Methods RNA was extracted from vaginal secretions of 10 patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis and 3 asymptomatic carriers, and hybridized with oligonuscreened followed by a bioinformatic analysis. Results Comparing with the asymptomatic carriers, the patients showed a higher expression of 44 genes and lower expression of 17 genes. Of these differentially expressed (TLR) 4, HWP1, SAP2, SAP5, LIP4, EFG1 and CPH1 were highly expressed in more than 80% of the secretion samples from patients with an average ratio of 4.013, while LIP6 and WH11 were lowly expressed in more IFN-γ and TLR4 were associated with native immunity, HWP1 associated with hyphal adhesion and formation, SAP2, SAP5, LIP4 and LIP6 associated with extracellular hydrolysis, and EFG1, CPH1 and WH11 associated with phenotypic switching. Conclusions Both the host adaptive immunity deficiency and increased virulence of Candida species are involved in the pathogenesis of vulvovaginal candidiasis, and TLR4 possibly plays a certain role in the local immunity of patients with this entity.

Objective To investigate the correlation of serum total bile acid (TBA) levels with the inflammation grades of liver tissue in chronic liver diseases.Methods Cyclophorase assay was used to detect the serum TBA levels in 172 patients with various chronic liver diseases,and the inflammation grades of liver tissue were determined by liver biopsy.The correlation between serum TBA levels and the inflammation grades of liver tissue was evaluated using SPSS 12.0 software.Results Serum TBA level was positively correlated with the inflammation grade of liver tissue ( r =0.275,P ＜ 0.01 ).The inflammation grade reached G2 when serum TBA was 20 μmol/L.Conclusion Serum TBA level may be useful for evaluating the inflammation grade of liver tissue in chronic liver diseases.

Objective To study the change of the contractile response of human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) during the heat stress, and explore the effect of the antioxidant on the changes. Methods HUASMCs were randomly divided into control group, heat stress group, antioxidant preprocessing group. Cells were stimulated by norepinephrine (NE) at a low concentration (0.05mg/L) and at a normal concentration (1.0mg/L) and cultured in the thermostatic water bath (41℃) for 0.5, 1, 1.5 or 2h, respectively. After stimulated by NE, proportion of the cell surface area contraction was measured to reflect the contractile response of each group. Results Compared with control group, regardless of the NE concentration: in heat stress group, contractile response at 1h increased significantly (P<0.05), while at 2h, it was reduced significantly (P<0.05 or 0.01). In the antioxidant preprocessing group, the contractile response was reduced significantly from heat stress to 2h after heat stress (P<0.05 or 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in contractile response between different NE concentrations in the control group and heat stress group (P>0.05), but in the antioxidant preprocessing group, the contractile response was more significant to the normal NE concentration than to the low NE concentration (P<0.05 or 0.01). Regardless of the NE concentration, the contractile response was lower in the antioxidant preprocessing group than in the heat stress group. Conclusions In the course of heat stress, the contractile response of HUASMCs presents as time-related change. The usage of antioxidant may correct the over-response of HUASMCs to NE in the early heat stress stage, but cannot correct the reduction of the contractile response in the middle and advanced stage.