Graduate students'mental health is becoming an important program in the fields of medicine,education and psychology in our country.The author studies the recent articles and writes this article to explain the standard,content,measurement and the intervention of the graduate student's psychology health,so as to improve the graduate student's psychology health level.

Objective To investigate the posterior condylar angle(PCA) of distal femur in normal adult, and provide reasonable referenced parameters of the rotational alignment for the total knee arthroplasty in Chinese. Methods This study concluded 118 volunteers(186 knees) in Suwan area (67 males 103 knees, and 51 females 83 knees), whose knees were healthy, without any malformation. The average age was 39.7 years(range, 18-69 years). All subjects were divided into three groups according to the ages: group A, 18-39 years (85 knees); group B, 40-59 years(73 knees); group C, more than 60 years(28 knees). The CT scan was employed to the mechanical axis which was perpendicular to the knee joint in the distal femur. The PCA was measured from the CT film across lateral and medial femoral epicondyle. The factorial design was used to compare the data among three groups. Results First, in the 103 knees of male, 57 in left side and 46 in right side. The PCA were 5.9??1.6? in left side, 5.6??2.6? in right side(mean, 5.8??2.2?). Then in the 83 knees of female, 38 in left side and 45 in right side, the PCA was 5.5??2.5? in left side, 5.2??1.5? in right side(mean, 5.3??1.9?). And the PCA was 5.5??1.9? in group A, 5.7??1.8? in group B, 5.5??2.7? in group C, respectively, and there is no statistical significant difference in either gender or side and age. Conclusion The normal adult PCA of distal femur is 5.6??2.1? in Suwan area, without difference in gender, which is beyond the Westerns obviously. So in the total knee arthroplasty of Chinese, the malalignment will likely occur if the rotational alignment is performed according to Western style, the eversion 3? to the posterior condylar line in distal femur.

Objective To summarize the experience of the prevention and treatment on bronchopleural fistula (BF) complicated after pneumonectomy.Methods Clinical analysis of 22 cases of BF was retrospectively performed.Results The total incidence was 1.12%.The incidence of BF after total pneumonectomy was 1.7%,which was higher than that after pulmonary lobectomy (1.0%).The average time for the BF to occur was 13.8 days postoperatively.4 cases received operation again befroe healing occurred and 5 cases ended up in death (22.7%).Conclusion The key factors in preventing BF mainly lie in the suture techniques of bronchial residual stumps as well as the relevant factors influencing the healing.

Objective To analyze MR imaging findings of avascular necrosis of the femoral head(ANFH)with low-field MR unit.Methods MRI appearances of 35 cases of ANFH confirmed by clinical or pathology were analysed.Results There were 56 hips with "line sign" in 35 cases(58 hips)including "single line sign" in 18 femoral heads and "double line sign" in 38,and there were 2 hips without "line sign".Twenty-six femoral heads had marrow edema.According to Mitchell's grade:there were 15 hips in A grade,21 hips in B grade,13 hips in C grade and 9 hips in D Grade.Conclusion Low-feild MR imaging is of significant value in diagnosing ANFH early.

Objection To explore the oxidative damage of respiratory system in rats exposed to carbon nanotubes(CNTs) . Methods Twelve Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups(the treated group and the control group) and exposed to CNTs through intratracheal instillation at the dose of 22.5 mg/kg(calculated with CNTs) once a day for 15 days,then the rats were sacrificed,the biochemicaly indexes in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BLAF) were measured. Results The results showed that CNTs could cause decrease of body weight gain,even after three days of stoping exposure to CNTs. Compared with the control group,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) in serum and BLAF of exposed rats decreased,the level of malondialdehyde(MDA) in serum and BLAF increased significantly. Conclusion CNTs exposure can induce the decrease of the antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage of respiratory system in rats.

Objective To investigate the toxic effect of lung and mechanism induced by silver nanoparticles(Nano-Ag),zinc oxide nanoparticles(Nano-ZnO)and titanium dioxide nanoparticles(Nano-TiO2) on rats.Methods Forty-two Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups randomly,including the control group,low(3.5 mg/kg) and high(17.5 mg/kg) dose groups of three nanomaterials.The rats were exposed by intratracheal instillation once two days for 5 weeks,and then killed by abdominal aorta bloodletting.The pathological examinations of rat lungs were performed,malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),reduced glutathione(GSH),nitrogen oxide(NO),interleukin-1(IL-1),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) and macrophage inflammatory protein(MIP-2) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were detected.Results The results of histopathological analysis indicated that the fibrous tubercle,pulmonary alveoli destruction and the matrix inflammation of lung tissue appeared in the exposure groups.The activities of SOD in three kinds of nanoparticles groups(except for Nano-TiO2 subgroup) significantly decreased(P

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of low-field MR imaging in lumbar disc degeneration with end-plate osteochondritis. Methods Imaging data of 504 patients with lumbar disc degeneration diagnosed by MRI were retrospectively analyzed. Among these cases, the total of 330 end-plate osteochondritis in 148 patients was found. According to MR signal findings of end-plate and it's adjacent vertebra, the lesions were classified as 4 types. Results 330 end-plates were involved in 148 patients,including type I in 68(20.6%),type II in 53(16.1%),type III in 174(52.7%) and type IV in 35(10.6%).Among all 148 patients,the end-plates at one lumbar disc,two disci and over three disci involved in 98(66.2%),42(28.4%) and 8(5.4%),respectively.The lesions were usually found in the lower lumbar vertebra.Conclusion MR imaging could accurately show the end-plate osteochondritis and degenerative lumbar disc.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare xuelian freeze-dry sterile injection powder and to establish a quality control for this drug.METHODS:The best formulation and preparation technique of the powder for injection was optimized by screening the variety and quantity of vehicle;the contents,which were determined by UV,together with the finger print were taken as the main index to study the quality.The stability was observed through long test.RESULTS:Take the40%mannitol as excipient;The mean recovery results was99.4%(RSD=0.90%);The freeze-dry sterile injection powder could be reflection the finger print character of extract fluid better than injection.The preparation was stable after12months storage at room tempera-ture.CONCLUSION:The formulation is reasonable,the preparation technique is feasible and the quality is controllable.

Objective To summarize the experience of clinical diagnosis and treatment for recurrence and progress of relieved myastbenia gravis after thymectomy. Methods 22 recurrent and progressive after relieved pa-tients with myasthenia gravis who underwent thymectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The remission therapy was conducted with combined glucocorticoid and anticholinesterase and its effectiveness was estimated. Results It was 1,17,4 as better Osserman scale Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ respectively before operation but 15,6,1 as better Osserman scale Ⅱ , Ⅲ, Ⅳ respectively in recurrence and progress of relieved myasthenia gravis after thymectomy besides 6 with myas-thenic crisis. Complete remission and partial remission were gained in 9 patients and 12 patients respectively. There was 1 hospital-death. Conclusions Recurrence and progress can occur in any patient of relieved myasthenia gravis after thymectomy. Bulbar myasthenia gravis is usually presented as dysphagia. Reasonable administration of glucocor-tieoid could improve majority of recurrence and progress of relieved myasthenia gravis after thymectomy but responses poorly to the anticholinesterases.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of integrated pharmaceutical intervention on medication compliance, risk factors control, and 6 months and 2 years prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease(CAD) after first percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in china. METHODS: 200 cases of patients diagnosed with CAD and underwent PCI successfully firstly in Zhoupu hospital during January 2015 to December were enrolled. The control group was given routine treatment and nursing care; pharmacist intervention group, on this basis, was given pharmaceutical intervention by pharmacists, including optimizing medication program, formulating pharmaceutical care plan, medication education, health education and regular pharmacists outpatient follow-up. The two groups were followed up for two years. Comparison of the Readmission(Readm) rate, incidence rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), Readm expenses, awareness rate of commonly used two-grade preventive drugs for CAD, medication compliance and emotion management after 6 months and two years in the two groups. The control of risk factors in the two groups after 2 years were compared. RESULTS: After six months, the Readm rate, the incidence of MACEs and Readm expenses in pharmacist intervention group were lower than those in the control group, and the medication compliance was slightly higher than the control group (94.9% vs 87.4%); two years later, the standard rate of risk factors in pharmacist intervention group was significantly better than the control group(smoking3.1% vs. 12.6%, P=0.012; blood glucose standard rate79.6% vs. 62.1%, P=0.007; blood pressure standard rate74.5% vs. 53.7%, P=0.003; blood lipid standard rate84.7% vs. 57.9%, P<0.001); and the Readm rate, the incidence of MACEs and the cost of Readm were significantly lower than those of the control group after six months and two years. CONCLUSION: Pharmacists′ active pharmaceutical intervention on patients after PCI can effectively improve the medication compliance of the patients, reduce the postoperative risk factors and the incidence of MACEs, reduce medical expenses, improve the clinical prognosis, which were more significant when the follow-up time was longer.