[Objective]To study the mid-term outcomes about cementless total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of patients with alcoholic osteonecrosis of the femoral head.[Method]From March 1997 to June 2002,41patients(47 hips) was treatmented by cementless total hip arthroplasty,the mid-term (equal to or more than 5 years) results were evaluated both clinically and radiographically.Clinical outcomes were evaluated according to Harris evaluation score. Components migration,bone changes around the implant were measured radiologically. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to evaluate the surviving rate of the femoral and acetabulum components. End point was radiographical loosening or revision of the acetabular and femoral component for any reason.[Result]Forty-seven hips in 41 patients were followed up at least 5 years. The mean Harris hip score increased from preoperation(42.4?6.4)points to (91.8?4.4) points at the time of final follow up. No component was loose,No component was revised. The focal area of pelvic osteolysis in 2 hips and small focal area of femoral osteolysis in 6 hips were found. The surviving rate of the femoral and acetabulum components,was 1.0(95% confidence interval,0.98 to 1.00).[Conclusion]The mid-term outcomes about cementless total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of patients with alcoholic necrosis of femoral head had been satisfactory. Because the wear of component,osteolysis can not be avoided,clinical and radiographical follow-up for cementless total hip arthroplasty must be carried out persistently.

Objective To study the methods treating talar neck fractures. Methods From Oc-tober 1988 to June 2004, 66 patients with talar neck fractures were treated with different methods. Accord-ing to modified Hawkins classification, there were 14 patients with type Ⅰ fractures treated with plaster exter-nal fixation, 34 with type Ⅱ treated with manipulative reduction plus plaster external fixation, 16 with type Ⅲ treated with open reduction and internal fixation or joint fusion and 2 with type Ⅳ treated with open re-duction and internal fixation or joint fusion. There were four patients with old fractures. Results All pa-tients were followed up for mean 6.28 years and clinical outcomes evaluated according to Hawkins scoring system, which showed that 19 patients (29%) were graded excellent (including 13 type Ⅰ fractures, 5 type Ⅰ and 1 type Ⅲ), 17 good (including 1 type Ⅰ fracture, 12 type Ⅱ and 4 type Ⅲ), 18 fair (including 11 type Ⅱ fractures, 6 type Ⅲ and 1 type Ⅳ) and 12 poor (including 6 type Ⅱ, 5 type Ⅲ and 1 type Ⅳ). There occurred osteonecresis in 25 patients (38%), traumatic arthritis of ankle joint in 20 (30%) and that of subtalar joint in 26 (39%). Conclusions For type Ⅰ and Ⅱ fractures, plaster external fixation should be the choice of treatment. While open reduction and internal fixation should be done for type Ⅲ talar neck fractures and joint fusion for type Ⅳ and old fractures.

Objective To study the relationship between self-esteem and childhood abuse, life events among male violent adolescent. Methods According to the modified overt aggression scale, juvenile delinquents were divided into violent group (n = 128 )and nonviolent group (n = 118 ). All the participants were investigated by Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-28 Item Short Form (CTQ-SF) and Adolescent SelfRating Life Events (ASLEC) and conducted correlation and regression analysis. Results ①Violent group had lower self-esteem scores ( 22.73 ± 3.30 ) than the nonviolent group ( 23.81 ± 3.30, P ＜ 0.05 ). Violent group had higher scores in physical abuse, sexual abuse, total life events, interpersonal relationship, punishment, and other (8.30 ±4.07, 7.23 ±2.26, 54.48 ±18.60, 10.09 ±3.84, 14.43 ±5.87, 4.93 ±3.15, 9.93 ±3.64), compared to the nonviolent group (7.27 ± 3.27, 6.60 ± 2.09, 45.40 ± 18.45, 8.42 ± 4.13, 11.07 ± 5.75, 3.66 ±2.81, 7.84 ±3.66, P＜0. 05). ②The self-esteem was significantly negative correlated with the childhood abuse and life events( r= -0. 143 ～ -0. 358, P＜ 0.01 ) among violent male adolescents. ③The physical abuse and punishment had significant prediction function of 15.6% on self-esteem. Conclusions Violent adolescents have low self-esteem, which is closely related to childhood abuse and adolescent life events.

Objective To explore the relationship between the rs3785143 polymorphism of norepinephrine transporter gene,and investigate the influence of interaction effect between NET gene polymorphism and childhood abuse in adolescents with violent behavior.Methods Adolescent male offenders were divided into violent group (124 samples) and nonviolent group (120 samples).The rs3785143 polymorphisms of NET gene were measured by used SNaPshot SNP technology in 244 samples.Chi-square test was used to compare the distribution difference between three groups of each gene type and the allele frequency distribution.Results ①There was no statistically significant difference among violent group and nonviolent group in the genotype and allele frequencies of rs3785143 polymorphism (x2=0.753,0.022; all P＞0.05).②64.5％ violent adolescents have experience of childhood abuse,and 35.5％ had no history of abuse ;48.3％ nonviolent adolescents have experience of childhood abuse,and 51.7％ had no history of abuse(x2=6.50,P＜0.05).③There was not significant interaction between NET gene polymorphism and childhood abuse((OR=0.386,P＞0.05) 95％ CI (0.457-4.739)).Conclusions The NET gene polymorphism is not associated with violent behavior in male adolescents,and there was not interaction between NET gene polymorphism and childhood abuse.

Objective To explore the relationship between coping styles and childhood abuse in adult patients with depression . Methods A case‐control study was conducted between 80 adult patients with depression and 80 health controls .In general ques‐tionnaire was designed to collect the demo‐graphic information ,Childhood Trauma Questionnaire‐28 Item Short Form (CTQ‐SF) was used to assess childhood trauma and Trait Coping Styles Questionnaire (TCSQ) was assigned to evaluate coping styles .T test , Mann‐Whitney U test ,Spearman Bivariate correlations and Multiple linear regression were employed to explore the characteristics of the major depressive patients′coping styles and the association between childhood abuse .Results (1) The patients with depres‐sion had both statistically significantly higher scores on negative coping style (t=9 .13 ,P<0 .01) and lower scores on positive cop‐ing style (t= -12 .01 ,P<0 .01)than the controls with childhood abuse .The patients with childhood abuse had both statistically significantly higher scores on negative coping style(Z= -6 .134 ,P<0 .01) and lower scores on positive coping style(Z= -5 .452 , P<0 .01) than the controls with childhood abuse .Inside the group of patients with depression ,the patients who had childhood a‐buse gained significantly higher scores in negative coping style than the others who had no early trauma (Z= -2 .159 ,P<0 .05) , however ,no conspicuous differences were found on the positive coping style scores .(2)The childhood abuse was both significantly positive correlated with the passive coping and negative related to the active coping (r=0 .562 ,P<0 .01;r= -0 .333 ,P<0 .05)a‐mong the patients of depression .(3)The total degree of abuse and physical abuse had significant prediction function of 34 .4% (P<0 .01)on the patients′ negative coping .Conclusion The coping styles of patients with depression were prone to be influenced by childhood abuse remarkably ,more severe abuse ,especially with the physical abuse ,more negative the coping styles were .

Objective To investigate the role of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Smad2/3 and Smad7 expressions in carotid artery remodeling in renovascular hypertensive rats, and also the therapeutic effect of Enalapril and Amlodipine. Methods The renovascular hypertensive rat (RHR) models with two-kidney and one-clip were established, including model group (n = 6), sham-operated group (n = 6), Enalapril group (10 mg/kg per day, n = 6), Amlodipine group (5 mg/kg per day, n = 6) and combination group (Amlodipine 2.5 mg/kg per day + Enalapril 5mg/kg per day, n = 6). The medication were continuous administrated for six weeks. Carotid artery morphological and structural changes in the media were observed by HE staining, Masson staining and immuno histochemical staining. Media thickness (MT), MT and lumen diameter ratio (MT/LD), and the expression levels of media α-smooth muscle actin (α-actin), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), TGF-β1, phosphorylated Smad2/3 (p-Smad2/3) and Smad7 in carotid arteries were measured. Results The media of carotid arteries in RHR model group was significantly thickened, the volume of smooth muscle cell was increased, and the array was in disorder; MT, MT/LD, the proliferation index of smooth muscle cell and collagen fiber area percentage of carotid arteries in the model group were significantly higher than those in the sham-operated group (P < 0.01). Compared to sham-operated group, the model group had significantly higher expressions of TGF-β1 and p-Smad2/3 (P < 0.05) and lower Smad7 expression. Both Enalapril and Amlodipine improved smooth muscle hypertrophy and collagen deposition, reduced RHR carotid MT, MT/LD, proliferation index of smooth muscle cell, collagen fiber area percentage and the expressions of TGF-β1 and p-Smad2/3 (P < 0.05), increased Smad7 expression (P < 0.05). Moreover, the combination treatment of Enalapril and Amlodipine had significantly better effects than single Amlodipine group (P < 0.05), but not single Enalapril group. Conclusions TGF-β1/Smads pathway may participate in the mechanism of carotid artery remodeling in RHR; the role of Amlodipine and Enalapril in inversing carotid artery remodeling may be related to the change of TGF-β1/Smads pathway, the combination treatment of Amlodipine and Enalapril had better effects than single administration of Amlodipine.

Objective To study the protective effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on radiationinduced hematopoietic damage in mice.Methods A total of sixty male C57 mice were irradiated by 60Co γ-rays to induce hematopoietic injuries,and then the mice were randomly divided into PTH and control group.The PTH-treated group was treated with PTH ( 80 μg· kg- 1 · d - 1 ) intraperitoneally everyday.The control group was given equivalent volume saline.Peripheral blood cell number,bone marrow mononuclear cell number,granulocyte-macrophage colony forming units ( CFU-GM ) and CD34 positive cells in bone marrow were detected.Results With the whole post-irradiation period,the WBC and bone marrow mononuclear cell numbers in PTH-treated mice were significantly higher than those in saline-treated mice (t=6.32,9.19,11.18,7.44 and 4.42,P ＜ 0.05).The RBC numbers in PTH-treated mice were significantly higher than those in control mice at 10 d,15 d and 20 d post-irradiation (t =6.48,3.66 and 4.98,P ＜0.05 ).The PLT numbers in PTH-treated mice were significantly higher than those in control group at 5 and 30 d post-irradiation ( t =2.57 and 3.10,P ＜ 0.05 ).PTH increased CD34 positive cell and CFU-GM numbers in bone marrow after irradiation ( t =16.12,7.82 and 20.00,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions PTH could improve the hematopoietic recovery after irradiation.

Objective To explore the relationship between the rs1611115 and rs739398 polymorphism of dopamine-β-hydroxy-lase genes and violent behavior in adolescents .Methods Adolescent male offenders were divided into violent group (107 samples) and nonviolent group (107 samples) .Besides ,107 male adolescents in vocational school were served as normal controls .The rs1611115 and rs739398 polymorphisms of DβH gene were measured by used SNaPshot SNP technology in 321 samples .Chi-square test was used to compare the distribution difference between three groups of each gene type and the allele frequency distribution . Results There was statistically significant difference among violent group ,nonviolent group and normal control group in the geno-type and allele frequencies of DβH gene rs1611115 polymorphism(P<0 .05) ,but there was no statistically significant difference be-tween violent group and nonviolent group(P>0 .05) .There was no statistically significant difference among violent group ,nonvio-lent group and normal control group in the genotype and allele frequencies of rs739398 polymorphism(P>0 .05) .Conclusion No association was found between the rs739398 polymorphism of DβH gene and adolescents with violent behavior .But the rs1611115 polymorphism of DβH gene was related to adolescent criminals with violent and nonviolent behavior .

Abstract: Objective　To genotype and analyze whole genomic features of Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) isolated in Tianjin, to improve evolution information of CVB3 virus in Tianjin, and to provide basis for surveillance and early warning of related diseases. Methods　Viral RNA was extracted from five CVB3 strains isolated in Tianjin, whole genome sequence of the virus was amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced by next-generation sequencing method, and phylogenetic and recombinant analysis were carried out. Results　The open reading frame 1(ORF) of the five CVB3 strains contained 6 555 nucleotides and encoded 2 185 amino acids, and ORF2 was composed of sequences encoding 68 amino acids. The nucleotide sequence similarity ranged from 78.3%-100%, and the amino acid sequence similarity ranged from 95.7%-100%. Compared with the CVB3 prototype strain, the nucleotide sequence similarity of the five viruses was between 78.2%-79.1%, and the similarity of amino acid sequences was 94.9%-95.3%. All five viruses exhibited a T151A mutation on the VP2 protein. Additionally, the encephalitis isolate showed a K158E mutation on the VP2 protein, while one of the sewage isolates had a C234T mutation in 5' noncoding region. The five strains belonged to two different genotypes, among which the encephalitis isolate in 2016 belonged to the D genotype, while the sewage isolates in 2021 belonged to the E genotype. This is also the first report of E genotype CVB3 in northern China. The CVB3 strain may have recombinant events in non-structural protein regions, in which encephalitis isolate may recombine with a Coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) strain, while sewage isolates may have recombinant events with a strain of ECHO virus 18 (E18). Conclusions　The CVB3 isolates in Tianjin belong to D and E genotypes, and recombination events may exist in non-structural protein region of the viral genome. The results of CVB3 virus genome analysis in sewage suggests presence of CVB3 infection in the population of Tianjin, and its epidemic dominant genotype may have changed.

ObjectiveTo explore the status of social anxiety and study the relationship between social anxiety and self-consciousness,self-esteem among primary students.MethodsUsing stratified randomization sampling method,568 primary students in grade 4 ～ 6 were investigated with social anxiety scale for children( SASC ),self-consciousness scale for children(PHCSS) and self-esteem scale(SES).Results①The score of SASC in the group of primary students was obviously higher than that of Chinese norm (P＜0.01).②The SASC and negative evaluation scores in the female were higher than the male (P ＜ 0.05 ),the negative evaluation scores in the sixth grade (3.22 ± 2.82) was higher than the fifth grade (2.53 ± 2.76,P ＜ 0.01 ) and fourth grade ( 2.54 ± 2.68,P＜ 0.05 ).The primary students in migrant workers elementary school,the single parent family and the relatively low income family had higher social anxiety scores than others(P＜0.05 ).③The SASC and two major factors were significantly negative correlated with the self-consciousness and each subscale( r =-0.202 ～ -0.511,P ＜ 0.01 ),and positive correlated with the self-esteem( r =0.282,0.270,0.305,P ＜ 0.01 ).④)The anxiety and gregariousness had significant prediction function of 25.5％ on negative evaluation,and 28.2％ on SASC,anxiety,gregariousness,intelligence and school situation had significant prediction function of 20.4％ on social avoidance and distress.ConclusionsPrimary students in grade 4 ～ 6 existed social anxiety.There are significant differences for their level of anxiety in different gender,grade,elementary school,family structure,monthly income.And social anxiety is closely related to self-consciousness and self-esteem.