The application of multimedia technology in the teaching of TCM Features Science has intuitive, figurative, scientific and interactive advantages, which makes the teaching course simple and easy to operate, and enables a knowledge-point described from multi-channel, multi-angle and multi-dimension. Thus the students can analyze a question from many respects, deepen their understanding ability, realize the optimization of the teaching process, and improve the effectiveness of the teaching results.

Objective To improve the diagnostic level of uncommon hepatic malignancy in 5 cases with different histopathological nature by analyzing their CT features. Methods CT scan was performed in 5 cases with pathologically proved uncommon malignancy of the liver including hepatic sarcoma ( n =3) and primary carcinoid tumor ( n =2). Results These uncommon malignancies of the liver had a variety of presentations. Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma presented as a single huge cyst mixing with solid mass. Hepatic angiosarcoma demonstrated as multiple well defined hypoattenuation lesions without cirrhosis. Necrosis, cystic degeneration, and hemorrhage may be accompanied. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma displayed as a single large hypoattenuation lesion within hyperdense septations, and most of the tumor was in the right lobe. Immunohistochemistry had the diagnostic value. The CT features of carcinoid tumor were single or multiple, unilocular or multilocular mixed dense masses. The solid portion of the masses enhanced obviously and carcinoid syndrome may highly suggest the diagnosis. Conclusion The forementioned 5 cases of hepatic malignancy are seldomly seen clinically. Each of them with different pathologic nature has different CT findings, and sometimes with some similar signs. Typical CT findings, coupled with clinical information may lead to a correct diagnosis.

Objective　To investigate the level of cell adhesion molecule sialyl-LeX expression in colorectal carcinoma and its relation with carcinogenesis, differentiation, metastasis and prognosis. Methods　Sialyl-LeX expression and its optical density in colorectal carcinoma (n=90) and remote normal mucosa (n=30) were quantitatively studied with microwave-LSAB immunohistochemical method combined with image analysis technique. Fifty-three patients were followed up. Results　 The weaker staining in remote normal colorectal mucosa was observed in very limited parts of some deep crypts. Positive rate of sialyl-LeX expression was only 16.7%(5/30). The positive expression of sialyl-LeX was observed in 83 of 90 patients with colorectal carcinoma(92.2%). The apical cytoplasma of cancer tubules, the luminal contents, and the cytoplasma of the cancer cells were strongly stained. The mean integral optical density of sialyl-LeX positive cell in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that in highly differentiated and mucinous ones (P<0.01). It was markedly higher in patients with positive lymphatic nodes than that in negative ones (P<0.01). With followed-up for longer than 5 years, it was much lower in the alive cases than that in the dead (P<0.01). Conclusion　These findings indicate that changes of sialyl-LeX expression and its optical density is related to carcinogenesis, differentiation, invasion and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. It may be a good predicter for the prognosis of patients with colorectal carcinoma.

This study was conducted to study the expressions of sialyl Lewis X and P16 protein in colorectal carcinoma and their relationship with differentiation, metastasis and prognosis of colo rectal carcinoma. Sialyl Lewis X and P16 expressions were determined with microwave-LSAB immunohistochemical technique. The positive rates of sialyl Lewis X and P16 were 92.2% and 42.2% respectively. The increased expression of sialyl Lewis X and the weakened expression of P16 were significantly correlated with metastatic proclivity and poor prognosis of the malignancy. These findings indicated that combined examination of the expression of sialyl Lewis X and P16 might be useful in estimating the differentiation, infitrtion, metastasis of colo-rectal carcinoma and prognosis of the patients.\;

Objective To investigate the expression and distribution of sialyl Lewis X in colorectal carcinoma and its relationship with carcinogenesis, progression and metastatic proclivity.Methods Microwave LSAB immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of sialyl Lewis X in colorectal carcinoma and in normal mucosa. Immunoelectromicroscopic localization of sialyl Lewis X labelled by colloidal gold was also observed.Results The positive rate of sialyl Lewis X expression in primary colorectal cancer was 92 2%(83/90), and 16 7%(5/30) in normal mucosa. The positive rate was 100% in patients with lymphatic nodes metastasis, compared with that of negative nodes of 82 1% ( P

Objective To investigate the level of cell adhesion molecules LeX , sialyl-LeX, LeA and sialyl-LeA expression in colorectal carcinoma and its relation with carcinogenesis, differentiation, metastasis and prognosis.Methods The expression forms of LeX,sialyl-LeX,LeA and sialyl-LeA were studied by immunohistochemistry method with catalysis signal amplification (CSA)in 90 carcinomas and 30 normal mucosal specimens of colon and rectum, as well as in 51 metastatic lymph nodes.Fifty-three patients were followed up. Results Their antigens were expressed in normal mucosa distant from carcinoma lesions with the following frequencies: LeX, 93 3% (28/30); sialyl-LeX, 16 7% (5/30); LeA, 93 3% (28/30); and sialyl-LeA, 90 0% (27/30), whereas in colorectal carcinomas, the expression frequency rate were: LeX, 90 0% (81/90); sialyl-LeX, 94 4% (85/90); LeA, 78 9% (71/90); and sialyl-LeA, 80 0%(72/90). In metastatic lesion of lymphode LeX, sialyl-LeX, LeA and sialyl-LeA were expressed in 68 7% (35/51),96 1% (49/51),66 7% (34/51) and 66 7% (34/51), respectively.Conclusions The alteration of Lewis-related carbohydrate antigens in cancer cell membranes, including sialylation and/or aberrant glycosylation,these alteration may be related to metastatic behavior. These results suggested that sialyl-LeX may be used for estimating infiltration, metastasis and prognosis as a tumor-associated antigen in colorectal carcinoma.

Objective To study the molecular pathway of osteoblastic differentiation induced by substance P (SP), a neurotransmitter. Methods Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured, and treated with SP or its receptor (NK1) antagonist to induce osteoblastic cell differentiation, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase activity was determined; Osterix gene expression was detected by RT-PCR after 1-2 weeks for three times. The data of each culture condition were analyzed using SPSS12.0 statistical software to determine whether the differences between conditions were significant. Results After 4-5 days' culture, bone marrow stromal cells became spindle-shaped, triangular or polygonic. They covered the plate surface, formed extensive cell sheets in each group after 11-12 days of culture, and then induced differentiation to osteoblast. SP up-regulated the important transcription factor Osterix gene expression significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion The up-regulation of Osterix gene expression by SP may stimulate osteoblastic cell differentiation. SP's regulation depends on its receptor NK1.

Objective Choroidal neovascularization(CNV) is the main cause of blindness in over 50-years-old population. To establish an available CNV animal model is helpful for us to understand the pathogenesis and management of CNV. Purpose of present study was to observe the role of coagulation with different power of diode laser in laser-induced choroidal neovascularization model of Brown Norway (BN) rats. Methods Coagulation of 810 nm diode laser(8 - 10 spots for each eye) was performed in 36 male BN rats with the spot diameter 75 μm, shutter time 0. 1 s, power 120 mW, 140 mW and 160 mW, respectively, while 6 normal BN rats were used as contrast. CNV was evaluated by fundus examination, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), indocyanine green angiography(ICGA) and light microscope on day 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56 after photocoagulation. Results CNV formed on the 7th day after photocoagulation in 120 mW, 140 mW and 160 mW groups and reached the peak on the 21st day according to FFA and ICGA manifestation. Incidence of CNV in 120 mW, 140 mW and 160 mW group was 51. 3%, 91. 8%, 88. 3% on FFA findings and 51.3%, 92.7%, 93.7% on ICGA findings, respectively. In 7 days after photocoagulation, inflammatory cells increased and CNV formed at the lesion. Photocoagulation plaque became thicker with pigment cells proliferating and migrating on 14 days. After that time, inflammatory cells decreased and more collagen fibers emerged. The CNV reminded till the 56th day after photocoagulation. Conclusion CNV model of BN rats can be successfully created using the different power of diode laser (from 120 through 160 mW). CNV rate under the laser coagulation with 140 mW is higher, indicating that the power of 140 mW may be a suitable parameter for diode laser-induced choroidal neovascularization model of BN rats.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of ultrasound in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of uterine arteriovenous fistula (UAF).MethodsUltrasound results of 12 patients with UAF were analyzed retrospectively,and were compared with uterine artery angiography.ResultsUAF showed uneven echo signals of uterine muscle wall near endometrium or cesarean section incision and irregular echo-free zone on ultrasonographies,the typical case of which displayed “honeycomblike” change.Color Doppler ultrasound showed rich blood flow in local area and lake-like or multicolored mosaic change.Spectral Doppler waveform shape was characterized as high-speed low resistance.The ultrasonographic results of UAF were consistent with those of uterine artery angiography.ConclusionUltrasonography combined with uterine artery angiography contributes to the diagnosis of UAF.

Objective To observe ultrasonographic features and the value of ultrasonography in diagnosing duodenal bulb ulcer combined with perforation.Methods The ultrasonographic features of duodenal bulb ulcer combined with perforation were studied retrospectively in 25 patients.The detection rate of duodenal bulb ulcer,peritoneal cavity free air,ascites and abdominal lumps were recorded and compared with those of X-ray examination.Results Color Doppler ultrasound before operation found 21 patients with duodenal bulb ulcer combined with perforation,18 with peritoneal cavity free air,25 with ascites and 14 with abdominal lumps.X-ray examination showed peritoneal cavity free air in 21 patients,but no ascites and abdominal lumps were found,let alone the direct features of duodenal bulb ulcer.Conclusion With regard tO duodenal bulb ulcer combined with perforation,color Doppler ultrasound can not only display peritoneal cavity free air as well as X-ray,but also show ascites and abdominal lumps,even duodenal bulb ulcer itself.Color Doppler ultrasound can make up the deficiency of X-ray examination,and is a valuable method in diagnosing duodenal bulb ulcer combined with perforation.