Objective To establish a mouse model of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation,and using exogenous interleukin-7 receptor alpha (IL-7Rα) intervene mice aGVHD and analyse its possible mechanism.Methods The BALB/C (H-2d) female mice as recipients were grouped by rat: the irradiation group (group A),irradiation transplantation group (group B) and IL-7Rα in the intervention group (group C),each 10.ALL mice were accepted 9 Gy60Co total body irradiation.1×107 bone marrow cells and 2×107 spleen cells of donor C57BL/6 (H-2b) via the tail vein were infused to recipient mice.The signs of the recipient mice,hematopoietic functional recovery and survival time of change,and pathology,chimerism and cytokine levels in checkwere observed.Results Mice in A group after irradiation were gradually death,in group B and group C mice after transplantation had typical aGVHD symptoms,but lighter signs and a longer survival time of Group C than in group B.WBC count in Group C was +14 d (4.53± 0.21) ×109/L,+21 d (3.63±0.06) ×109/L,+28 d (4.31±0.04) ×109/L,was hematopoietic recovery compared with Group B [+14 d (1.81±0.05) ×109/L,+21 d (1.32±0.04) ×109/L,+28 d (1.76±0.04) ×109/L],the difference was statistically significant (t =0.237,0.108,0.359,P ＜ 0.05).The pathological results of liver,spleen,skin histopathology in group C were better than group B.Chimera implants,plasma IL-7 levels after transplant +7 d,concentration was significantly increased.IL-7 concentration in group C was +14 d (194.32±1.02) pg/ml,+21 d (131.63±1.54) pg/ml and in group B was +14 d (330.24±8.08) pg/ml,+21 d (184.09±2.05) pg/ml,the difference was statistically significant (t =1.590,1.285,P ＜0.05).Conclusion The stable aGVHD mouse model was established.In aGVHD early,plasma IL-7 levels were significantly increased.Exogenous IL-7Rαcan reduce the plasma IL-7 levels,thereby reducing the incidence of aGVHD after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Heart ; Heart Transplantation ; Humans ; Lung

Objective To compare the effects between the impact of IL-7Rα,bacterial flagellin alone to the acute graft-versus-host disease and the combination of both,and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods The BALB/C (H-2d) female mice as recipients were divided into alone irradiation transplantation group (group A),IL-7Rα intervention group (group B),bacterial flagellin intervention group (group C),IL-7Rα combined with bacterial flagellin intervention group (group D),and 6 mice in each group.All mice were accepted 9 Gy 60Co total body irradiation,and 1×107 bone marrow cells and 2× 107 spleen cells of donors C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice were infused via the tail vein to recipient mice.The symptoms,signs,survival time and hematopoietic function recovery of the recipient mice were observed.Results Mice survival of group A was (22.5±2.30) d,30 d survival rate was 50.0 ％ (3/6),and aGVHD performances inculding the fatigue,anorexia,hair removal,arched,and so on appeared obviously.Survival of group B was (25.83±3.49) d,30 d survival rate was 33.3 ％ (2/6),aGVHD performances compared with group A was lighter.Survival of group C was (26.33±3.52) d,30 d survival rate was 33.3 ％ (2/6),also appeared aGVHD performance,which degree was same to the group B.survival of group D was (30.17±2.86) d,30 d survival rate was 66.7 ％ (4/6),aGVHD performances compared to the other three groups was lightest.The white blood cell count of four groups were reduced to minimum at +7 d,then the three intervention groups gradually recovered.The WBC recovery at 14,21,28,30 day after the transplant of group A compared with slowly was the intervention groups (P ＞ 0.05),WBC recovery of B was roughly equal to group C (P ＞ 0.05),while the WBC recovery of group D was faster than group B or C (P ＜ 0.05).At 2nd week after transplantation,CD3+ T cells was significantly decreased in 4 groups,and at 3rd week began gradually rised.Compared with group A,the proportion of CD3+ cells of other three groups were increased significantly,there was no statistical signifiance of CD3+ cell proportion between group B and group C at 2nd,3rd,4th week after transplantation (P ＞ 0.05),while the CD3+ T cell recovery in group D was faster than group B or C (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The stable aGVHD mouse model was established.Exogenous IL-7Rα and bacterial flagellin may reduce the incidence of aGVHD.There was no significant difference for aGVHD when they was used alone,but when combination of them,aGVHD is slighter and the hematopoietic recorery is faster.

Caliciviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Norovirus ; Schools

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese-translated Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 (BREQ-2) for nursing home residents. Methods: A convenience sample of 204 nursing home residents were used for measuring the instrument performances. Demographics form and BREQ-2 developed by Markland were applied. Results: The translated BREQ-2 model was a good fit for the results of confirmatory factor analysis, χ2 was 276.75, comparative fit index was .94, standardized root mean square residual was .05, and root mean square error of approximation was .07. Results in the BREQ-2 indicated good consistency, Cronbach's α coefficient of BREQ-2 was .78, and each of the five subscales were ranged from .78 to .83. The test–retest was valued .84, and the five subscales ranged from .75 to .89, which supporting the stability of instrument. Conclusion This study provided psychometric evidence for the application of BREQ-2 among nursing home residents in China.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese-translated Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 (BREQ-2) for nursing home residents. Methods: A convenience sample of 204 nursing home residents were used for measuring the instrument performances. Demographics form and BREQ-2 developed by Markland were applied. Results: The translated BREQ-2 model was a good fit for the results of confirmatory factor analysis, χ2 was 276.75, comparative fit index was .94, standardized root mean square residual was .05, and root mean square error of approximation was .07. Results in the BREQ-2 indicated good consistency, Cronbach's α coefficient of BREQ-2 was .78, and each of the five subscales were ranged from .78 to .83. The test–retest was valued .84, and the five subscales ranged from .75 to .89, which supporting the stability of instrument. Conclusion This study provided psychometric evidence for the application of BREQ-2 among nursing home residents in China.

Objective To explore the correlation between nurses′ preventive behavior against needle stick injuries and perception of risks, hospital safety climate as well as provide some references for strategy making. Methods In accordance with a multi-stage sampling method, questionnaires were used to collect data from 1 012 nurses in 8 level three class A general hospitals. Results The average scores of nurses′ preventive actions toward needle stick injuries and hospital safety climate were (3. 71 ± 0. 50) and (3. 91 ± 0. 53) respectively. Nurses with high perception of risks accounted for 67. 1%. In addition, the Spearman correlation analysis suggested that nurses′preventive behavior was negatively correlated with perception of risks (r= -0. 093,P<0. 01), while it positively correlated with hospital safety climate (r=0. 463,P<0. 01). Conclusions Clinical nurses should have further regulations for protective behavior against needle injuries. We can take measurements actively to reduce nurses perception of risks and create safety work climate that can be benefits for nurses taking favorable protective behavior and reducing the incidence of needle injuries.

In view of the current environment and background of nursing education in China, this paper is to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of nursing education in China and to discuss the development trend of nursing education in the future under the new situation.

Objective:To validate the physical activity model for the elderly in nursing homes based on the self-determination theory (SDT) under the Chinese scenario and provide a theoretical basis for future interventions by clarifying the relationship between autonomy support, basic psychological needs, motivation and physical activity in the elderly in nursing homes.Methods:Totally 204 senior citizens from 6 nursing homes in Shenyang City were selected by convenient sampling from March 7 to 13, 2018. The self-made general information questionnaire, Perceived Autonomy Support (PAS) , Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise Scale (PNSE) , Revised Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-2) and pedometers were used to collected their basic information, autonomy support, psychological satisfaction in exercise, motivation and physical activity. The statistical method of structural equation model was employed to validate the model.Results:The coefficient of 14 paths in the model was significant [χ 2=44.81, degree of freedom ( df) =31, χ 2/ df=1.45, comparative fit index ( CFI) =0.99, root-mean-square error of approximation ( RMSEA) =0.05, standardized root-mean-square residual ( SRMR) =0.03], showing the model simulation was sound. Autonomy support could predict the level of physical activity through the complete mediation of basic psychological needs and motivation. The positive effect of autonomy support on basic psychological needs was 0.96, and the predictive power of the three basic psychological needs for motivation was attribution (0.93) , autonomy (0.88) , and competence (0.81) from high to low. The positive effect of basic psychological needs on autonomous motivation was 0.82, and their negative effect on controlled motivation and amotivation was -0.94 and -0.65, respectively. The positive effect of autonomous motivation on physical activity was 0.64. The negative effect of controlled motivation on physical activity was -0.22, and the negative effect of amotivation on physical activity was -0.19. Conclusions:As a model for understanding the generation and development process of physical activity motivation, SDT is universal and applicable to the elderly population in the context of Chinese culture.