Objective To observe the turnaround time(TAT) of biochemistry laboratory in a certain hospital of Chongqing city,and to improve the quality of the laboratory by shortening the TAT.Methods TAT was analyzed by analyzing the daily workload,average TAT and failure rate of outpatient clinics,outpatient emergency,inpatient clinics,and inpatient emergency subjects from 2013 to 2015.The reasons for TAT prolongation were analyzed.Results The biochemical test samples were 77 060,97 129 and 105 304 from 2013 to 2015,and the annual growth rate was 26.0％ and 8.4％ respectively.TAT of the routine outpatient department samples were (78.55nu48.47)、(69.18± 37.20)、(62.82 ±21.62)min,which decreased year by year,and the difference were statistically significant(P＜0.05),and the TAT of the outpatient emergency were (64.13 ± 31.16),(59.22 ± 23.51),(66.01±37.73)min.TAT of inpatient clinics were (92.34± 53.41),(95.03±55.73) and (122.92±78.94)min from 2013 to 2015,which increased year by year,and the difference were statistically significant(P＜0.05),and the TAT of the inpatient emergency were(65.29±36.06),(62.41±30.18),(61.48±30.12)min,which decreased year by year,and the difference were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The substandard rate of samples aforementioned were 0.04％,2.99％,0.63％ and 3.69％,respectively.Conclusion TAT increases with the samples increase,it is necessary that making sure staffs more responsible in daily work,optimizing the procedure of daily biochemistry tests,improving ability of serving for clinic and patients.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effects of microRNA145 ( miRNA145 ) on the viability, apoptosis, inva-sion and metastasis of hepatoma HepG2 cells.METHODS: HepG2 cells were randomly allocated into 3 groups: blank control group, empty mimic transfected group and miRNA145 mimic transfected group.Under the induction of Lipofectami-neTM 2000, the recombinant was transfected into HepG2 cells.After transfection, the expression level of miRNA145 was detected by real-time PCR.The protein level of N-cadherin and the mRNA expression levels of miRNA145 and N-cadherin were detected by Western blot and real-time PCR.The cell viability was detected by MTS assay.The cell cycle and apopto-sis were analyzed by flow cytometry.Invasion and metastasis were detected by Transwell assay.RESULTS:Compared with negative control, miRNA145 expression was up-regulated significantly, while the expression of N-cadherin was down-regu-lated significantly.Meanwhile, the cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis of hepatoma HepG2 cells were all significantly inhibited (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:miRNA145 dramatically inhibits viability, apoptosis, inva-sion and metastasis of hepatoma cells.

The COVID-19 epidemic fully reflects the importance of surveillance and early warning of infectious diseases， and also puts forward higher requirements for us to further improve epidemic surveillance to achieve early detection， early identification， early reporting and early disposal of various pathogens. In this paper， we reviewed the development of the integrated surveillance system for infectious diseases in Shanghai in recent years， illustrated the approach of integrated surveillance based on syndromes and events， and initially summarized the key results of the integrated surveillance， expanding the scope of surveillance， improving sensitivity and enhancing the capacity of the system. Moreover， considering the requirements regarding the public health system， we provide some thoughts and suggestions on further expanding of the integrated surveillance， continuously strengthening the integration of public health surveillance with clinical diagnosis and treatment， laboratory capacity development， and public health information technology.

Objective To understand the pathogen spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of diarrhea cases in Shanghai from August 2013 to July 2014.Methods The survey was conducted in 23 hospitals at different levels randomly selected in Shanghai,the diarrhea cases seeking medical care in these hospitals were sampled,and stool samples were collected from them for pathogen isolation.Results Among 3 467 stool samples detected,1 561 were positive for at least 1 pathogen (45.02％).A total of 6 kinds of bacteria and 5 kinds of viruses were detected.The positive rate for bacterium was 13.46％,mainly Vibrio parahaemolyticus (172 cases) and Salmonella (143 cases).The positive rate for virus was 27.75％,mainly Norovirus (471 cases) and Rotavirus (312 cases).The positive rates peaked obviously in summer and during autumn-winter.The positive rate of virus was higher than that of bacterium during autumn-winter,and the positive rate of bacterium was higher than that of virus in summer,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Stratified analysis showed the constituent ratio of virus positive samples during November-February was highest among all age groups,however,the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The constituent ratio of bacterium positive samples during June-September was highest in all age groups,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The proportion of the cases with fever in bacterium positive group (19.06％) was higher than those in virus positive group (10.91％),the difference had statistically significance (P＜0.05).Conclusion The pathogen spectrum of diarrhea was relatively wide in Shanghai and the seasonality of the incidence was obvious.Specific etiological surveillance and control strategies should be strengthened among risk groups in different seasons.

Objective To analyze differentially expressed genes and potential microRNA(miR-NAs)with diagnostic and therapeutic potential in ulcerative colitis(UC)based on bioinformatics.Methods The chip raw data in GEO database was screened by weighted gene coexpression network analysis.UC related differentially expressed genes were obtained for enrichment analysis.Potential miRNAs associated with differentially expressed genes were predicted based on key genes,and gene-miRNA regulatory networks were constructed.Results A total of 277 differentially expressed genes were screened,of which 200 genes were up-regulated and 77 genes were down-regulated.Gene set en-richment analysis(GSEA)showed that the main enrichment pathways were neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,leishmania infection,prion disease and electrocardiogram receptor interaction.The results of gene ontology(GO)analysis showed that it was mainly involved in chemokine activity,heparin binding as well as chemokine receptor binding and other items.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis showed that the main enrichment pathways were cytokine receptor interaction pathway,phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K-AKT)signaling pathway,chemokine signaling pathway as well as nuclear transcription factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway and other pathway.A total of 10 hub genes were screened:C-X-C chemokine ligand 8(CXCL8),Toll-like receptor 2(TLR2),intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),selectin L(SELL),C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4(CXCR4),cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4(CTLA4),clus-ter of differentiation 69(CD69),and Biglycan(BGN),C-X-C chemokine ligand 13(CXCL13),tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1(TIMP1).A total of 12 potentially key miRNAs were identi-fied,they were respectively hsa-mir-335-5p,hsa-mir-146a-5p,hsa-mir-92a-3p,hsa-mir-155-5p,hsa-mir-26b-5p,hsa-mir-4426,hsa-mir-4462b,hsa-mir-4647,hsa-mir-32-5p,hsa-mir-92b-3p,hsa-mir-98-5p and hsa-mir-93-5p,respectively.Conclusion In this study,a total of 277 differen-tially expressed genes are screened for possible involvement in the development of UC,and 10 hub genes and 12 miRNAs are identified as possible biomarkers for UC.

Objective To propose a new method for mining compatibility rules of traditional Chi-nese medicine(TCM)formulation from the perspective of weighted projection of bipartite networks,and to predict the combination of new drugs to provide a basis for guiding the clinical treatment of acute nasopharyngitis.Methods Using the acute nasopharyngitis prescription data in the Traditional Chi-nese Medicine Integrated Database(TCMID)as the data source,a bipartite network is constructed by extracting the prescription and drug nodes.A drug network projection map was then obtained using weighted projection.Social network analysis was performed combined with weighted projection of bipar-tite networks,and compatibility rules of"Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi"in TCM via hierachical cluster analysis based on Pearson correlation.Besides,link prediction was used for core drug prediction.Results The combi-nation of bipartite network weighted projection and Pearson correlation for systematic clustering analysis played a significant role in the study of the compatibility rules of TCM prescriptions.In link predic-tion,11 link prediction indicators were selected,and weighted and unweighted algorithms were distin-guished.The final calculation showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of the weighted indicators were generally higher than that of the unweighted network.Among the weighted indicators,the indica-tor with the highest AUC index was the network resource allocation Index.A total of 7 groups of drug combinations were predicted,including Baitouweng-Maokezi,Anxixiang-Shijiaocao,Baihuacha-Fuzi,etc.Conclusion The bipartite network weighted projection method is practical and effective in revealing the compatibility rules of TCM and predicting drug combination.

Objective To analyze differentially expressed genes and potential microRNA(miR-NAs)with diagnostic and therapeutic potential in ulcerative colitis(UC)based on bioinformatics.Methods The chip raw data in GEO database was screened by weighted gene coexpression network analysis.UC related differentially expressed genes were obtained for enrichment analysis.Potential miRNAs associated with differentially expressed genes were predicted based on key genes,and gene-miRNA regulatory networks were constructed.Results A total of 277 differentially expressed genes were screened,of which 200 genes were up-regulated and 77 genes were down-regulated.Gene set en-richment analysis(GSEA)showed that the main enrichment pathways were neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,leishmania infection,prion disease and electrocardiogram receptor interaction.The results of gene ontology(GO)analysis showed that it was mainly involved in chemokine activity,heparin binding as well as chemokine receptor binding and other items.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis showed that the main enrichment pathways were cytokine receptor interaction pathway,phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K-AKT)signaling pathway,chemokine signaling pathway as well as nuclear transcription factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway and other pathway.A total of 10 hub genes were screened:C-X-C chemokine ligand 8(CXCL8),Toll-like receptor 2(TLR2),intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),selectin L(SELL),C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4(CXCR4),cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4(CTLA4),clus-ter of differentiation 69(CD69),and Biglycan(BGN),C-X-C chemokine ligand 13(CXCL13),tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1(TIMP1).A total of 12 potentially key miRNAs were identi-fied,they were respectively hsa-mir-335-5p,hsa-mir-146a-5p,hsa-mir-92a-3p,hsa-mir-155-5p,hsa-mir-26b-5p,hsa-mir-4426,hsa-mir-4462b,hsa-mir-4647,hsa-mir-32-5p,hsa-mir-92b-3p,hsa-mir-98-5p and hsa-mir-93-5p,respectively.Conclusion In this study,a total of 277 differen-tially expressed genes are screened for possible involvement in the development of UC,and 10 hub genes and 12 miRNAs are identified as possible biomarkers for UC.

Objective To propose a new method for mining compatibility rules of traditional Chi-nese medicine(TCM)formulation from the perspective of weighted projection of bipartite networks,and to predict the combination of new drugs to provide a basis for guiding the clinical treatment of acute nasopharyngitis.Methods Using the acute nasopharyngitis prescription data in the Traditional Chi-nese Medicine Integrated Database(TCMID)as the data source,a bipartite network is constructed by extracting the prescription and drug nodes.A drug network projection map was then obtained using weighted projection.Social network analysis was performed combined with weighted projection of bipar-tite networks,and compatibility rules of"Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi"in TCM via hierachical cluster analysis based on Pearson correlation.Besides,link prediction was used for core drug prediction.Results The combi-nation of bipartite network weighted projection and Pearson correlation for systematic clustering analysis played a significant role in the study of the compatibility rules of TCM prescriptions.In link predic-tion,11 link prediction indicators were selected,and weighted and unweighted algorithms were distin-guished.The final calculation showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of the weighted indicators were generally higher than that of the unweighted network.Among the weighted indicators,the indica-tor with the highest AUC index was the network resource allocation Index.A total of 7 groups of drug combinations were predicted,including Baitouweng-Maokezi,Anxixiang-Shijiaocao,Baihuacha-Fuzi,etc.Conclusion The bipartite network weighted projection method is practical and effective in revealing the compatibility rules of TCM and predicting drug combination.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of Norovirus among adult patients suffering from infectious diarrhea in Shanghai, so as to provide evidence for developing related strategies on prevention and control of the disease. Methods: Diarrheal outpatients were monitored at the 'Intestinal clinic’ from 22 hospitals involved in the sentinel surveillance program in Shanghai. Information on demographic and epidemiologic features of the patients was collected while data and clinical, fecal specimens were collected and sent to the district CDC for Norovirus detection. Positive rates of Norovirus were also compared in various populations and seasons during 2013-2018. Multivariate logistic regression model was adopted to fit into the comparisons between non-Norovirus and Norovirus groups. Results: 19.28% of the 12 083 diarrheal cases were found to have carried the Norovirus, with GⅡgroup the most commonly identified genotype. Rates of detection was seen higher in males (20.78%) than in females (17.73%). 30-44 year-old were found having the highest positive rate (21.51%). The positive rates were found the highest (23.60%) in the year of 2015. All the above shown differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Diarrheal patients affected with Norovirus would present watery stool (75.94%) and vomiting (35.84%). Data from the multivariate logistic analysis showed that factors as: being males, 30-44 years old, officials/clerks, in winter season and with histories of travelling etc., were related to higher risks on Norovirus infection. Conclusions Infectious diarrhea caused by Norovirus occurred all year round, with seasonal peaks seen in winter and spring, in Shanghai. Specific prevention and control measures should be taken on Norovirus- caused infectious diarrhea, according to the difference on age, gender and season.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between cardiac polyps and gastroesophageal flap valve (GEFV).Methods:The clinical, endoscopic and pathological data of 349 patients with cardiac polyps (the cardiac polyp group) visiting Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2021 were retrospectively collected, and the same number of non-cardiac polyp patients (the non-cardiac polyp group) were matched in the same period as control according to the propensity score. The clinical, endoscopic and pathological data of the two groups were compared.Results:After matching with propensity score, there were 296 patients in each group, with no significant differences in smoking, acid reflux, heartburn, Helicobacter pylori infection, bile reflux, reflux esophagitis or pancreatitis between the two groups ( P>0.05). Compared with the non-cardiac polyp group, the risk of cardiac polyps increased in GEFV Ⅱ patients ( OR=3.046, 95%CI: 2.100-4.419, P<0.001) and GEFV Ⅲ patients ( OR=4.202, 95%CI: 2.299-7.681, P<0.001). Compared with the non-cardiac polyp group, the risk of cardiac polyps increased in patients with GEFV abnormalities ( OR=2.822, 95%CI: 1.615-4.931, P<0.001). GEFV abnormalities was associated with the cardiac polyp site ( χ2=22.169, P=0.003) and was not significantly associated with cardiac polyp size, number, morphology, intestinal metaplasia of the surrounding mucosa or intraepithelial neoplasia ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The occurrence of cardiac polyps is related to GEFV, and the patients with GEFV abnormalities are more likely to develop cardiac polyps.