For a long period of time, silk fibroin has been applied in biomedical areas. Along with the development of biotechnology, new functions of silk fibroin are being found and developed. From the suture of surgery to the therapeutic drug and the ordinary tissue engineering frame to high grade frame with drug buffer system, exploitation of silk fibroin is constantly introduced with something new from the old ones. In our review, we summarize the applications of silk fibroin in tissue engineering, drug buffer system and medical care.
Fibroins ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Tissue Engineering

Objective To discuss difference of Yinhuang medicinal broth and its membrane fraction from macroscopic quality,provide reasonable experimental basis for membrane system.Methods Method of infrared spectral analysis was used to compare absorption peak position,peak intensity,correlation coefficient of spectrogram of Yinhuang medicinal broth and membrane fraction,judge separation efficiency by overall analysis the spectrogram.Results There was a lots of same peak position at Yinhuang medicinal broth and final membrane fraction.Their coefficient correlation was 0.832 7.Conclusion After impurity removal and concentration by two kind of membrane,Yinhuang medicinal broth lose a little ingredient, so the selection of membrane system is reasonable.

Objective To discuss the diagnosis,treatment and following-up of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) during pregnancy.Methods Eighteen pregnant women with CIN,presented to the hospital from Jan.2004 to May.2008,were retrospectively reviewed.Pap smear,HPV,copolscopy and cervical biopsy were performed for diagnosis and all were followed up by Pap smear and copolscopy during pregnancy every 12 weeks,while 15 were followed up until 6-8 weeks postpartum.Results The incidence of CIN during pregnancy was 0.16%.All of the 18 women had abnormal Pap smear,followed by colopscopy and biopsy.Conservative management during the pregnancies every 3 months showed no progress in CIN.Among the 18 cases,17 delivered at term and only 1 preterm (36+4 weeks).Two out of the 18 women had normal delivery (11.1%),2 by forceps(11.1 %) and 14 by cesarean sections (77.8%).No neonatal apnea or neonatal respiratory distress syndrome had been observed.Pathological diagnosis was confirmed in all cases prenatally,including 4 CIN1,4 CIN2 and 10 CIN3.Four out of the 10 CIN3 remained after delivery,while 1 changed to CIN2.These 5 cases underwent leep electrical excision procedure and Pap smear results turned to normal at 6 to 11 months after delivery.One HSIL case were lost.The rest 4 CIN3 and all of the 8 CIN1 and CIN2 cases turned to normal or lesser degree.Fourteen of the 18 women received HPV test during pregnancy,and 12 (85.7%) were positive,among which 7 women were followed up at postpartum and 6 of them were HPV positive.Conclusions The three steps method for diagnosis of CIN during pregnancy is safe and effective.Conservative management of CIN during pregnancy is recommended.

Objective To study the relationship between serum HBV DNA level and apoptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) , and the relationship between serum HBV DNA level and the activity of caspase-8 in the patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Method 30 CHB patients were selected as experimental group, and it was divided into three subgroups according to the serum HBV DNA level, subgroup A (high serum HBVDNA), subgroup B (medium serum HBVDNA), and subgroup C (low serum HBVDNA). 10 healthy adults were random selected as control group. PBMC were isolated from two groups by separating medium of lymphocytic cell and culturing it with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in vitro for 72 hours. The PBMC was stained with PI and the apoptosis was assayed with flow cytometry. At the same time, the aetivity of caspase-8 of PBMC was assayed by color matching. Results The apoptosis rate of PBMC of experimental group ( 26. 88 ± 7.37 ) % were higher than that of the control group ( 14. 95 ±2. 53)% ( P <0. 01 ). In the experimental group, the apoptosis rate of PBMC of subgroups A, B and C showed decreasing order (34. 75 ± 4. 59)%, (25.63 ± 3.55 )%, ( 18. 91 ± 3. 81 )%. The activity of caspase-8 of experimental group 2. 99 ±0. 82 were higher than that of the control group 1.43 ±0. 91 ( P <0. 01 ). The activity of caspase-8 of subgroup A, B and C showed the same decreasing order: 3. 87 ±0. 35,2. 95 ± 0. 36, 1.95 ± 0. 29. There was a positive correlation between the apoptosis level of PBMC and the activity of caspase-8 in experimen tal group ( r = 0. 610, P < 0. 01 ). Conclusion AICD of PBMC was found in patients with CHB. The activity of caspase-8 increased in that process, and it may participate in the transduction of apoptosis signal. Serum HBV DNA level was related with the apoptosis rate of PBMC and the activity of caspase-8, and it may be one of the reasons of apoptosis in PBMC.

Objective: To determine the relationship among perceived stigma, mental health and unsafe sexual behaviors of people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods: Cross-sectional research was used to interview people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) from April 2012 to March 2013 in Changsha, China. The questionnaires included General Questionnaire, Sexual Behavior Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and Psychometric Assessment of the HIV Stigma Scale. hTe results were statistically analyzed with SPSS18.0. Results: hTe total score of perceived stigma and its 4 dimensions were positively correlated with anxiety and depression. The total score of perceived stigma and its dimensions were associated with disclosure, but no signiifcantly correlated with other sexual behaviors. Hierarchical regression showed perceived stigma had an effect on anxiety. Conclusion: hTe stigma perceived by PLWHA is above the average level. Perceived stigma has an effect on mental health, especially anxiety, but no effect on unsafe sexual behaviors.

Objective To investigate the correlation between QRS amplitudes and left ventricular wall thickness in autopsy specimens of elderly men.Methods The data of autopsy cases in our hospital since 1990 were retrospectively analyzed.The cases with QRS duration≥0.12 s and the pacing electrocardiogram were excluded.QRS amplitudes of standard 12-lead electrocardiography in 3 months before death were measured and the correlation between QRS amplitudes and left ventricular wall thickness was analyzed in the elderly men.Results Correlations were found between the amplitudes of the R waves in leads V5 ,V6, Ⅰ ,aVL[(1.1±0.7) mV, (0.95±0.6) mV, (0.44±0.3)mV and(0.35±0.3)mV] and left ventricular wall thickness[(13.6±5.4)mm;r=0.22,0.14,0.22,0.23,all P<0.05], and between the combination of QRS amplitudes SV1 +RV5 or RV6(1.9±1.2) mV] and left ventrieular wall thickness [(13.8± 5.4) mm; r = 0.23, P < 0.05].The correlationbetween the combination of QRS amplitudes (SV1 + RV5 or RV6 ) and left ventricular wall thickness was the strongest in 60-79 years old cases (r=0.48, P<0.01) ,and was decreased in 80-89 years old cases (r= 0.23, P<0.05).There was no correlation between the combination of QRS amplitudes (SV1+RV5or RV6) and left ventricular wall thickness in 90-101 years old cases (r= 0.03, P> 0.05).Conclusions Electrocardiogram is a reliable method for diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy in elderly men aged < 90 years.

Objective To identify the risk factors for postoperative spinal cord injury in Stanford type A aortic dissection patients.Methods 210 Stanford type A aortic dissection(TAAD) patients underwent Sun's procedure in Beijing Aortic Disease Center during July 2014 to March 2015.14 patients had spinal cord injury after surgery.Clinical data and computed tomography angiography(CTA) imaging of aorta were retrospectively analyzed and multi-logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for spinal cord injury post operation.Results 14 out of 210(6.7％) patients had transient or permanent spinal cord injury after surgery.Univariate analysis showed only false lumen derived intercostal arteries at eighth thoracic vertebral level (T8) to first lumbar vertebral level (L1) was significantly associated with post-surgery spinal cord injury (P =0.000).Multi-logistic regression analysis showed that false lumen derived intercostal arteries (P =0.000) and age (P =0.016) were significantly associated with postoperative spinal cord injury.Conclusion Major intercostal arteries derived from false lumen and rapid thrombogenesis in false lumen are the major risk factors for postoperative spinal cord injury in Stanford type A aortic dissection patients.

Objective To identify the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in overweight patients who underwent surgery for the treatment of acute type A aortic dissection(TAAD).Methods A retrospective study including 108 consecutive overweight patients(body mass index(BMI) ≥24) between January 2010 and May 2013 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital was performed with Sun's procedure of total aortic arch replacement and frozen elephant trunk implantation.AKI was as defined according to Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria based on serum creatinine(sCr) or urine output.Results The mean age of the patients was(43.69 ± 9.66) years.During the postoperative period seventy-two patients(66.7％) developed AKI.The overall postoperative mortality rate was 7.4％,8.3％ in AKI group and 5.6％ in non-AKI group.There is no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P =0.32).A logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the independent risk factors for AKI:elevated preoperative sCr level and postoperative drainage volume.Renal replacement therapy(RRT) was performed in fifteen patients (13.9 ％).Conclusion A higher incidence of AKI (66.7 ％) in overweight patients following acute TAAD was identified.The logistic regression model found out elevated preoperative sCr level and 72 hour drainage volume as the two independent risk factors for AKI in overweight patients.More attention should be paid to prevent AKI in overweight patients following TAAD.

To explore the spatial distribution mechanism of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), PhyML v3.0 was used to build phylogenetic tree using JEV sequences in the dataset. PAUP v4.0 and Migrapyhla softz ware were then used to analyze the migration events. The results showed that a total of 95 migration events were observed during the dispersal of JEV throughout Asia. Further analysis revealed that Thailand, and several Chinese provinces (including Shandong, Shanghai, Sichuan and Yunnan), were the main migration sources of JEV. JEV spread from these migration sources as follows: from Thailand to Australia, Cambodia, Tibet and India; from Shanghai to eastern coastal Asian regions and Yunnan; from Shandong to Korea, Zhejiang, Hubei, Shanxi and Liaoning; from Sichuan mainly to inland regions of China, as well as Vietnam and Japan; and from Yunnan to Zhejiang. This study indicated that frequent migration events occurred during the dispersal of JEV in the Asia and Pacific regions, and that Thailand, Shandong, Shanghai, Sichuan and Yunnan were the sources of JEV dispersal.
Asia ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; epidemiology ; transmission ; virology ; Phylogeny