Despite recent advances in surgical techniques and radiotherapy and chemotherapy ,the prog-nosis of laryngeal carcinoma is still poor ,especially patients with in the stage ⅢandⅣ.Hence,there needs a no-vel therapy to improve the treatment of laryngeal carcinoma .Molecular targeted therapy represents an exciting field in the treatment of cancer .This review focuses on the relationship between the laryngeal carcinoma and some promising targets,including EGFR,VEGF,COX-2,mTOR,Nm23-H1 and iNOS,and related inhibitors in la-ryngeal carcinoma research .

Objective To study the genome molecular characteristics of Getah virus(DY0824)which isolated in Shandong province,2008 by molecular biology methods.Methods Reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to amplify the structural gene and 3'UTR fragments then the RT-PCR products were inserted into PGEM-T easy to be sequenced.Computer software was used to analyze the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence,and draw phylogenetic trees,including Clustal X1.83 and MegaAlign and Mega4.Results The capsid protein of DY0824 consists of 804 nucleotides,encoding 268 amino acids and the full-length of E2 protein is 1266 nucleotides,encoding 422 amino acids.The nucleotide homology of the capsid protein and the E2 protein with other strains were 95.4%-99.9%and 94.8%-99.5%,and the amino acid were 97.4%-100%and 97.6%-100%.The 3'UTR of the virus include 401 nucleotides and there are three repeat sequence elements.Conclusion Compared with the prototype virus,the Getah virus isolated in Shandong province had 7 amino acid differences in capsid protein genes and 10 amino acid differences in E protein genes.The 3'UTR region had multi-nucleotide changes.

Objective The objective of this study were to investigate the effects of miR-219 on cell proliferation,invasion and metastasis and the correlation between PRKCI and miR-219 expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Methods The lu-ciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the predicted target gene. The expression of PRKCI in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells overexpressed exogenous miR-219 was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Finally,the reverse effects of PRKCI on the proliferation,clone formation,migration and invasion ability were examined in stable overexpressing miR-219 tongue squamous cell carcinoma(TSCC)cells by MTT assay,cell plate cloning assay,scratch assay and Transwell chamber assays. qRT-PCR assay was used to determine the expression of PRKCI gene and miR-219 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma tissues,and the relationship be-tween PRKCI and miR-219 was further analyzed. Results The bioinformatics analysis predicted that the downstream target gene of miR-219 was PRKCI. The double luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-219 was able to reduce the fluorescence activity of the wild type PRKCI reporter vector. In addition,qRT-PCR and Western blot also showed that miR-219 could down-regulate the expression of PRKCI in TSCC cells. MTT results showed that overexpression of PRKCI could reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-219 on the proliferation of TSCC cells,and further demonstrated that the overexpression of PRKCI could reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-219 on the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of TSCC cells by cell plate cloning, scratch and Transwell experiments. Conclusion MiR-219 plays a role in inhibiting tumor by directly targeting PRKCI and negatively regulating the expression of PRK-CI. miR-219 was negatively correlated with PRKCI expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

One of the main mechanisms of tumorigenesis and development is silencing of the patient's immune response to cancer-specific antigens.The defect of cancer immune surveillance may occur at any stage of tumor progression.In the tumor micro-environment,the abnormal expression of the immune checkpoint molecules that have an activation or inhibition effect on T lymphocytes can cause immune tolerance or escape of tumor cells.Targeted immune checkpoint molecules such as PD-1(programmed cell death protein 1)and its ligand PD-L1,have been shown to be new directions for the treatment of many types of cancer.microRNAs(miR-NAs)play an important role in tumor microenvironment.Studies have shown that miRNAs are highly expressed in some tumors and play an important role in immune response,especially in early regulation.Therefore,miRNAs may be ideal candidates for the regula-tion of immune checkpoints in cancer therapy.The abnormal expression of multiple miRNAs in cancer cells provides new opportunities for cancer therapy,but the exact function of these miRNAs and their interaction with immune checkpoints are still in the exploratory phase.This review summarizes the recent findings regarding the use of miRNAs as molecular regulators of immune checkpoints and their potential applications in the treatment of cancer in clinical practice.

ABSTRACT:Objective To explore the clinical curative effect and nursing of Chinese medicine combined with recombinant interleukin-2 in treating refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpu-ra.Methods 52 renal anemia refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura patients were ran-domly divided into treatment group and control group.The treatment group with 26 cases was given subcutaneous injection of recombinant human interleukin-2(Juhe Granule)for 1 time daily,con-tinuous treatment lasted for 14 days per month and 1 months was a course of treatment.Besides, Chinese medicine decoction(composed of radix astragali,radix rehmanniae,herba agrimoniae,buf-falo horn,cortex moutan,callicarpa macrophylla vahl,etc)was orally taken for 1 agent daily for 2 times in the morning and evening.The control group with 26 cases was given only recombinant hu-man interleukin-2 (Juhe Granule).The course of the treatment in the two groups was lasted for 2 months and nursing intervention measures were conducted during the treatment.Results The ef-fective rate was 88.5% in the treatment group and 65.4% in the control group.Comparison of the two groups showed that the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion Chinese medicine combined with recombinant interleukin-2 in treating refractory idiopathic thrombocy-topenic purpura has significant curative effect.

Objective To analyze differentially expressed genes and potential microRNA(miR-NAs)with diagnostic and therapeutic potential in ulcerative colitis(UC)based on bioinformatics.Methods The chip raw data in GEO database was screened by weighted gene coexpression network analysis.UC related differentially expressed genes were obtained for enrichment analysis.Potential miRNAs associated with differentially expressed genes were predicted based on key genes,and gene-miRNA regulatory networks were constructed.Results A total of 277 differentially expressed genes were screened,of which 200 genes were up-regulated and 77 genes were down-regulated.Gene set en-richment analysis(GSEA)showed that the main enrichment pathways were neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,leishmania infection,prion disease and electrocardiogram receptor interaction.The results of gene ontology(GO)analysis showed that it was mainly involved in chemokine activity,heparin binding as well as chemokine receptor binding and other items.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis showed that the main enrichment pathways were cytokine receptor interaction pathway,phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K-AKT)signaling pathway,chemokine signaling pathway as well as nuclear transcription factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway and other pathway.A total of 10 hub genes were screened:C-X-C chemokine ligand 8(CXCL8),Toll-like receptor 2(TLR2),intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),selectin L(SELL),C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4(CXCR4),cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4(CTLA4),clus-ter of differentiation 69(CD69),and Biglycan(BGN),C-X-C chemokine ligand 13(CXCL13),tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1(TIMP1).A total of 12 potentially key miRNAs were identi-fied,they were respectively hsa-mir-335-5p,hsa-mir-146a-5p,hsa-mir-92a-3p,hsa-mir-155-5p,hsa-mir-26b-5p,hsa-mir-4426,hsa-mir-4462b,hsa-mir-4647,hsa-mir-32-5p,hsa-mir-92b-3p,hsa-mir-98-5p and hsa-mir-93-5p,respectively.Conclusion In this study,a total of 277 differen-tially expressed genes are screened for possible involvement in the development of UC,and 10 hub genes and 12 miRNAs are identified as possible biomarkers for UC.

Objective To propose a new method for mining compatibility rules of traditional Chi-nese medicine(TCM)formulation from the perspective of weighted projection of bipartite networks,and to predict the combination of new drugs to provide a basis for guiding the clinical treatment of acute nasopharyngitis.Methods Using the acute nasopharyngitis prescription data in the Traditional Chi-nese Medicine Integrated Database(TCMID)as the data source,a bipartite network is constructed by extracting the prescription and drug nodes.A drug network projection map was then obtained using weighted projection.Social network analysis was performed combined with weighted projection of bipar-tite networks,and compatibility rules of"Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi"in TCM via hierachical cluster analysis based on Pearson correlation.Besides,link prediction was used for core drug prediction.Results The combi-nation of bipartite network weighted projection and Pearson correlation for systematic clustering analysis played a significant role in the study of the compatibility rules of TCM prescriptions.In link predic-tion,11 link prediction indicators were selected,and weighted and unweighted algorithms were distin-guished.The final calculation showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of the weighted indicators were generally higher than that of the unweighted network.Among the weighted indicators,the indica-tor with the highest AUC index was the network resource allocation Index.A total of 7 groups of drug combinations were predicted,including Baitouweng-Maokezi,Anxixiang-Shijiaocao,Baihuacha-Fuzi,etc.Conclusion The bipartite network weighted projection method is practical and effective in revealing the compatibility rules of TCM and predicting drug combination.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between cardiac polyps and gastroesophageal flap valve (GEFV).Methods:The clinical, endoscopic and pathological data of 349 patients with cardiac polyps (the cardiac polyp group) visiting Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2021 were retrospectively collected, and the same number of non-cardiac polyp patients (the non-cardiac polyp group) were matched in the same period as control according to the propensity score. The clinical, endoscopic and pathological data of the two groups were compared.Results:After matching with propensity score, there were 296 patients in each group, with no significant differences in smoking, acid reflux, heartburn, Helicobacter pylori infection, bile reflux, reflux esophagitis or pancreatitis between the two groups ( P>0.05). Compared with the non-cardiac polyp group, the risk of cardiac polyps increased in GEFV Ⅱ patients ( OR=3.046, 95%CI: 2.100-4.419, P<0.001) and GEFV Ⅲ patients ( OR=4.202, 95%CI: 2.299-7.681, P<0.001). Compared with the non-cardiac polyp group, the risk of cardiac polyps increased in patients with GEFV abnormalities ( OR=2.822, 95%CI: 1.615-4.931, P<0.001). GEFV abnormalities was associated with the cardiac polyp site ( χ2=22.169, P=0.003) and was not significantly associated with cardiac polyp size, number, morphology, intestinal metaplasia of the surrounding mucosa or intraepithelial neoplasia ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The occurrence of cardiac polyps is related to GEFV, and the patients with GEFV abnormalities are more likely to develop cardiac polyps.

ABSTRACT:Objective To explore the clinical curative effect and nursing of Chinese medicine combined with recombinant interleukin-2 in treating refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpu-ra.Methods 52 renal anemia refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura patients were ran-domly divided into treatment group and control group.The treatment group with 26 cases was given subcutaneous injection of recombinant human interleukin-2(Juhe Granule)for 1 time daily,con-tinuous treatment lasted for 14 days per month and 1 months was a course of treatment.Besides, Chinese medicine decoction(composed of radix astragali,radix rehmanniae,herba agrimoniae,buf-falo horn,cortex moutan,callicarpa macrophylla vahl,etc)was orally taken for 1 agent daily for 2 times in the morning and evening.The control group with 26 cases was given only recombinant hu-man interleukin-2 (Juhe Granule).The course of the treatment in the two groups was lasted for 2 months and nursing intervention measures were conducted during the treatment.Results The ef-fective rate was 88.5% in the treatment group and 65.4% in the control group.Comparison of the two groups showed that the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion Chinese medicine combined with recombinant interleukin-2 in treating refractory idiopathic thrombocy-topenic purpura has significant curative effect.

Objective To analyze differentially expressed genes and potential microRNA(miR-NAs)with diagnostic and therapeutic potential in ulcerative colitis(UC)based on bioinformatics.Methods The chip raw data in GEO database was screened by weighted gene coexpression network analysis.UC related differentially expressed genes were obtained for enrichment analysis.Potential miRNAs associated with differentially expressed genes were predicted based on key genes,and gene-miRNA regulatory networks were constructed.Results A total of 277 differentially expressed genes were screened,of which 200 genes were up-regulated and 77 genes were down-regulated.Gene set en-richment analysis(GSEA)showed that the main enrichment pathways were neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,leishmania infection,prion disease and electrocardiogram receptor interaction.The results of gene ontology(GO)analysis showed that it was mainly involved in chemokine activity,heparin binding as well as chemokine receptor binding and other items.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis showed that the main enrichment pathways were cytokine receptor interaction pathway,phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K-AKT)signaling pathway,chemokine signaling pathway as well as nuclear transcription factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway and other pathway.A total of 10 hub genes were screened:C-X-C chemokine ligand 8(CXCL8),Toll-like receptor 2(TLR2),intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),selectin L(SELL),C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4(CXCR4),cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4(CTLA4),clus-ter of differentiation 69(CD69),and Biglycan(BGN),C-X-C chemokine ligand 13(CXCL13),tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1(TIMP1).A total of 12 potentially key miRNAs were identi-fied,they were respectively hsa-mir-335-5p,hsa-mir-146a-5p,hsa-mir-92a-3p,hsa-mir-155-5p,hsa-mir-26b-5p,hsa-mir-4426,hsa-mir-4462b,hsa-mir-4647,hsa-mir-32-5p,hsa-mir-92b-3p,hsa-mir-98-5p and hsa-mir-93-5p,respectively.Conclusion In this study,a total of 277 differen-tially expressed genes are screened for possible involvement in the development of UC,and 10 hub genes and 12 miRNAs are identified as possible biomarkers for UC.