ObjectiveTo explore the distribution patterns and correlations of pet-related cat/dog dander allergens and mold allergens in patients with allergic diseases， providing evidence for individualized diagnosis， treatment， and prevention strategies. MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 798 patients diagnosed with allergic diseases at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between April 2021 and October 2023. All patients underwent UniCAP platform testing for specific immunoglobulin E （sIgE） levels against cat dander， dog dander， and mold mix （mx1/mx2）， alongside total IgE （tIgE） quantification. Descriptive statistics， Mann-Whitney U tests， and chi-square analyses were employed to evaluate allergen distribution and interrelationships. ResultsAmong the 798 patients （395 males， 403 females， ratio 1∶1.02）， their ages ranged from 0.67 to 69 years （median 14 years， IQR 6-29）. A total of 63.2% （504/798） had a single allergic disease， with allergic rhinitis （AR， 49.2%） being the most common. The remaining 36.8% （294/798） had ≥2 allergic diseases， with AR combined with atopic dermatitis （AD， 10.7%） as the predominant comorbidity. The positivity rate for cat/dog dander sIgE was 24.1% （192/798）， with a significantly higher prevalence in females （30.8%） than males （16.7%， P＜0.05）. Cat dander sensitization increased with age in patients under 18 years. Among positive cases， cat dander sIgE level 2 was most frequent （25.9%）， while dog dander sIgE level 1 predominated （55%）. Patients with cat dander sIgE levels 4-6 had significantly higher tIgE than those with levels 1-3 （P＜0.05）. The positivity rate for mold mix （mx1/mx2） sIgE was 7.4% （59/798）， with mx2 as the primary sensitizer and level 2 being the most common. In mx2-positive patients， the cat/dog dander sIgE positivity rate （44.8%） was significantly higher than that in mx2-negative patients （17.9%， P＜0.05）， and tIgE levels were also higher （P＜0.05）. ConclusionCat dander sensitization increases with age in children. Cat/dog dander and mold allergens are closely linked to AR and AR combined with AD. Synergistic correlations exist between cat/dog dander sIgE and mold mx2 sIgE. Combined detection of these allergens is critical for precision diagnosis and management of pet-related allergic diseases.

Objective:To explore the changes of disease structure in a tertiary general hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods:A database of 783 diagnosis-related groups(DRG) patients in a tertiary general hospital from 2017 to 2020 was used. The rank sum test was used to compare the number of patients among different years, and the Chi-square test was used to compare the composition of patients among different years. With the patient composition ratio as the main index, the thermal cluster analysis was used to analyze the changes of disease structure during the COVID-19 pandemic, from the perspectives of major diagnostic categories(MDC) and the key DRG(the number of patients in any year more than 2 000)respectively. All analyses were performed in R software, with P<0.05 indicating significance. Results:There were significant differences in the number and composition of patients in MDC groups and key DRG groups among different years( P<0.05). The results of thermal clustering analysis showed that the MDC composition of patients in 2020 was significantly different from those in 2017 to 2019; the 26 MDC groups were classified into four main categories. The results of thermal clustering analysis also showed that the DRG composition of patients in 2020 were significantly different from those in 2017 to 2019; The RU14 group and the other 19 key DRG groups were classified into different groups; and the other 19 key DRG groups except RU14 were classified into five main categories. Conclusions:The disease structure of tertiary general hospitals has changed significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic.