Objective To investigate the effect of Tanreqing injection on the concentrations of serum inflammatory mediators in patients with acute lung injury (ALI). Methods One hundred and thirty-six patients with ALI by clinical diagnosis admitted to Xinxiang Central Hospital from December 2013 to December 2017 were enrolled, they were randomly divided into a conventional treatment group and a Tanreqing treatment group, 68 cases in each group; in the mean time, 50 healthy subjects having undertaken physical examinations in this hospital were assigned in the healthy control group. In the conventional and Tanreqing treatment groups, the primary diseases of patients were treated, combined with corticosteroid and antiseptic drugs to combat against infection, and nutrition support, fluid supplement and symptomatic therapy were also used. The patients in the Tanreqing treatment group beside received conventional treatment, additionally they were treated with Tanreqing injection 20 mL in 0.9% Sodium Chloride solution or 5% Glucose 250 mL intravenous drip in 2 hours, once daily. And, the difference of each index was evaluated on the 7th day after the patient entering the group. The concentrations of serum interleukin (IL-1, IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected for the patients in two groups and controls by using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA), respectively. Meanwhile, the changes of arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2), pH value, systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were observed in the conventional and Tanreqing treatment groups. Results The concentrations of serum IL and TNF-α in the conventional and Tanreqing treatment groups before treatment were significantly higher than those in healthy controls [IL-1 (ng/L): 128.45±27.91, 131.12±26.26 vs. 24.55±6.12, IL-6 (ng/L): 65.77±7.21, 64.08±7.05 vs. 19.13±4.55, TNF-α (ng/L): 41.24±7.01, 40.07±6.76 vs. 10.62±2.65, all P ＜ 0.05]. Moreover, the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, PaCO2, SVR and PVR in the conventional and Tanreqing treatment groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the levels of PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2were obviously increased compared with those before treatment, and the changes of the above indicators were more significant in the Tanreqing treatment group [IL-1 (ng/L): 75.67±18.58 vs. 101.22±21.13, IL-6 (ng/L):42.05±5.31 vs. 54.02±6.89, TNF-α (ng/L): 19.63±5.19 vs. 30.35±4.55, PaO2(mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa):93.06±7.95 vs. 72.66±8.04, PaCO2(mmHg): 42.32±2.44 vs. 50.25±3.43, PaO2/FiO2(mmHg): 316.28±16.73 vs. 256.33±14.25, SVR (kPa·s·L-1): 0.73±0.09 vs. 0.81±0.10, PVR (kPa·s·L-1): 0.08±0.02 vs. 0.10±0.02, all P ＜0.05]. The pH value was restored to normal (conventional treatment group was 7.37±0.27, Tanreqing treatment group was 7.41±0.31). Conclusion Tanreqing injection can reduce the concentrations of serum inflammatory mediators, significantly improve the blood gas and hemodynamic indexes, and reduce inflammatory reaction in the patients with ALI.

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ultra-hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer.Methods A total of 26 patients with prostate cancer treated with Cyber-Knife from May 2010 to May 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.The median age of the patients was 69 years old (range,57 to 87).Ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy was delivered in five fractions of 7.0-7.5 Gy for a total dose of 35.0-37.5 Gy.Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was administered in combination with the Cyber-Knife.The primary endpoints were radiation toxicity,PSA-response,local control and symptom alleviation,while the secondary endpoints were progression-free survival and overall survival.Results No graded ≥ 3 acute and late radiation toxicities occurred during follow-up.The acute toxicity of Grades 1 and 2 was 38.4％ and 19.2％,while the late toxicity of Grades 1 and 2 was 30.8％ and 3.8％,respectively.At a median follow-up of 22.44 months,for patients with localized stage,PSA level was decreased significantly after radiotherapy (Z =2.900,2.794,2.510,2.090,P＜0.05).However,there was no statistically significant difference for the metastatic group (P＞ 0.05).Conclusions Ultra-hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for patients with prostate cancer.

Objective:To summarize the clinical features, gene mutations and experience of standardized enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) of Pompe disease (PD) in children.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 13 children with PD, who were hospitalized in Qingdao Women and Children′s Hospital from December 2016 to August 2021.According to the age at onset, the children were divided into the infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD) group and late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) group.At the same time, they were divided into the ERT group and non-ERT group according to whether recombinant human acid alpha-glucosidase (rhGAA) was infused.Furthermore, the ERT group was divided into the standard ERT group and non-standard ERT group.The standard ERT group received a dose of 20 mg/kg every 2 weeks for 52 weeks.The survival rate was compared between groups by using the Kaplan-Meier method.Results:Among the 13 children with PD, there were 7 males and 6 females.Ten cases belonged to the IOPD group and 3 cases belonged to the LOPD group.The most common cause of initial consultation in the IOPD group was cardiac involvement, which accounted for 60.0% (6/10 cases), while the LOPD group mainly presented with myasthenia, cardiac involvement and respiratory tract infection at the first diagnosis.The serum level of creatine kinase (CK) in all cases increased to varying degrees.Acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) was completely deficient in 1 case and decreased in 12 cases.All the children in the IOPD group showed myocardial hypertrophy, electrocardiograph (ECG) suggested a short PR interval, increased QRS voltage and extensive T-wave inversion.Three new mutations were found by GAA gene analysis, and they were c. 1861T>G (p.Trp621Gly), c.2278A>T (p.K760X), and c. 949G>A (p.A317T). Five cases in the IOPD group were given ERT.Two of them were given standard ERT for 52 weeks, and the other 3 cases were treated with non-standard ERT.At the end of follow-up, 2 cases treated with standardized ERT survived and the remaining 8 cases died of heart failure or respiratory failure.In the LOPD group, only 1 case was given ERT one time.Finally, 2 cases survived and one died of respiratory failure.The total fatality rate was 69.2%(9/13 cases). The survival rate of the ERT group (50.0%) and standard ERT group (100.0%) was significantly higher than that of the non-ERT group (14.3%) ( Log Rank P=0.037, 0.044). Conclusions:The clinical manifestations of PD are diverse.GAA activity examination and GAA gene analysis are important for clinical diagnosis of PD.Standardized ERT can significantly delay the progression of PD and even reverse myocardial hypertrophy in children with IOPD.

Objectives To evaluate the complications predicting efficacy of the American College of Surgeons(ACS)National Surgical Quality Improvement Program(NSQIP)surgical risk calculator for cervical cancer patients undergoing open radical hysterectomy in China.Methods This study enrolled the cervical cancer patients(139 cases)undertaken open radical hysterectomy at Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from Janu-ary to December in 2021.Preoperative risk factors were abstracted from medical records and the surgical risk scores were calculated using ACS NSQIP surgical risk calculator.The association between risk scores and actual outcomes were assessed using logistic regression together with the c-statistic(area under ROC)and Brier score.Results The ACSNSQIP calculator did not predict accurately for serious complications,any complications,venous thrombo-embolism(VTE),readmission,return operation room and surgical site infection(SSI)compared with actual out-comes.There was significantly difference in the predicted and actual length of stay(3.93±0.42 days vs.13.11±4.71 days,P<0.001).Conclusions The ACS NSQIP surgical risk calculator failed to predict the postoperative complications and the length of hospital stay for cervical cancer patients undergoing open radical hysterectomy.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of modified Jichuanjian on senile patients with slow transit constipation of spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome and the influence on brain-gut peptide. MethodA total of 150 senile patients with slow transit constipation were randomized into control group （75 cases） and observation group （75 cases） with the random number table method. The observation group was given modified Jichuanjian （oral， 1 dose/day， 4 weeks）， and the control group was treated with Biantong Capsules （oral， 3 capsules/time， twice/day， 4 weeks）. Data before and after treatment were recorded， including the score of major constipation symptoms， score of Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life （PAC-QOL）， TCM syndrome score， spontaneous complete bowel movements （SCBM）， colonic transit test， serum 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）， 5-HT 4 receptor （5-HT₄R）， somatostatin （SS）， and vasoactive intestinal peptide （VIP）， and recurrence. ResultThe total effective rate of the observation group was 93.06% （67/72）， as compared with the 74.65% （53/71） in the control group （χ²=8.974 6， P<0.01）. After treatment， the scores of major constipation symptoms， scores of four dimensions of PAC-QOL， total score of PAC-QOL， and TCM syndrome score were lower than those before treatment in the two groups （P<0.01）， and lower in the observation group than in the control group （P<0.01）. The SCBM in the observation group were more than those in the control group at the 2^nd， 3^rd， 4^th weeks after treatment （P<0.01）. The proportions of residual markers at 24， 48， 72 h after treatment were smaller than those before treatment in the two groups （P<0.01）， and smaller in the observation group than in the control group （P<0.01）. After treatment， the levels of serum 5-HT and 5-HT₄R were higher （P<0.01） and the levels of serum SS and VIP were lower （P<0.01） than those before treatment in the two groups. In addition， the levels of serum 5-HT and 5-HT₄R in the observation group were higher （P<0.01） and the levels of serum SS and VIP were lower （P<0.01） in the observation group than in the control group. The recurrence in the observation group was 29.85% （20/67） in comparison with the 58.49% （31/53） in the control group （χ²=9.932 4， P<0.01）. ConclusionModified Jichuanjian is effective for senile patients with slow transit constipation of spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome， which can alleviate clinical symptoms， improve quality of life， regulate the level of serum brain-gut peptide， improve the colonic transit function， increase SCBM， and reduce the recurrence.

The continuing discoveries of novel classes of RNA modifications in various organisms have raised the need for improving sensitive, convenient, and reliable methods for quantifying RNA modifications. In particular, a subset of small RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), are modified at their 3'-terminal nucleotides via 2'-O-methylation. However, quantifying the levels of these small RNAs is difficult because 2'-O-methylation at the RNA 3'-terminus inhibits the activity of polyadenylate polymerase and T4 RNA ligase. These two enzymes are indispensable for RNA labeling or ligation in conventional miRNA quantification assays. In this study, we profiled 3'-terminal 2'-O-methyl plant miRNAs in the livers of rice-fed mice by oxidative deep sequencing and detected increasing amounts of plant miRNAs with prolonged oxidation treatment. We further compared the efficiency of stem-loop and poly(A)-tailed RT-qPCR in quantifying plant miRNAs in animal tissues and identified stem-loop RT-qPCR as the only suitable approach. Likewise, stem-loop RT-qPCR was superior to poly(A)-tailed RT-qPCR in quantifying 3'-terminal 2'-O-methyl piRNAs in human seminal plasma. In summary, this study established a standard procedure for quantifying the levels of 3'-terminal 2'-O-methyl miRNAs in plants and piRNAs. Accurate measurement of the 3'-terminal 2'-O-methylation of small RNAs has profound implications for understanding their pathophysiologic roles in biological systems.
Animals ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Methylation ; Mice ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Oxidative Stress ; RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism* ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction