Two hundred women with singleton pregnancy at full term undergoing cesarean section with combined spinal-epidural anesthesia were randomly assigned into 2 groups (n=100 in each group). During anesthesia the polyvinyl chloride epidural catheter was used in control group and the wire-reinforced epidural catheter was used in study group.The results showed that the number of patients in whom blood or blood-tinted fluid was withdrawn from epidural catheter was significantly lower in study group than that in control group.The domestic wire-reinforced epidural catheter can reduce the incidence of blood vessel injury induced by insertion of epidural catheter.

Objective To analyze the serum inflammation related factors of influenza A ( induced by sub-type H1N1 virus) patients with epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome and warm-heat syndrome. Results Fifty-six patients confirmed as influenza A ( H1N1) were differentiated into epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome ( 36 cases) and epidemic febrile warm-heat syndrome (20 cases) . And then we observed the serum immune globulins IgM and IgG, interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-ɑ), tumor growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), lipolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) levels of the influenza A patients. Results Insignificant differences of serum IgM, IgG, IL-8, TNF-ɑand TGF-β1 levels were shown between epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome patients and epidemic febrile warm-heat syndrome patients (P>0.05), but the differences of LBP, TLR4 and sCD14 were significant (P<0.05) .Conclusion Influenza A (H1N1) patients with epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome have higher serum LBP, TLR4 and sCD14 levels than patients with epidemic febrile warm-heat syndrome, indicating that inflammatory reaction is severer in influenza A (H1N1) patients with epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome.

Objective To evaluate image quality of 640-slice coronary CT angiography by combined anesthesia in Tibet minipigs. Methods Tibet minipigs underwent 640-slice coronary CT angiography after anesthesia with xylazine hydrochloride and pentobarbital sodium. The effect of anesthesia was observed and the image quality was evaluated.Results The anesthesia maintained in 40 minutes.The heart rate was (66.66±6.62)beat per minutes.The respiratory frequency was (15.62±1.53)beat per minutes.The revived time was 30 -60 minutes. All of images were good enough to be diagnosed.Conclusion Combined anesthesia with xylazine hydrochloride and pentobarbital sodium has excellent anesthetic effect.It is also simple,convenient and safe.Therefore,it is one of ideal anesthetic methods on such study for 640-slice coronary CT angiography in Tibet minipigs.

Objective To study the clinical effect of Kangfuxin Liquid in the treatment of orthodontic children with chronic gingivitis.Methods From January 2014 to February 2016,a total of 100 orthodontic children with chronic gingivitis in Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital were selected in the research.The patients were randomly divided into the control group and observation group according to the computer numeral list method,with 50 cases in each group.The control group was treated with oral scaling,children in the observation group were treated with Kangfuxin Liquid on the basis of oral scaling.The clinical curative effect,plaque index,sulcus bleeding index,pain score,swelling score,the levels of inflammatory cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 96％,which was higher than 82％of the control group(χ2 =5.005,P<0.05).After treatment,the plaque index,gingival sulcus bleeding index,pain score,swelling scores in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(all P<0.05).After treatment,the plaque index,gingival sulcus bleeding index,pain score,swelling score in the observation group were(1.14 ± 0.36)points,(1.96 ±0.64)points,(2.94 ±0.96)points,(3.32 ±0.97)points,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the control group(t=4.862,5.041,5.513,5.041,all P<0.05).After treatment,the interleukin 1 beta(IL-1 beta),prostaglandin E2(PGE2),soluble adhesion molecule 1(sICAM-1)of gingival sulcus fluid in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(all P<0.05),while after treatment,the levels of IL-1 beta,PGE2 sICAM-1 in the observation group were(10.32 ±1.19)ng/L,(246.53 ±36.29)ng/L,(135.23 ± 14.32)μg/L,respectively,which were lower than those in the control group(t=4.973,5.211,4.973,all P<0.05).Conclusion The use of Kangfuxin Liquid on chronic gingivitis after orthodontic treatment has significant clinical efficacy,can effectively reduce periodontal inflammation in patients with gingival swelling and pain,and can effectively inhibit inflammatory cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid,and improve the prognosis.

Butanol production from acid hydrolysate of Jerusalem artichoke juice by Clostridium acetobutylicum L7 was investigated, and it was found that natural components of the hydrolysate were suitable for solvent production with the species. With batch fermentation using the medium containing 48.36 g/L total sugars, 8.67 g/L butanol was produced at 60 h, and the ratio of butanol to acetone to ethanol was 0.58:0.36:0.06, which were similar to the fermentation with fructose as carbon source, but both of these two fermentations were slower than that with glucose as carbon source, indicating the fructose transport of the species might not be effective as that for glucose. When the total sugars of the medium were increased to 62.87 g/L, the residual sugars increased slightly from 3.09 g/L to 3.26 g/L, but butanol production of the fermentation system was improved significantly, with 11.21 g/L butanol produced and the ratio of butanol to acetone to ethanol at 0.64:0.29:0.05, which illustrated that an excess in sugars enhanced the butanol biosynthesis of the species by compromising its acetone production. When the sugar concentration of the medium was further increased, much more sugars were remained unconsumed, making the process economically unfavourable.
Butanols ; metabolism ; Clostridium acetobutylicum ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; Helianthus ; chemistry ; Industrial Microbiology ; methods

TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is an important enzyme in the regulation of cellular antiviral effects. TBK1 regulates the activity of the interferon regulatory factors IRF3 and IRF7, thereby playing a key role in type I interferon (IFN) signaling pathways. The structure of TBK1 consists of an N-terminal kinase domain, a middle ubiquitin-like domain (ULD), and a C-terminal elongated helical domain. It has been reported that the ULD of TBK1 regulates kinase activity, playing an important role in signaling and mediating interactions with other molecules in the IFN pathway. In this study, we present the crystal structure of the ULD of human TBK1 and identify several conserved residues by multiple sequence alignment. We found that a hydrophobic patch in TBK1, containing residues Leu316, Ile353, and Val382, corresponding to the "Ile44 hydrophobic patch" observed in ubiquitin, was conserved in TBK1, IκB kinase epsilon (IKKɛ/IKKi), IκB kinase alpha (IKKα), and IκB kinase beta (IKKβ). In comparison with the structure of the IKKβ ULD domain of Xenopus laevis, we speculate that the Ile44 hydrophobic patch of TBK1 is present in an intramolecular binding surface between ULD and the C-terminal elongated helices. The varying surface charge distributions in the ULD domains of IKK and IKK-related kinases may be relevant to their specificity for specific partners.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Conserved Sequence ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; I-kappa B Kinase ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Isoleucine ; chemistry ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Binding ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; chemistry ; Sequence Alignment ; Static Electricity ; Ubiquitin ; chemistry

Objective To identify Chinese character writing related cortex (WRC) and its relationship with hand motor cortical areas. Methods Ten native Chinese-speaking, right-hand volunteers were recruited in the study. NTMS mapping was conducted during picture naming task. The WRC were mapped based on nTMS-induced impairment of Chinese character writing. The extent and area of WRC was calculated. The right-hand motor representations were mapped while motor-evoked potentials were produced under nTMS stimulation. EMG data and coordinates of positive stimulus were recorded. The relationship between WRC and hand motor cortex (HMC) was analyzed on the basis of area comparison and distance calculation. Results The cortical areas related to Chinese character writing were mapped successfully in all subjects by nTMS. WRC was primarily centered in left posterior middle frontal gyrus (pMFG) (86%,55/64). The mean WRC area (161.03 mm2 ±62.58mm2) was significantly smaller than the mean HMC area (589.50 mm2±227.34mm2) (P<0.001). The WRC and HMC were not conjoined or overlapped in the dominant hemisphere. The distance between those two was 12.58mm±2.71mm. Conclusions NTMS can provide reliable assistance in mapping WRC areas. The WRC is relatively fixed and centralized in pMFG but is not overlapped with the HMC.

Drug adulteration and contamination are serious threats to human health therefore,their accurate monitoring is very important.Allopurinol(Alp)and theophylline(Thp)are commonly used drugs for the treatment of gout and bronchitis,while their isomers hypoxanthine(Hyt)and theobromine(Thm)have no effect and affect the efficacy of the drug.In this work,the drug isomers of Alp/Hyt and Thp/Thm are simply mixed with α-,β-,y-cyclodextrin(CD)and metal ions and separated using trapped ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry(TIMS-MS).TIMS-MS results showed that Alp/Hyt and Thp/Thm iso-mers could interact with CD and metal ions and form corresponding binary or ternary complexes to achieve their TIMS separation.Different metal ions and CDs showed different separation effect for the isomers,among which Alp and Hyt could be successfully distinguished from the complexes of[Alp/Hyt+y-CD+Cu-H]+with separation resolution(Rp-p)of 1.51;whereas Thp and Thm could be baseline separated by[Thp/Thm+y-CD+Ca-H]+with Rp-p of 1.96.Besides,chemical calculations revealed that the complexes were in the inclusion forms,and microscopic interactions were somewhat different,making their mobility separation.Moreover,relative and absolute quantification was investigated with an internal standard to determine the precise isomers content,and good linearity(R2＞0.99)was ob-tained.Finally,the method was applied for the adulteration detection where different drugs and urine were analyzed.In addition,due to the advantages of fast speed,simple operation,high sensitivity,and no chromatographic separation required,the proposed method provides an effective strategy for the drug adulteration detection of isomers.

Objective:To investigate the effect of nurse-led stress inoculation training on fear of self-injecting and self-testing and self-management behaviors in elderly type 2 diabetic patients and provide reference for diabetes nursing care.Methods:A total of 110 elderly type 2 diabetic patients of Department of Endocrinology of Hainan People′s Hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were divided into experimental group and control group according to odd and even numbers, with 55 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the experimental group implemented nurse-led stress inoculation training for 4 weeks. The intervention effect was assessed by Diabetes Fear of Injecting and Self-testing Ouestionnaire (D-FISQ) and Diabetes self-management behaviors among older (DSMB-O), respectively.Results:In the study, one patient in the experimental group fell off, and finally included 54 cases in the experimental group and 55 cases in the control group. After intervention, the fear of self-injecting scores, fear of self-testing scores, and total D-FISQ scores were 13.15 ± 3.02, 15.67 ± 3.59 and 28.81 ± 5.08 in the experimental group, significantly lower than those in the control group (15.25 ± 3.18, 17.56 ± 3.92 and 32.82 ± 4.89), the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.55, 2.63, 4.19, P<0.05). Active exercises, current medication, blood glucose monitoring, dealing with problem, active response, reducing risks scores and total DSMB-O scores were 2.39 ± 0.49, 2.39 ± 0.49, 2.20 ± 0.81, 4.41 ± 0.92, 4.70 ± 1.13, 5.06 ± 0.79 and 25.28 ± 2.57 in the experimental group, significantly higher than those in the control group (3.95 ± 0.85, 2.11 ± 0.85, 1.51 ± 0.50, 3.95 ± 0.78, 4.13 ± 1.43, 4.38 ± 1.16 and 22.09 ± 2.24), the difference was statistically significant ( t values were 2.10-6.90, P<0.05). Conclusions:Nurse-led stress inoculation training can effectively alleviate fear of self-injecting and self-testing and promote self-management behaviors of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective:To investigate the value of serum soluble programmed cell death protein 1 (sPD-1), soluble B7 homolog 5 (sB7-H5) and trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) in evaluating the severity of disease and the risk of death in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods:A prospective research method was adopted. Three hundred and twenty-eight patients with AP (AP group) from February 2020 to February 2021 in Xiangyang Central Hospital were selected, including 124 patients with mild AP (MAP), 106 patients with moderately severe AP (MSAP) and 98 patients with severe AP (SAP). The serum levels of sPD-1, sB7-H5 and TFF2 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared with 60 healthy people (healthy control group). The patients with AP were followed up for 90 d, 284 patients survived and 44 died. The amylase, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), modified CT severity index (MCTSI), sPD-1, sB7-H5 and TFF2 were compared between the two groups. Pearson method was used for correlation analysis. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of death in patients with AP. The efficacy of sPD-1, sB7-H5 and TFF2 in predicting the death in patients with AP was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve.Results:The sPD-1, sB7-H5 and TFF2 in AP group were significantly higher than those in healthy control group: (177.99 ± 17.81) ng/L vs. (50.20 ± 10.81) ng/L, (2.69 ± 0.72) μg/L vs. (1.40 ± 0.35) μg/L and (569.97 ± 38.91) μg/L vs. (94.59 ± 11.98) μg/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). The amylase, sPD-1, sB7-H5 and TFF2 in patients with MSAP and SAP were significantly higher than those in patients with MAP: (639.36 ± 91.67) and (835.24 ± 109.30) U/L vs. (575.24 ± 89.78) U/L, (180.13 ± 20.61) and (221.17 ± 15.70) ng/L vs. (142.03 ± 16.76) ng/L, (2.85 ± 0.74) and (3.34 ± 0.82) μg/L vs. (2.05 ± 0.52) μg/L, (539.66 ± 36.58) and (763.55 ± 40.08) μg/L vs. (442.90 ± 35.79) μg/L, the indexes in patients with SAP were significantly higher than those in patients with MSAP, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). Pearson correlation analysis result showed that sPD-1 was positively correlated with sB7-H5 and TFF2 in patients with AP ( r = 0.552 and 0.641, P<0.01), and the sB7-H5 was positively correlated with TFF2 ( r = 0.610, P<0.01). The amylase, CRP, PCT, APACHE Ⅱ, SOFA, MCTSI, sPD-1, sB7-H5 and TFF2 in the dead patients were significantly higher than those in the living patients: (1 098 ± 105) U/L vs. (641 ± 93) U/L, (235.60 ± 40.17) mg/L vs. (118.04 ± 32.90) mg/L, (4.32 ± 0.52) μg/L vs. (3.14 ± 0.44) μg/L, (19.39 ± 3.14) scores vs. (11.18 ± 2.53) scores, (12.13 ± 2.78) scores vs. (7.40 ± 2.15) scores, (7.12 ± 1.73) scores vs. (4.31 ± 1.52) scores, (222.23 ± 22.30) ng/L vs. (171.14 ± 18.50) ng/L, (3.37 ± 0.89) μg/L vs. (2.59 ± 0.59) μg/L and (629.27 ± 39.63) μg/L vs. (560.78 ± 30.45) μg/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis result showed that CRP, PCT, APACHE Ⅱ, SOFA, sPD-1, sB7-H5 and TFF2 were independent risk factors death of in patients with AP ( OR = 1.339, 1.416, 1.285, 1.327, 1.092, 1.171 and 1.080; 95% CI 1.145 to 1.566, 1.146 to 1.751, 1.132 to 1.460, 1.150 to 1.531, 1.024 to 1.164, 1.072 to 1.280 and 1.031 to 1.131; P<0.01). The ROC curve analysis result showed that the area under the curve of sPD-1, sB7-H5 and TFF2 combined detection to predict the death in patients with AP was larger than that of sPD-1, sB7-H5, and TFF2 alone detection (0.870 vs. 0.771, 0.734 and 0.685). Conclusions:The increase of serum sPD-1, sB7-H5 and TFF2 levels in patients with AP is related to the severity of disease of patients with AP. The combined detection of the indexes can assist in evaluating the risk of death in patients with AP.