ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of exploratory behaviors on depression-like rats treated with sleep deprivation,and the mechanism of the point of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).Methods30 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal group,depression group and deprivation group,and the depression model of rats were established by chronic unpredictable stress.At the day of 6th,12th,18th,24th the deprivation group was deprived sleep for 24h by the method of multi-platform water environment,and then all groups were on the open-field test.The approach of immunohistochemistry and retrovirus polymerization chain reaction measured BDNF expression level in the hippocampal neurons.ResultsThe four open-field test scores of the day of 6th,12th,18th,24th indicated that the scores of deprivation group was a low-to high trend,and at the open-field test of the 24th day was significantly different compared with depression group(P ＜0.01 ),while no significant difference was found compared with the normal group (P ＞ 0.05 ).Compared with depression group( gray level:108.53 ± 4.45,positive area rate:0.0747 ± 0.0262 ),BDNF protein expression was significantly higher in the hippocampal neurons of deprivation group( gray level:116.00 ±5.61,positive area rate:0.2034 ± 0.0352 ) (P ＜ 0.05 ),while there was no significant difference in normal group ( gray level:117.27 ±10.66,positive area rate:0.2252 ±0.1143 ) (P＞0.05 ).Results of RT-PCR were in accord with that of immunohistochemistry.ConclusionSleep deprivation can improve the exploratory behaviors of depressive rats and the mechanism may be related to the increasing concentration of BDNF in hippocampal neurons.

Objective To translate the English version of an abbreviated eight-item measure of Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ-A) into Chinese and to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of PSWQ-A in patients after total Hip Replacement.Methods Totally 218 patients after total hip replacement were recruited and were investigated by the Chinese version of PSWQ-A.Results The internal consistency coefficient of the Chinese version of PSWQ-A were 0.885.Factor analysis got two factors,which explain 68.428％ of the total variance.The content validity index was 0.924.Using SAS as an external criterion,The correlation coefficients of the PSWQ-A and SAS scores were 0.891,P＜0.05.Conclusions The Chinese version of PSWQ-A has been proved to be reliable and valid.It can be used as a valid tool for the measurement of self-efficacy in patients after total hip replacement.

Objective To evaluate the effect of sevoflurane postconditioning on the expression of Pim-1 kinase during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-300 g,were used in this study.After the animals were anesthetized,their hearts were immediately removed and retrogradely perfused with an oxygenated K-H solution at 37 ℃ in a Langendorff apparatus.Thirty-six isolated rat hearts were assigned into 3 groups (n=12 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),group I/R and sevoflurane postconditioning group (group SP).The hearts were subjected to ischemia for 30 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion to establish the model of myocardial I/R injury.In group SP,the hearts were perfused with K-H solution saturated with 3％ sevoflurane for 15 min starting from the beginning of reperfusion.Heart rate (HR),left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP),left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and the maximum rate of increase and decrease of left ventricular pressure (±dp/dtmax)were recorded at the end of equilibration and 30,60,90and 120 min of reperfusion.Myocardial tissues were obtained at T2 for determination of the expression of Pim-1 kinase,Bcl-2 and cytochrome c (Cyt c) in cytoplasm and mitochondria by Western blot.The hearts were selected at T4 for determination of myocardial infarct size (by TTC staining) and for examination of mitochondrial ultrastructure (with transmission electron microscope).Results Compared with group C,HR,LVDP and ±dp/dtmax were significantly decreased,and LVEDP was increased at T1-4,the myocardial infarct size was enlarged,the expression of Pim-1 and Bcl-2 in cytoplasm and mitochondria was down-regulated,the expression of Cyt c in cytoplasm was up-regulated,and the expression of Cyt c in mitochondria was down-regulated in group I/R (P＜0.05).Compared with group I/R,HR,LVDP and ±dp/ dtmax were significantly increased,and LVEDP was decreased at T1-4,the myocardial infarct size was decreased,the expression of Pim-1 kinase and Bcl-2 in cytoplasm and mitochondria was up-regulated,the expression of Cyt c in cytoplasm was down-regulated,and the expression of Cyt c in mitochondria was upregulated in group SP (P＜0.05).The damage to mitochondria was significantly attenuated in group SP as compared with group I/R,and was aggravated as compared with group C.Conclusion The mechanism by which sevoflurane postconditioning attenuates myocardial I/R may be related to up-regulation of Pim-1 kinase expression in rats.

Objective To explore the effect of the combination of video feedback and telephone intervention on postdischarge rehabilitation in patients receiving artificial total hip replacement.Methods A total of 60 patients receiving artificial total hip replacement were divided into intervention group and control group with 30 cases each by random digits table method.The combination of video feedback and telephone intervention was conducted in intervention group,and conventional discharge guidance and telephone follow-up on a regular basis in control group.In intervention group,the patients or their family member were asked to record the video of the exercises and daily living when patients were at home according instructions and researchers assessed the condition of patient's joint and muscle function and provided individual education and instructions to the patients on the basis of the feedback video through telephone.Harris hip function rating scale and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) were investigated at discharge and 1,3,6 months after discharge.Results There were no significant differences in Harris hip function rating scale and FIM score at discharge between 2 groups,P＞0.05.Harris hip function rating scale score were (72.70± 11.65),(83.11±5.12),(94.83±3.08) scores at 1,3,6 months after discharge in intervention group,and (63.20±14.96),(77.00±11.62),(87.50±7.94) scores in control group,there were significant differences,P＜0.05 or ＜0.01.FIM score were (96.30±4.63),(108.76±3.28),(125.79±1.19) scores at 1,3,6 months after discharge in intervention group,and (78.23±5.09),(86.43±6.30),(96.54±5.35) scores in control group,there were significant differences,P＜0.01.Conclusion The combination of video feedback and telephone intervention could help to promote the postdischarge hip function for patients receiving artificial total hip replacement.

Objective To investigate the DNA methylation of skeletal muscle in spastic paralysis rats and correlation with the muscle fiber configuration. Methods 100 5-day old Wistar rats were randomly divided into model group and control group. The former was established the spastic paralysis modle and reared for 30 days. Then, tissues from the gastrocnemius of all the rats were observed with triplicate DNA methylation, myosin heavy chain-I (MHC-I) mRNA with RT-PCR and transmission electron microscopy. Results The DNA methylation was (4.95±0.83)×10% in the model group, significantly less than (6.59±0.75)×10% in the control group (P<0.001); while the MHC-I mRNA was (1.23±0.31), significantly more than (0.44±0.29) in the control group (P<0.001). The Z-line was disordered, and the mitochondria near the Z-line increased, with edema and partially broken in cristae. The balance between the thick and thin filaments was broken, and myofibrils envelope fused. Conclusion Hypomethylation and hyperexpression of MHC-I mRNA have been found in skeletal muscle of spastic paralysis rats, which may result in type I fibers increase. However, there was no sufficient evidence to support the correlation between the DNA methylation and the secondary pathological changes.

This study was aimed to show the extraction research of cpDNA in Gentiana straminea Maxim. and G. crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk., which will increase the knowledge about the chloroplast genome sequence characteris-tics, understand its genetic diversity and improve the efficiency of breeding schemes. G. straminea Maxim. and G. crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk. were taken as study objects. The improved sucrose-gradient centrifugation and purifica-tion methods were used to obtain the cpDNA, measure the concentration, detect the OD value, and amplify the ITS2 sequence to verify the nucleus pollution. The results showed that the high quality and purity cpDNA (0.1 - 0.4 μg/10 g) was demonstrated without other pollution after ITS2 sequence amplification, which met to the subsequent effi-cient sequencing of chloroplast genomes. The purity and mass have an important influence on the accuracy and cred-ibility of the cp genome sequencing. It was concluded that this study improved the sucrose-gradient centrifugation and purification with great effect of the purity and mass of cpDNA, and guaranteed the obtaining of complete cpDNA of Gentiana.

BACKGROUND:Early rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can help the rapid functional recovery of knee,but some patients are fear of moving and refuse to do exercising because of kinesiophobia,thereby delaying functional recovery.Foreign study has confirmed that patients with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can effectively alleviate kinesiophobia,but no related studies have been reported in China.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effectiveness of CBT on patients with kinesiophobia after TKA.METHODS:108 patients with kinesiophobia after TKA were recruited from Department of Orthopedics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,China between March 2014 and January 2015,and were then equivalently randomized into experimental and control groups using random number table.Both groups were subjected to conventional treatment,while the experimental group received extra CBT.The scores of Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia and American Knee Society were evaluated immediately,1,3,and 6 months after hospital discharge;the hospitalization time and total hospitalization expenditure were compared between two groups immediately after discharge.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The scores of Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group at different time points postoperatively (P ＜ 0.05).The scores of American Knee Society in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 3 and 6 months after discharge and kept on rising (P ＜ 0.01),but showed no significant difference at discharge and 1 month after discharge (P ＞ 0.05).(2) The hospitalization time and total hospitalization expenditure in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).(3) To conclude,CBT cannot only shorten the hospitalization time and total hospitalization expenditure,but also relieve kinesiophobia,which is conductive for functional recovery of the knee.

Objective Currently, there are few articles about kinesiophobia in patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in China.This study aims to investigate the incidence of kinesiophobia and its influencing factors in TKA patient, and provide evidence for the intervention of kinesiophobia.Methods A total of 298 TKA patients from our hospital were investigated by general information questionnaire, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), Knee Self-Efficacy Scales, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Social Support Rating Scale.Single-factor analysis and logistic regression analysis were conducted to explore influencing factors.Results The score of TSK was 38.50±13.52, and 31.88% of TKA patients reported kinesiophobia.Logistic regression analysis showed that duration of pain (OR=5.546, 95%CI: 2.143-14.353), education level (OR=0.145, 95%CI: 0.067-0.314), self efficacy(OR=0.606, 95%CI: 0.470-0.780), positive response (OR=0.784, 95%CI: 0.683-0.900), objective support (OR=0.807, 95%CI: 0.691-0.943) and utilization of social support (OR=0.507, 95%CI: 0.461-0.705) were factors influencing kinesiophobia in TKA patients.Conclusion Attention should be paid to the kinesiophobia in TKA patients, especially those influencing factors including duration of pain, education level, and objective support.Health care providers should encourage early stage rehabilitation exercise to improve the postoperative knee function of TKA patients.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Sheshang capsule for treatment of blood coagulation dysfunction in patients bitten by Trimeresurus stejnegeri snake. Methods A prospective study was conducted. Seventy Trimeresurus stejnegeri snake envenoming patients whose manifestations conformed to the diagnostic criteria of the fire toxin syndrome in TCM were assigned into therapy group and control group by random number table (each, 35 cases). The basic treatments (including wound disinfection, intramuscular injection of 1 500 U tetanus antitoxin, conventional dose of antibiotics, 10 mg dexamethasone, 40 mg omeprazole) and 10 Jidesheng Sheyao tablets three times a day were applied in the control group. In the therapy group, the basic treatments the same as those of the control group were given, and in the mean time 5 Sheshang capsules (the drug was prepared in our hospital including ingredients:rhubarb, coptidis rhizoma, pleione bulbocodioides, elecampane inula root, bayberry bark, borneol and so on) were administered three times a day. The therapeutic course in the two groups was 1 week. The levels of platelet α-granule membrane protein (CD62p), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), platelet factor 3 (PF3) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) in serum were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before and after treatment. Results Before treatment, there were no significant differences in CD62p, TXB2, PF3 and vWF between therapy group and control group [CD62p (μg/L):3.81±1.64 vs. 3.52±1.43, TXB2 (μg/L):13.04±1.67 vs. 13.31±1.14, PF3 (μg/L): 2.84±1.08 vs. 2.88±1.23, vWF (μg/L):12.36±2.42 vs. 11.89±2.08, all P>0.05]. After treatment, the levels of CD62p, TXB2 and PF3 were increased, while vWF decreased compared with those before treatment in both groups, the level changes in therapy group being more remarkable [CD62p (μg/L): 6.73±1.77 vs. 5.81±1.62, TXB2 (μg/L):18.65±1.77 vs. 17.90±1.68, PF3 (μg/L):5.61±1.48 vs. 4.77±1.24, vWF (μg/L):3.87±1.01 vs. 4.58±1.09, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01]. Conclusion The Sheshang capsule is capable of treating patients with blood coagulative disorder after Trimeresurus stejnegeri snake bite, and its mechanism is possibly related to the improvement of platelet activation function and amelioration of the damage of vascular endothelial cells.